US3747100A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Apparatus for identifying main lobe responses
Assignee: United States Department of the Navy
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Filing: 1970-07-30
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Granted: 1973-07-17
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Expires: 1990-07-30
Abstract
Abstract Apparatus for instantaneously determining whether the angle of arrival of a signal is within an antenna main lobe or within a side lobe, which utilizes a high gain, highly directive antenna and a low gain, broad pattern antenna, in combination with a local oscillator, limiting amplifiers and a phase sensitive detector. The antennae are mounted so that their centers of radiation are coaxial and on a plane perpendicular to the axes of their respective main receiving lobes.
Inventors
- 👤 J Gulick
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 23:39
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01S; G01S7/00; G01S7/02; G01S7/28; G01S7/2813; G01S13/00; G01S13/74; G01S13/76; G01S13/762
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 7
Claim 1
Independent Claim
222 words
In an antenna receiving system, the combination comprising: a first antenna exhibiting a relatively high gain, highly directive receiving pattern, said receiving pattern comprising a high sensitivity main receiving lobe and a plurality of side lobes of lesser sensitivity; a second antenna exhibiting a relatively low gain, broad receiving pattern, said second antenna receiving pattern being composed of a single main receiving lobe of greater sensitivity than that of said side lobes of said first antenna but of lesser sensitivity than that of said main receiving lobe of said first antenna, said first and second antennae being so oriented with respect to each other that their centers of radiation are coaxial and on a plane perpendicular to the axes of their main receiving lobes; and means for combining the outputs of said first and second antennae to produce a first signal representative of the sum of said antennae outputs and a second signal representative of the difference of said antennae outputs, whereby said first signal will be in electrical phase with said second signal when said incoming signals are being received by said main lobe of said first antenna and said first signal will be out of electrical phase with said second signal when said incoming signals are being received by one of said plurality of side lobes of said first antenna.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
222 words
In an antenna receiving system, the combination comprising: a first antenna exhibiting a relatively high gain, highly directive receiving pattern, said receiving pattern comprising a high sensitivity main receiving lobe and a plurality of side lobes of lesser sensitivity; a second antenna exhibiting a relatively low gain, broad receiving pattern, said second antenna receiving pattern being composed of a single main receiving lobe of greater sensitivity than that of said side lobes of said first antenna but of lesser sensitivity than that of said main receiving lobe of said first antenna, said first and second antennae being so oriented with respect to each other that their centers of radiation are coaxial and on a plane perpendicular to the axes of their main receiving lobes; and means for combining the outputs of said first and second antennae to produce a first signal representative of the sum of said antennae outputs and a second signal representative of the difference of said antennae outputs, whereby said first signal will be in electrical phase with said second signal when said incoming signals are being received by said main lobe of said first antenna and said first signal will be out of electrical phase with said second signal when said incoming signals are being received by one of said plurality of side lobes of said first antenna.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
The antenna receiving system of claim 1 wherein said combining means is a sum and difference network.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
36 words
The antenna receiving system of claim 2 further comprising means for receiving said sum and difference signals and thereupon indicating when said sum and difference signals are in phase and when they are out of phase.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
56 words
The antenna receiving system of claim 3 wherein said indicating means is a phase sensitive detector which emits a first pulse of one polarity which indicates an in-phase relationship between said sum and said difference signals and a second pulse of the opposite polarity when said sum and said difference signals are in an out-of-phase relationship.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
57 words
The antenna receiving system of claim 4 further comprising means connected between the output of said sum and difference amplifier and the input of said phase sensitive detector for limiting the amplitude of said sum signal and said difference signal, thereby allowing the output of said phase sensitive detector to be independent of said received signal amplitude.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
37 words
The antenna receiving system of claim 5 wherein said limiting means is a pair of limiting amplifiers, one amplifier of said pair being connected to receive said sum signal and the other to receive the difference signal.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-07-16 | 1977-01-15 | 1977-07-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-07-16 | 1981-01-15 | 1981-07-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-07-16 | 1985-01-15 | 1985-07-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |