US3764905A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Apparatus for measuring pulsed signals using josephson tunneling devices
Assignee: International Business Machines Corp
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Filing: 1972-06-30
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Granted: 1973-10-09
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Expires: 1992-06-30
Abstract
Abstract A device and method for measurement of ultra fast waveforms with increased accuracy and storage capability. A superconducting loop contains at least one Josephson tunneling device and is located adjacent to the signal line along which travels the waveform to be measured. Magnetic flux from the waveform intercepts the loop in an amount which is dependent upon the amplitude of the waveform at any instance in time. Control means is provided to switch the Josephson tunneling device to its zero voltage state at the time the waveform is to be sampled. This traps the magnetic flux due to the waveform and the flux will remain stored in a loop as long as the Josephson tunneling device remains in its zero voltage state. A test Josephson tunnel device located adjacent to the superconducting loop can be used to detect the amount of flux trapped in the loop. Non-repetitive pulses can be sampled and the device has a possible resolution of 5 picoseconds. The bandwidth of the non-repetitive signal pulses can be 100 gHz.
Inventors
- 👤 H Zappe
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 02:04
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01R; G01R13/00; G01R13/20; G01R13/22; G01R13/34; G01R13/342; G01R15/00; G01R15/14; G01R15/18; G01R33/00; G01R33/02; G01R33/035; G01R33/0354; H; H03; H03K; H03K19/00; H03K19/02; H03K19/195; H03K19/1952; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S505/00; Y10S505/825; Y10S505/842; Y10S505/843
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
147 words
An apparatus for measuring pulses of electromagnetic energy, comprising: a source of said electromagnetic pulses to be measured, said pulses producing a magnetic field, a superconductive loop having a Josephson tunneling device therein which exhibits a superconducting state and a resistive state, said loop being located in flux-coupling proximity to said magnetic field produced by said electromagnetic pulses, control means for switching said Josephson tunneling device to its superconductive state and to its resistive state, there being penetration of said loop by said magnetic field when said Josephson tunneling device is in its resistive state, and trapping of said magnetic flux when said Josephson tunneling device is switched to its superconductive state, detection means for measuring the amount of said flux trapped in said superconductive loop, said flux being proportional to the amplitude of said electromagnetic pulse at the time said flux is trapped in said loop.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
147 words
An apparatus for measuring pulses of electromagnetic energy, comprising: a source of said electromagnetic pulses to be measured, said pulses producing a magnetic field, a superconductive loop having a Josephson tunneling device therein which exhibits a superconducting state and a resistive state, said loop being located in flux-coupling proximity to said magnetic field produced by said electromagnetic pulses, control means for switching said Josephson tunneling device to its superconductive state and to its resistive state, there being penetration of said loop by said magnetic field when said Josephson tunneling device is in its resistive state, and trapping of said magnetic flux when said Josephson tunneling device is switched to its superconductive state, detection means for measuring the amount of said flux trapped in said superconductive loop, said flux being proportional to the amplitude of said electromagnetic pulse at the time said flux is trapped in said loop.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
36 words
The apparatus of claim 1, including synchronization means coupled to said source of electromagnetic pulses and to said control means for providing clock signals to said control means to trigger the operation of said control means.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
83 words
The apparatus of claim 1, further including additional superconducting loops having Josephson tunneling devices therein, each of said additional loops being located sufficiently close to said source of electromagnetic pulses that the magnetic field produced by said electromagnetic pulses magnetically couples to each said additional loop, each said additional loop having associated therewith a control means for switching the state of the Josephson tunneling device in said additional loop and a detection means for detecting the magnetic flux stored in said additional loop.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 1, where said Josephson tunneling device is a planar device having a planar Josephson tunneling barrier therein.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The apparatus of claim 1, where said Josephson tunneling device is a weak link.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
The apparatus of claim 1, where said control means produces a magnetic field which intercepts said Josephson tunneling device.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
50 words
The apparatus of claim 1, where said control means includes at least one current carrying control line having a control Josephson tunneling device therein having a superconducting state and a resistive state, the state of said control Josephson tunneling device determining the amount of current flowing in said control line.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
