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US3746873A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Anti-condensation device for infra-red detector

Assignee: RCA Corp
•
Filing: 1970-12-24
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Granted: 1973-07-17
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Expires: 1990-12-24
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Abstract

Abstract An infra-red (IR) detector operating in ambient temperatures in the range of 4* to 200* Kelvin, and pressures in the range of 10 2 to 10 12 mm Hg is provided with a trap for preventing condensation and thus icing of water molecules in the infra-red (IR) optical path that may be present in or near the detector or icing of water molecules which may emerge from the surface of the components adjacent to the detector owing to the ambient low pressures. The detector is mounted within a two-piece cylindrical shield around the IR-path arranged in coaxial spaced relation. The clearance space between the shield pieces defined by the overlapping open ends of the cylinders is less than the mean free path of water molecules at the ambient pressure which is less than 10 microns for orbiting satellites. The outer shield is kept at a temperature that is greater than the vapor condensation or crystallization temperature while the inner shield, insulated from the outer shield, is kept at a temperature that is less than the vapor condensation or crystallization temperature. Water vapor or other vaporizable contaminants that would tend to leak into the portion of the inner shield adjacent to the detector surface are condensed or crystallized at the surface of the inlet portion of the space and thus precludes such vapors from being deposited on the operating portions of the detector disposed within the inner shield. Although water vapor is the more troublesome volatile vapor that is removed from the sensor chamber, oils, alcohols, and various synthetic polymers are also removed precluding contaminant deposition in the sensor chamber.

Inventors

  • 👤 R Williams

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-30 17:30
CPC Classifications
H; H10; H10F; H10F77/00; H10F77/60; G; G01; G01J; G01J5/00; G01J5/02; G01J5/06; G01J5/061; H10F77/50

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim 80 words
An apparatus having an enclosure, a radiation sensor in said enclosure, a passageway through the walls of said enclosure for the passage of contaminant vapors, the spacing of said passageway being less than the mean free path of said vapors, means by which the surfaces adjacent said passageway are cooled at a temperature below the condensation and crystallization temperature of said vapors so that vapors are crystallized or condensed on said surface and are prevented thereby from entering said passageway.
Claim 2
Independent Claim 80 words
An apparatus having an enclosure, a radiation sensor in said enclosure, a passageway through the walls of said enclosure for the passage of contaminant vapors, the spacing of said passageway being less than the mean free path of said vapors, means by which the surfaces adjacent said passageway are cooled at a temperature below the condensation and crystallization temperature of said vapors so that vapors are crystallized or condensed on said surface and are prevented thereby from entering said passageway.
Claim 3
Independent Claim 134 words
An apparatus for detecting radiation from an object in the presence of volatile material in a cold ambient comprising: a. a radiation detector disposed in the path of radiation; b. a generally elongated cylindrical shield surrounding the radiatiOn path adjacent the detector; c. a window transparent to the radiation closing off said shield; d. an annular clearance in said shield; e. said clearance having a dimension less than the mean free path of molecules of the vapor of said volatile material at the ambient conditions; f. said shield being adapted to be temperature controlled so that the temperature adjacent said annular clearance is less than the crystallization and condensation temperature of said volatile material, and the temperature remote from said annular clearance is greater than the crystallization and condensation temperature of said volatile material.
Claim 4
Independent Claim 134 words
An apparatus for detecting radiation from an object in the presence of volatile material in a cold ambient comprising: a. a radiation detector disposed in the path of radiation; b. a generally elongated cylindrical shield surrounding the radiatiOn path adjacent the detector; c. a window transparent to the radiation closing off said shield; d. an annular clearance in said shield; e. said clearance having a dimension less than the mean free path of molecules of the vapor of said volatile material at the ambient conditions; f. said shield being adapted to be temperature controlled so that the temperature adjacent said annular clearance is less than the crystallization and condensation temperature of said volatile material, and the temperature remote from said annular clearance is greater than the crystallization and condensation temperature of said volatile material.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 13 words
An apparatus according to claim 2 wherein said detector is an infra-red detector.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 29 words
An apparatus according to claim 3 wherein said shield is formed of a pair of coaxial cylinders, one extending over the other and spaced to define said annular clearance.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 13 words
An apparatus according to claim 3 wherein said shield is coated with gold.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 20 words
An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said contaminant vapors comprise the class including water, oil, polymers, alcohol and esters.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 45 words
An apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said annular clearance is less than one meter, the temperature of the ambient being in the range of 4* to 200* K, and the pressure being in the range of 10 2 to 10 12 mm of Hg.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 26 words
An apparatus according to claim 4 further including means for controlling the relative temperatures of said coaxial cylinders including cooling means connected to the innermost cylinder.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 28 words
An apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said cylinders are adapted for longitudinal movement for selectable adjustment of the relative overlap of said cylinders to focus said detector.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US3258602A Cited
US3149231A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1976-07-16 1977-01-15 1977-07-17 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1980-07-16 1981-01-15 1981-07-17 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1984-07-16 1985-01-15 1985-07-17 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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