US3760168A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Reaction zone control
Assignee: Universal Oil Products Co
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Filing: 1971-05-24
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Granted: 1973-09-18
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Expires: 1991-05-24
Abstract
Abstract The method and means of controlling the output of a multi zone reaction installation about a desired conversion level and at optimum performance conditions. An input to the reaction installation is regulated to regulate the severity of reaction in individual zones and such regulation is controlled by means including a regulatable set point for each reaction zone. The discharge effluent from the downstream reaction zone is analyzed and the signal responsive to the character of such effluent is used first to determine a performance index output signal and secondly for determining the total conversion level. An optimizer utilizes the performance index output signal to determine a first output signal for each reaction zone representing a first component of each regulatable set point. The optimizer analyzes the performance index output signal and then determines a first output signal necessary for each reaction zone to approach an optimum performance in the reaction zones. A controller utilizes the signal indicative of the conversion level of the reaction zones and determines a second output signal representing a second component of the regulatable set points corresponding to the desired total conversion level of the reaction zones. The first and second output signals are combined and are utilized as the regulatable set points for controlling the regulation of the severity of reaction in each reaction zone.
Inventors
- 👤 D Boyd
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 04:08
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10G; C10G35/00; C10G35/24; C07; C07C; C07C5/00; C07C5/32; C07C5/327; C07C5/333; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S585/00; Y10S585/919; Y10S585/921; Y10S585/922; Y10S585/924; Y10S585/926
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 38
Claim 1
Independent Claim
253 words
In combination with at least two serially connected reaction zones having inlet means for introducing an inlet reactant stream thereto and outlet means for discharging the resultant effluent therefrom, a control system which maintains a desired range of operation and optimizes the performance thereof comprising: a. regulating means connected to each reaction zone for regulating the severity of reaction therein; b. a control means connected to each regulating means for controlling the regulation thereof, each control means including a regulatable set point; c. analyzing means communicating with the effluent of the downstream reaction zone for producing a signal responsive to the character of said effluent; d. performance indicating means connected to said analyzing means for determining a performance index output signal; e. optimizer means connected to the performance indicating means for optimizing the performance of said reaction zones, said optimizer means including means for determining a first output signal for each said control means and including computer means for analyzing the performance index output signal of said performance indicating means to determine said first output signal necessary for each reaction zone to approach an optimum performance of said reaction zones; f. controller means connected to said analyzing means for determining a second output signal corresponding to the desired conversion level of said reaction zones; and, g. summing means connected to said optimizer means, to said controller means, and to said control means for summing each first output signal and the second output signal to thereby generate signals representing each aforesaid regulatable set point.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
253 words
In combination with at least two serially connected reaction zones having inlet means for introducing an inlet reactant stream thereto and outlet means for discharging the resultant effluent therefrom, a control system which maintains a desired range of operation and optimizes the performance thereof comprising: a. regulating means connected to each reaction zone for regulating the severity of reaction therein; b. a control means connected to each regulating means for controlling the regulation thereof, each control means including a regulatable set point; c. analyzing means communicating with the effluent of the downstream reaction zone for producing a signal responsive to the character of said effluent; d. performance indicating means connected to said analyzing means for determining a performance index output signal; e. optimizer means connected to the performance indicating means for optimizing the performance of said reaction zones, said optimizer means including means for determining a first output signal for each said control means and including computer means for analyzing the performance index output signal of said performance indicating means to determine said first output signal necessary for each reaction zone to approach an optimum performance of said reaction zones; f. controller means connected to said analyzing means for determining a second output signal corresponding to the desired conversion level of said reaction zones; and, g. summing means connected to said optimizer means, to said controller means, and to said control means for summing each first output signal and the second output signal to thereby generate signals representing each aforesaid regulatable set point.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
6 words
the desirable products in said effluent.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
6 words
the desirable products in said effluent.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The control system of claim 1 further characterized in that said performance index output signal is comprised of a function of:
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
7 words
the unreacted reactants remaining in said effluent.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
7 words
the unreacted reactants remaining in said effluent.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
101 words
the octane value of the liquid yield; d. optimizing the performance of the reaction zones by analyzing signal (1) of step (c) and determining a first output signal necessary for each reaction zone to approach an optimum performance of said reaction zones; e. determining a second output signal whose value is determined by the comparison of the desired octane value of the liquid yield and the octane value determined in step (c); and f. summing each of the first output signals of step (d) with the second output signal of step (b) To thereby generate each aforesaid regulatable set point signal.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
101 words
the octane value of the liquid yield; d. optimizing the performance of the reaction zones by analyzing signal (1) of step (c) and determining a first output signal necessary for each reaction zone to approach an optimum performance of said reaction zones; e. determining a second output signal whose value is determined by the comparison of the desired octane value of the liquid yield and the octane value determined in step (c); and f. summing each of the first output signals of step (d) with the second output signal of step (b) To thereby generate each aforesaid regulatable set point signal.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
72 words
the quantity of ethylbenzene in the effluent; g. determining a second output signal whose value is determined by the comparison of a desired total conversion level of said reaction zone to the actual total conversion level of each reaction zone determined in step (f); h. summing each of the first output signals of step (e) with the second output signal of step (g) to thereby generate each aforesaid regulatable set point signal.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
72 words
the quantity of ethylbenzene in the effluent; g. determining a second output signal whose value is determined by the comparison of a desired total conversion level of said reaction zone to the actual total conversion level of each reaction zone determined in step (f); h. summing each of the first output signals of step (e) with the second output signal of step (g) to thereby generate each aforesaid regulatable set point signal.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
72 words
the quantity of styrene in said effluent e. optimizing the performance of said reaction zones by anaylzing the performance index output signal of step (d) and determining a first output signal necessary for each reaction zone to approach an optimum performance of said reaction zones; f. determining the total conversion level from signals (3) and (4) of step (c) the value of said total conversion level being given by a function of:
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
72 words
the quantity of styrene in said effluent e. optimizing the performance of said reaction zones by anaylzing the performance index output signal of step (d) and determining a first output signal necessary for each reaction zone to approach an optimum performance of said reaction zones; f. determining the total conversion level from signals (3) and (4) of step (c) the value of said total conversion level being given by a function of:
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
7 words
the quantity of toluene in said effluent;
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
7 words
the quantity of toluene in said effluent;
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
7 words
the unreacted reactants remaining in said effluent.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
7 words
the unreacted reactants remaining in said effluent.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
6 words
the desirable prOducts in said effluent.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
6 words
the desirable prOducts in said effluent.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
7 words
the quantity of styrene in said effluent;
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
7 words
the quantity of styrene in said effluent;
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
24 words
The control system of claim 1 further characterized in that said regulating means includes means to regulate the heat input to said reaction zones.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
23 words
The control system of claim 1 further characterized in that the conversion level of said reaction zones is determined by a function of:
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
37 words
the quantity of ethylbenzene in said effluent; d. determining a performance index output signal from signals (1), (2), and (3) of step (c), the value of said performance index output signal being given by a function of:
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
37 words
the quantity of ethylbenzene in said effluent; d. determining a performance index output signal from signals (1), (2), and (3) of step (c), the value of said performance index output signal being given by a function of:
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
26 words
The control system of claim 1 further characterized in that the conversion level of said reaction zones is determined by the octane rating of said effluent.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
149 words
A method of controlling the operation of at least two serially connected reaction zones comprising the steps of: a. regulating the reaction severity within each reaction zone; b. controlling such regulation in response to a regulatable set point signal for each reaction zone; c. analyzing the effluent of the downstream reaction zone to produce a signal responsive to the character of said effluent; d. determining a performance index output signal from the signal derived from step (c); e. optimizing the performance of said reaction zones by analyzing the output signal derived from step (d) and determining a first output signal necessary to approach an optimum performance of said reaction zones; f. determining a second output signal corresponding to a desired conversion level of said reaction zones; and, g. summing each of the first output signals with the second output signal to thereby generate each aforesaid regulatable set point signal.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
149 words
A method of controlling the operation of at least two serially connected reaction zones comprising the steps of: a. regulating the reaction severity within each reaction zone; b. controlling such regulation in response to a regulatable set point signal for each reaction zone; c. analyzing the effluent of the downstream reaction zone to produce a signal responsive to the character of said effluent; d. determining a performance index output signal from the signal derived from step (c); e. optimizing the performance of said reaction zones by analyzing the output signal derived from step (d) and determining a first output signal necessary to approach an optimum performance of said reaction zones; f. determining a second output signal corresponding to a desired conversion level of said reaction zones; and, g. summing each of the first output signals with the second output signal to thereby generate each aforesaid regulatable set point signal.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 6 wherein the performance index output signal is comprised of a function of:
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 6 wherein the second output signal of step (f) is derived from the conversion level determined by a function of:
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 6 wherein the second output signal of step (f) is derived from the conversion level determined by the octane rating of said effluent.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 6 wherein said reaction severity is regulated by regulating the heat input to each reaction zone.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
96 words
In the process of dehydrogenating ethylbenzene wherein ethylbenzene admixed with steam is passed through at least two catalytic reaction zones and a total effluent including the desirable product styrene, the less desirable products of benzene and toluene, and unreacted ethylbenzene is discharged of benzene therefrom, a method of controlling such process which comprises the steps of: a. regulating the reaction severity within each catalytic reaction zone; b. controlling such regulation in response to a regulatable set point signal for each reaction zone; c. analyzing the effluent of the downstream reaction zone to produce signals responsive to:
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
96 words
In the process of dehydrogenating ethylbenzene wherein ethylbenzene admixed with steam is passed through at least two catalytic reaction zones and a total effluent including the desirable product styrene, the less desirable products of benzene and toluene, and unreacted ethylbenzene is discharged of benzene therefrom, a method of controlling such process which comprises the steps of: a. regulating the reaction severity within each catalytic reaction zone; b. controlling such regulation in response to a regulatable set point signal for each reaction zone; c. analyzing the effluent of the downstream reaction zone to produce signals responsive to:
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 11 wherein step (a) includes regulating the input of superheated steam to said reaction zones.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
82 words
In the process of reforming hydrocarbon charge stock, wherein the hydrocarbon charge stock is passed through at least two catalytic reaction zones and a total product effluent is discharged therefrom, a method of controlling such process which comprises the steps of: a. regulating the severity of reaction within each catalytic reaction zone; b. controlling such regulation in response to a regulatable set point signal for each reaction zone; c. analyzing the effluent of the downstream reaction zone to produce signals responsive to:
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
82 words
In the process of reforming hydrocarbon charge stock, wherein the hydrocarbon charge stock is passed through at least two catalytic reaction zones and a total product effluent is discharged therefrom, a method of controlling such process which comprises the steps of: a. regulating the severity of reaction within each catalytic reaction zone; b. controlling such regulation in response to a regulatable set point signal for each reaction zone; c. analyzing the effluent of the downstream reaction zone to produce signals responsive to:
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process according to claim 13 wherein the severity of reaction is regulated by regulating the heat input to said reaction zones.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-09-17 | 1977-03-19 | 1977-09-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-09-17 | 1981-03-19 | 1981-09-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-09-17 | 1985-03-19 | 1985-09-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |