US3740315A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Process for the reaction and separation of components utilizing a liquid surfactant membrane and an enzyme catalyst
Assignee: ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
•
Filing: 1971-05-07
•
Granted: 1973-06-19
•
Expires: 1991-05-07
Abstract
Abstract Components of a feedstream are reacted and separated by a liquid membrane process which utilizes an enzyme as the catalyst for the reaction. The enzyme may be present in the feedstream, solvent, or liquid membrane phase; preferably the enzyme will be in an aqueous phase. In a preferred embodiment, an aqueous feedstream, containing phenol, is contacted with a liquid surfactant membrane comprising a high molecular weight isoparaffin and sorbitan monooleate surrounding an aqueous interior phase comprising polyphenol oxidase, whereby the phenol permeates the liquid surfactant membrane and is oxidized in the interior phase.
Inventors
- 👤 N Edison
- 👤 R Mohan
- 👤 D Brusca
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 14:56
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D61/00; B01D61/38; B01D61/40; C; C12; C12P; C12P1/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 59
Claim 1
Independent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 1 wherein steps (b) and (c), together, comprise emulsifying said solvent in said liquid surfactant membrane mixture.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the liquid surfactant membrane comprises from about 0.1 to 90 percent by weight of a surfactant.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 3 wherein the liquid surfactant membrane is nonaqueous.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 4 wherein said enzyme catalyst is water soluble.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 4 wherein said surfactant is sorbitan monooleate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 5 wherein said feedstream is a waste water stream said desired component is phenol, and said enzyme catalyst comprises mushroom polyphenol oxidase.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 5 wherein said feedstream comprises a waste water stream, said desired component is a nitrate, and said enzyme catalyst comprises nitrate reductase.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 3 wherein the liquid surfactant membrane is aqueous.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 9 wherein said surfactant is saponin.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
119 words
A process for reacting at least one component of a feedstream by coNtacting said component with an enzyme catalyst whereby said component is reacted, and separating at least one of said reacted components by permeation through a liquid surfactant membrane, which comprises (a) mixing a feedstream with an enzyme which selectively catalyzes reaction of at least one of the feedstream components, (b) forming droplets of the aforesaid mixture, (c) coating said droplets with a liquid surfactant membrane, which is permeable to at least one of said reacted components and which comprises a surfactant, and (d) contacting said coated droplets with a solvent whereby at least one of said reacted components permeates through the liquid surfactant membrane into said solvent.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 11 wherein steps (b) and (c), together, comprise emulsifying said feedstream in said liquid surfactant membrane mixture.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the liquid surfactant membrane comprises from about 0.1 to 90 percent by weight of a surfactant.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 13 wherein the liquid surfactant membrane is nonaqueous.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 14 wherein said enzyme catalyst is water soluble.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 14 wherein said surfactant is sorbitan monooleate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 15 wherein said feedstream is aqueous, said desired component is phenol, and said enzyme catalyst comprises mushroom polyphenol oxidase.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 15 wherein said feedstream is aqueous, said desired component is a nitrate, and said enzyme catalyst comprises nitrate reductase.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the liquid surfactant membrane is aqueous.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 19 wherein said surfactant is saponin.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
133 words
A process for separating at least one reaction product of a process wherein a feedstream is contacted with an enzyme catalyst which selectively catalyzes the reaction of at least one component of said feedstream which comprises (a) forming droplets of said feedstream, (b) coating said droplets with a liquid surfactant membrane, said membrane comprising a surfactant and an enzyme catalyst which is a catalyst for the reaction of at least one component of said feedstream, and said membrane being permeable to at least one of said feedstream components, and (c) contacting said coated droplets with a solvent, whereby at least one component of said feedstream permeates into said liquid surfactant membrane where it is contacted with an enzyme and reacted, and whereby at least one of said reacted components permeates into said solvent.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 21 wherein steps (a) and (b), together, comprise emulsifying said feedstream in an enzyme containing liquid surfactant membrane mixture.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 22 wherein the liquid surfactant membrane comprises from about 0.1 to 90 percent by weight of a surfactant.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 23 wherein the liquid surfactant membrane is nonaqueous.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 24 wherein said enzyme catalyst is water soluble.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 24 wherein said surfactant is sorbitan monooleate.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 25 wherein said feedstream is aqueous, said desired component is phenol, and said enzyme catalyst comprises mushroom polyphenol oxidase.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 25 wherein said feedstream is aqueous, said desired component is a nitrate, and said enzyme catalyst comprises nitrate reductase.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 23 wherein the liquid surfactant membrane is aqueous.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 29 wherein said surfactant is saponin.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
121 words
A process for separating at least one component of a feedstream by permeation through a liquid surfactant membrane, and reacting at least one of said separated components which comprises, (a) forming droplets of said feedstream, (b) coating said droplets with a liquid surfactant membrane which is permeable to at least one component of said feedstream and which comprises a surfactant, and (c) contacting said feedstream with a solvent which selectively Solubilizes at least one of said permeable components, and said solvent further comprising an enzyme catalyst which selectively catalyzes the reaction of at least one of said solubilized, permeable components, whereby at least one component of said feedstream permeates the liquid surfactant membrane and is reacted by contacting with said enzyme.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 31 wherein steps (a) and (b), together, comprise emulsifying said feedstream in a liquid surfactant membrane mixture.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 31 wherein the liquid surfactant membrane comprises from about 0.1 to 90 percent by weight of a surfactant.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 33 wherein the liquid surfactant membrane is nonaqueous.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 34 wherein said enzyme catalyst is water soluble.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 34 wherein said surfactant is sorbitan monooleate.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 35 wherein said feedstream is aqueous, said desired component is phenol, and said enzyme catalyst comprises mushroom polyphenol oxidase.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 35 wherein said feedstream is aqueous, said desired component is a nitrate, and said enzyme catalyst comprises nitrate reductase.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 33 wherein the liquid surfactant membrane is aqueous.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 39 wherein said surfactant is saponin.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
126 words
A process for reacting at least one component of a feedstream by contacting said component with an enzyme catalyst whereby said component is reacted, and separating at least one of said reacted components by permeation through a liquid surfactant membrane, which comprises (a) forming droplets of a solvent which selectively solubilizes at least one of said reacted components, (b) coating said droplets with a liquid surfactant membrane which is permeable to at least one of said reacted components, and (c) contacting said coated droplets with a mixture comprising said feedstream and said enzyme, said enzyme being a catalyst for the reaction of at least one of said feedstream components, whereby at least one of said reacted components permeates through said liquid surfactant membrane into said solvent.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 41 wherein steps (a) and (b), together, comprise emulsifying said solvent in a liquid surfactant membrane mixture.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 41 wherein the liquid surfactant membrane comprises from about 0.1 to 90 percent by weight of a surfactant.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 43 wherein the liquid surfactant membrane is nonaqueous.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 44 wherein said enzyme catalyst is water soluble.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 44 wherein said surfactant is sorbitan monooleate.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 45 wherein said feedstream is aqueous, said desired component is phenol, and said enzyme catalyst comprises mushroom polyphenol oxidase.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 45 wherein said feedstream is aqueous, said desired component is a nitrate, and said enzyme catalyst comprises nitrate reductase.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 43 wherein the liquid surfactant membrane is aqueous.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 49 wherein said surfactant is saponin.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
144 words
A process for separating at least one reaction product of a process wherein a feedstream is contacted with an enzyme catalyst which selectively catalyzes the reaction of at least one component of said feedstream which comprises (a) forming droplets of a solvent which is selectively soluble for at least one of said reacted components, (b) coating said solvent with a liquid surfactant membrane, said membrane being permeable to at least one component of said feedstream and said liquid surfactant membrane further comprising an enzyme which is a catalyst for the reaction of at least one of said permeable components, and (c) contacting said coated droplets with said feedstream whereby at least one component of said feedstream permeates into said liquid surfactant membrane where it is contacted with an enzyme and reacted, and whereby at least one of said reacTed components permeates into said solvent.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 51 wherein steps (a) and (b), together, comprise emulsifying said feedstream in an enzyme containing liquid surfactant membrane mixture.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 51 wherein the liquid surfactant membrane comprises from about 0.1 to 90 percent by weight of a surfactant.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 53 wherein the liquid surfactant membrane is nonaqueous.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 54 wherein said enzyme catalyst is water soluble.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 54 wherein said surfactant is sorbitan monooleate.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 55 wherein said feedstream is aqueous, said desired component is phenol, and said enzyme catalyst comprises mushroom polyphenol oxidase.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 55 wherein said feedstream is aqueous, said desired component is a nitrate, and said enzyme catalyst comprises nitrate reductase.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 53 wherein the liquid surfactant membrane is aqueous.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
10 words
The process of claim 59 wherein said surfactant is saponin.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3389078A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-06-18 | 1976-12-18 | 1977-06-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-06-18 | 1980-12-18 | 1981-06-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-06-18 | 1984-12-18 | 1985-06-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |