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US3761540A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Alkylation of isoparaffin with ethylene and a higher olefin

Assignee: Phillips Petroleum Co
•
Filing: 1971-04-30
•
Granted: 1973-09-25
•
Expires: 1991-04-30
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Abstract

Abstract An isoparaffin, e.g., isobutane and/or isopentane are alkylated with ethylene in presence of a higher olefin, e.g., propylene, a butylene, etc., using hydrogen fluoride catalyst to produce high octane value alkylate with little or no or some formation of ethyl fluoride. Alkylate of 97 plus, TEL-free, Research Octane can be produced from isobutane, propylene and ethylene. Alkylate of one hundred Research Octane with no tetraethyl lead can be produced with approximately equal parts by weight of ethylene and isobutylene in an alkylation of isobutane, in presence of virtually anhydrous HF catalyst at a temperature of the order of about 75* F., and a catalyst to total hydrocarbon ratio of about four. At isobutane to total olefin (ethylene plus higher olefin) mol ratio of less than about four to one, a small proportion of BF3 is required in the HF catalyst to produce alkylate in practical quantities of sufficiently high Research Octane (clear) and with minimized production of ethyl fluoride.

Inventors

  • 👤 T Hutson
  • 👤 C Carter

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-03 06:25
CPC Classifications
C; C07; C07C; C07C2/00; C07C2/54; C07C2/56; C07C2/58; C07C2/60; C07C2527/00; C07C2527/06; C07C2527/08; C07C2527/12; C07C2527/1213

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim 109 words
An alkylation of an isoparaffin with ethylene in the presence of a higher olefin in the presence of an HF catalyst which contains zero to about 4 weight percent BF3 based on the HF content of the catalyst being employed, wherein the mol ratio of isoparaffin to total olefin is in the approximate range of from about 1.5 to 1 to about 25 to 1, the weight percent of higher olefin in the total olefin is above about 5 and not in excess of about 70; the residence time is in the approximate range of 10-240 seconds and the temperature is in the approximate range of 75* -150* F.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 38 words
An alkylation according to claim 1 wherein the higher olefin is present in an amount of from about 10 to about 55 weight percent and the mol ratio of isoparaffin to total olefin is at least about 6:1.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 41 words
An alkylation according to claim 1 wherein the higher olefin is present in an amount of from about 5 to about 60 weight percent and the mol ratio of isoparaffin to total olefin is in the approximate range 6:1 - 25:1.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 42 words
An alkylation according to claim 2 wherein the isoparaffin to total olefin mol ratio is at least about 4:1, and the BF3 is present in an amount in the approximate range of from zero to about 0.3 weight percent of the catalyst.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 49 words
An alkylation according to claim 2 wherein the isoparaffin to total olefin mol ratio will be in the approximate range of from about 1.5:1 to about 4:1 and the BF3 will be present in an amount of about 0.3 up to about 4 percent by weight of the catalyst.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 25 words
An alkylation according to claim 5 wherein the isoparaffin to olefin ratio is at least about 6:1 and BF3 is substantially zero in the catalyst.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 37 words
An alkylation according to claim 6 wherein the isoparaffin to olefin ratio is at least about 2:1 and the BF3 is in the approximate range of from about 2 to about 4 weight percent of the catalyst.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 39 words
An alkylation according to claim 1 wherein the isoparaffin is at least one selected from isobutane and isopentane and in addition to the ethylene there is present as said higher olefin at least one of propylene and a butylene.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 16 words
An alkylation according to claim 9 wherein the isoparaffin is isobutane and the butylene is isobutylene.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 27 words
An alkylation according to claim 1 wherein the total hydrocarbon to total catalyst volume ratio is in the approximate range of from about 0.1 2 to 1.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 17 words
An alkylation according to claim 9 wherein the isoparaffin is isobutane and said higher olefin is propylene.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

CA654625A Cited
US2322800A Cited
US2455003A Cited
US2394929A Cited
US2399353A Cited
US2387162A Cited
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US2451843A Cited
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US3435092A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1976-09-24 1977-03-26 1977-09-25 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1980-09-24 1981-03-26 1981-09-25 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1984-09-24 1985-03-26 1985-09-25 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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