38 words
The apparatus of claim 1, where said detection means inlcudes a test Josephson tunneling device located sufficiently close to said superconducting loop that currents flowing in said loop produce magnetic fields which couple said test Josephson tunneling device.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
46 words
The apparatus of claim 1, where the maximum amount N of flux quanta phi 0 stored in said superconducting loop is LIm/ phi 0, where L is the inductance of said superconducting loop and Im is the maximum Josephson tunneling current through said Josephson tunneling device.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
The apparatus of claim 1, where said superconducting loop Is critically damped.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus of claim 1, further including a resistor in parallel with said Josephson tunneling device.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 1, where said Josephson tunneling device is comprised of a plurality of Josephson tunneling barriers in series.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
137 words
An apparatus using Josephson tunneling devices, comprising: a source of electromagnetic pulses which produce magnetic flux lines, at least one superconducting loop having a first Josephson tunneling device therein, said loop being magnetically coupled to said flux lines produced by said electromagnetic pulses, wherein said first Josephson tunneling device has a superconducting state and a resistive state, control means for switching said first Josephson tunneling device between said superconductive state and said resistive state for trapping in said superconductive loop magnetic flux lines produced by said electromagnetic pulses, the amount of flux trapped being proportional to the amplitude of said electromagnetic pulses at the instant said flux is trapped, detection means for measuring the amount of flux trapped in said superconducting loop, said detection means including a second Josephson tunneling device magnetically coupled to said superconducting loop.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
137 words
An apparatus using Josephson tunneling devices, comprising: a source of electromagnetic pulses which produce magnetic flux lines, at least one superconducting loop having a first Josephson tunneling device therein, said loop being magnetically coupled to said flux lines produced by said electromagnetic pulses, wherein said first Josephson tunneling device has a superconducting state and a resistive state, control means for switching said first Josephson tunneling device between said superconductive state and said resistive state for trapping in said superconductive loop magnetic flux lines produced by said electromagnetic pulses, the amount of flux trapped being proportional to the amplitude of said electromagnetic pulses at the instant said flux is trapped, detection means for measuring the amount of flux trapped in said superconducting loop, said detection means including a second Josephson tunneling device magnetically coupled to said superconducting loop.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
86 words
The apparatus of claim 13, further including additional superconducting loops each of which has a Josephson tunneling device located therein, said additional loops being sufficiently close to said source of electromagnetic pulses that the magnetic flux lines produced by said electromagnetic pulses couple to said additional loops, each said additional loop having associated therewith a control means for controlling the state of said Josephson tunneling device in said additional superconducting loop and a detection means for detecting the magnetic flux stored in said additional superconducting loop.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
The apparatus of claim 14, wherein each said superconducting loop is critically damped.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
49 words
The apparatus of claim 13, where said control means includes at least one current carrying control line having a control Josephson tunneling device exhibiting a superconducting state and a resistive state, the state of said control Josephson tunneling device determining the amount of current flowing in said control line.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
12 words
The apparatus of claim 13, where said superconducting loop is critically damped.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
37 words
The apparatus of claim 13, including a current source connected to said second Josephson tunneling device and a current measuring means connected to said Josephson tunneling device for measuring the current through said second Josephson tunneling device.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
12 words
The apparatus of claim 14, where said superconductive loops are connected together.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
44 words
The apparatus of claim 13, where said source of electromagnetic pulses includes a current carrying conductor along which said electromagnetic pulses travel, said conductor being sufficiently close to said superconducting loop that magnetic flux produced by said electromagnetic pulses couples to said superconducting loop.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-10-08 | 1977-04-09 | 1977-10-09 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-10-08 | 1981-04-09 | 1981-10-09 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-10-08 | 1985-04-09 | 1985-10-09 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |