US3737975A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Arrangement for explosively formed connections and method of making such connections
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1970-07-15
•
Granted: 1973-06-12
•
Expires: 1990-07-15
Abstract
Abstract An arrangement (method and apparatus) for attaching together ribbed concrete reinforcing bars or the like in which the bar ends are inserted into a sleeve circumscribed by an explosive, such arrangement including means for confining the explosive and a damping material. The assembly is positioned in a protective shield or casing and, upon detonation, completes the joint by deforming the sleeve inwardly to grip the ribs on the bars. Provision can be made to join bars of unequal diameters or to provide for relative movement between the bars after joining.
Inventors
- 👤 Kinnon C Mc
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 23:59
CPC Classifications
B; B21; B21D; B21D26/00; B21D26/02; B21D26/06; B21D26/08; B21D39/00; B21D39/04; B21D39/042; B23; B23K; B23K20/00; B23K20/06; B23K20/08; B23K20/085; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T29/00; Y10T29/49; Y10T29/49805; Y10T29/49826; Y10T29/49908; Y10T29/49925; Y10T29/49927; Y10T29/49929; Y10T403/00; Y10T403/29; Y10T403/291; Y10T403/45; Y10T403/49; Y10T403/4966; Y10T403/57; Y10T403/5746; Y10T403/61
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 42
Claim 1
Independent Claim
182 words
That method of forming a load-transmitting joint with a ribbed concrete reinforcing bar or the like, which comprises enclosing an end of said bar in a section of a load-transmitting sleeve, enclosing said sleeve section in a layer of explosive material generating sufficient explosive energy to deform plastically and contract said sleeve section into contact with said bar end between the ribs thereof for interengagement of the sleeve and the bar in a load-transmitting joint, enclosing said explosive material layer in a layer of frangible material adapted to confine and attenuate the explosive energy and reduce the explosion noise level, while being fractured by the explosion sufficiently to enable ready removal thereof from the formed joint, said frangible material layer including a metal jacket enclosed by a damping material sleeve, detonating said explosive material, whereby a completed loadtransmitting bar and sleeve joint is formed while the frangible material layer confines and attenuates the explosive energy and reduces the explosion noise level and also is fractured sufficiently for removal from the formed joint, and separating said fractured frangible material layer from said joint.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
182 words
That method of forming a load-transmitting joint with a ribbed concrete reinforcing bar or the like, which comprises enclosing an end of said bar in a section of a load-transmitting sleeve, enclosing said sleeve section in a layer of explosive material generating sufficient explosive energy to deform plastically and contract said sleeve section into contact with said bar end between the ribs thereof for interengagement of the sleeve and the bar in a load-transmitting joint, enclosing said explosive material layer in a layer of frangible material adapted to confine and attenuate the explosive energy and reduce the explosion noise level, while being fractured by the explosion sufficiently to enable ready removal thereof from the formed joint, said frangible material layer including a metal jacket enclosed by a damping material sleeve, detonating said explosive material, whereby a completed loadtransmitting bar and sleeve joint is formed while the frangible material layer confines and attenuates the explosive energy and reduces the explosion noise level and also is fractured sufficiently for removal from the formed joint, and separating said fractured frangible material layer from said joint.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1 employing a steel load-transmitting sleeve and a secondary high explosive material.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of claim 2 employing a heavy metal powder admixed with the explosive material for confining the explosive energy and reducing the detonation velocity of the explosive material.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 1 employing a steel load-transmitting sleeve, and employing a ferrous metal jacket as said jacket.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1 employing a steel load-transmitting sleeve, and employing a concrete sleeve as said damping material sleeve.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
77 words
The method of claim 1 wherein respective ends of two of said bars are inserted in opposite ends and in adjoining sections of said sleeve, and said sleeve sections are enclosed in said explosive material layer and said frangible material layer, for forming a completed load-transmitting joint comprising said bar ends having said sleeve sections deformed and contracted into contact therewith between the ribs thereof to interengage the sleeve and the bars, upon detonating said explosive material.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
205 words
That method of forming a load-transmitting joint with a ribbed concrete reinforcing bar or the like, which comprises enclosing an end of said bar in a section of a load-transmitting sleeve, enclosing said sleeve section in a layer of explosive material generating sufficient explosive energy to deform plastically and contract said sleeve seCtion into contact with said bar end between the ribs thereof for interengagement of the sleeve and the bar in a load-transmitting joint, enclosing said explosive material layer in a layer of frangible material adapted to confine and attenuate the explosive energy and reduce the explosion noise level, while being fractured by the explosion sufficiently to enable ready removal thereof from the formed joint, said frangible material layer including a metal jacket enclosed by a damping material sleeve, removably enclosing said frangible material layer in a protective shield adapted to contain explosively propelled fragments of said frangible material, detonating said explosive material, whereby a completed load-transmitting bar and sleeve joint is formed while the frangible material layer confines and attenuates the explosive energy and reduces the explosion noise level and also is fractured sufficiently for removal from the formed joint, and separating said fractured frangible material layer and said shield from said joint.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
205 words
That method of forming a load-transmitting joint with a ribbed concrete reinforcing bar or the like, which comprises enclosing an end of said bar in a section of a load-transmitting sleeve, enclosing said sleeve section in a layer of explosive material generating sufficient explosive energy to deform plastically and contract said sleeve seCtion into contact with said bar end between the ribs thereof for interengagement of the sleeve and the bar in a load-transmitting joint, enclosing said explosive material layer in a layer of frangible material adapted to confine and attenuate the explosive energy and reduce the explosion noise level, while being fractured by the explosion sufficiently to enable ready removal thereof from the formed joint, said frangible material layer including a metal jacket enclosed by a damping material sleeve, removably enclosing said frangible material layer in a protective shield adapted to contain explosively propelled fragments of said frangible material, detonating said explosive material, whereby a completed load-transmitting bar and sleeve joint is formed while the frangible material layer confines and attenuates the explosive energy and reduces the explosion noise level and also is fractured sufficiently for removal from the formed joint, and separating said fractured frangible material layer and said shield from said joint.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of claim 7 employing a steel load-transmitting sleeve, employing a ferrous metal jacket as said jacket sleeve as said layer of frangible material, and employing a steel casing as said protective shield.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 8 employing a secondary high explosive material.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
77 words
The method of claim 9 wherein respective ends of two of said bars are inserted in opposite ends and in adjoining sections of said sleeve, and said sleeve sections are enclosed in said explosive material layer and said frangible material layer, for forming a completed load-transmitting joint comprising said bar ends having said sleeve sections deformed and contracted into contact therewith between the ribs thereof to interengage the sleeve and the bars, upon detonating said explosive material.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
183 words
An apparatus adapted to form a load-transmitting joint with a ribbed concrete reinforcing bar or the like, and comprising a load-transmitting sleeve having a section adapted to enclose an end of said bar therein, a layer of explosive material enclosing said sleeve section, said explosive material generating sufficient explosive energy to deform plastically and contract said sleeve section into contact with said bar and between the ribs thereof for interengagement of the sleeve and the bar in a load-transmitting joint, and a layer of frangible material enclosing said explosive material layer, said frangible material layer being adapted to confine and attenuate the explosive energy and reduce the explosion noise level, while being fractured by the explosion sufficiently to enable ready removal thereof from the formed joint, said frangible material layer including a metal jacket enclosed by a damping material sleeve, whereby upon detonating said explosive material, a completed load-transmitting bar and sleeve joint is formed while the frangible material layer confines and attenuates the explosive energy and reduces the explosion noise level and also is fractured sufficiently for removal from the formed joint.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
183 words
An apparatus adapted to form a load-transmitting joint with a ribbed concrete reinforcing bar or the like, and comprising a load-transmitting sleeve having a section adapted to enclose an end of said bar therein, a layer of explosive material enclosing said sleeve section, said explosive material generating sufficient explosive energy to deform plastically and contract said sleeve section into contact with said bar and between the ribs thereof for interengagement of the sleeve and the bar in a load-transmitting joint, and a layer of frangible material enclosing said explosive material layer, said frangible material layer being adapted to confine and attenuate the explosive energy and reduce the explosion noise level, while being fractured by the explosion sufficiently to enable ready removal thereof from the formed joint, said frangible material layer including a metal jacket enclosed by a damping material sleeve, whereby upon detonating said explosive material, a completed load-transmitting bar and sleeve joint is formed while the frangible material layer confines and attenuates the explosive energy and reduces the explosion noise level and also is fractured sufficiently for removal from the formed joint.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said load-transmitting sleeve is a steel sleeve, and said explosive material is a secondary high explosive material.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
30 words
The apparatus of claim 12 wherein a heavy metal powder is admixed with the explosive material for confining the explosive energy and reducing the detonation velocity of the explosive material.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
20 words
The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said load-transmitting sleeve is a steel sleeve, and said jacket is a steel jacket.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
11 words
The apparatus of claim 14 wherein said damping material is concrete.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
74 words
The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said sleeve has adjoining sections adapted to enclose abutting ends of two of said bars therein, and said sleeve sections are enclosed in said explosive material layer and said frangible material layer, for forming a completed load-transmitting joint comprising said bar ends having said sleeve sections deformed and contracted into contact therewith between the ribs thereof to interengage the sleeve and the bars, upon detonating said explosive material.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
205 words
An apparatus adapted to form a load-transmitting joint with a ribbed concrete reinforcing bar or the like, and comprising a load-transmitting sleeve having a section adapted to enclose an end of said bar therein, a layer of explosive material enclosing said sleeve section, said explosive material generating sufficient explosive energy to deform plastically and contract said sleeve section into contact with said bar end between the ribs thereof for interengagement of the sleeve and the bar in a load-transmitting joint, a layer of frangible material enclosing said explosive material layer, said frangible material layer being adapted to confine and attenuate the explosive energy and reduce the explosion noise level, while being fractured by the explosion sufficiently to enable ready removal thereof from the formed joint, said frangible material layer including a metal jacket enclosed by a damping material sleeve, and a protective shield removably enclosing said frangible material layer, said shield being adapted to contain explosively propelled fragments of said frangible material, whereby upon detonating said explosive material, a completed load-transmitting bar and sleeve joint is formed while the frangible material layer confines and attenuates the explosive energy and reduces the explosion noise level and also is fractured sufficiently for removal from the formed joint.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
205 words
An apparatus adapted to form a load-transmitting joint with a ribbed concrete reinforcing bar or the like, and comprising a load-transmitting sleeve having a section adapted to enclose an end of said bar therein, a layer of explosive material enclosing said sleeve section, said explosive material generating sufficient explosive energy to deform plastically and contract said sleeve section into contact with said bar end between the ribs thereof for interengagement of the sleeve and the bar in a load-transmitting joint, a layer of frangible material enclosing said explosive material layer, said frangible material layer being adapted to confine and attenuate the explosive energy and reduce the explosion noise level, while being fractured by the explosion sufficiently to enable ready removal thereof from the formed joint, said frangible material layer including a metal jacket enclosed by a damping material sleeve, and a protective shield removably enclosing said frangible material layer, said shield being adapted to contain explosively propelled fragments of said frangible material, whereby upon detonating said explosive material, a completed load-transmitting bar and sleeve joint is formed while the frangible material layer confines and attenuates the explosive energy and reduces the explosion noise level and also is fractured sufficiently for removal from the formed joint.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
33 words
The apparatus of claim 17 wherein said load-transmitting sleeve is a steel sleeve, said jacket is a steel jacket enclosed by a damping material sleeve, and said protective shield is a steel casing.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
15 words
The apparatus of claim 18 wherein said explosive material is a secondary high explosive material.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
62 words
The apparatus of claim 19 wherein said sleeve has adjoining sections adapted to sections are enclosed in said explosive material layer and said frangible material layer, for forming a completed load-transmitting joint comprising said bar ends having said sleeve sections deformed and contracted into contact therewith between the ribs thereof to interengage the sleeve and the bars, upon detonating said explosive material.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
11 words
The apparatus of claim 20 wherein said damping material is concrete.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
35 words
The apparatus of claim 11 and wherein the layer of frangible material includes an inwardly directed flange portion which extends around certain contiguous terminal ends of said sleeve section and the layer of explosive material.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
273 words
An apparatus adapted to form a load-transmitting joint with a ribbed concrete reinforcing bar or the like, and comprising a load-transmitting sleeve having a section adapted to enclose an end of said bar therein, a tubular layer of secondary high explosive material enclosing said sleeve section, said explosive material generating sufficient explosive energy to deform plastically and contract said sleeve section into contact with said bar end between the ribs thereof for interengagement of the sleeve and the bar in a load-transmitting joint, an initiator train contiguous to one terminal end of said explosive material layer, a detonator contiguous to said initiator train, said detonator being actuatable to initiate successive detonation of said initiator train and said explosive material, a tubular layer of frangible material enclosing said explosive material layer, said initiator train and said detonator, said frangible material layer being of such rigidity as to resist deformation by the explosive energy to the end that it is adapted to confine and attenuate the explosive energy and reduce the explosion noise level, while being fractured by the explosion sufficiently to enable ready removal thereof from the formed joint, said sleeve, explosive material layer, and frangible material layer being disposed in juxtaposed relationship, and a tubular protective shield removabLy enclosing said frangible material layer, said shield being adapted to contain explosively propelled fragments of said frangible material, whereby upon actuating said detonator to detonate said explosive material, a completed load-transmitting bar and sleeve joint is formed while the frangible material layer confines and attenuates the explosive energy and reduces the explosion noise level and also is fractured sufficiently for removal from the formed joint.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
273 words
An apparatus adapted to form a load-transmitting joint with a ribbed concrete reinforcing bar or the like, and comprising a load-transmitting sleeve having a section adapted to enclose an end of said bar therein, a tubular layer of secondary high explosive material enclosing said sleeve section, said explosive material generating sufficient explosive energy to deform plastically and contract said sleeve section into contact with said bar end between the ribs thereof for interengagement of the sleeve and the bar in a load-transmitting joint, an initiator train contiguous to one terminal end of said explosive material layer, a detonator contiguous to said initiator train, said detonator being actuatable to initiate successive detonation of said initiator train and said explosive material, a tubular layer of frangible material enclosing said explosive material layer, said initiator train and said detonator, said frangible material layer being of such rigidity as to resist deformation by the explosive energy to the end that it is adapted to confine and attenuate the explosive energy and reduce the explosion noise level, while being fractured by the explosion sufficiently to enable ready removal thereof from the formed joint, said sleeve, explosive material layer, and frangible material layer being disposed in juxtaposed relationship, and a tubular protective shield removabLy enclosing said frangible material layer, said shield being adapted to contain explosively propelled fragments of said frangible material, whereby upon actuating said detonator to detonate said explosive material, a completed load-transmitting bar and sleeve joint is formed while the frangible material layer confines and attenuates the explosive energy and reduces the explosion noise level and also is fractured sufficiently for removal from the formed joint.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
43 words
The apparatus of claim 23 and wherein the tubular layer of frangible material embodies an inwardly directed radial flange portion which extends around the terminal ends of said sleeve section and explosive material layer opposite to said one terminal end of the latter.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
38 words
The apparatus of claim 23 and wherein the tubular protective shield comprises a casing having door means extending the length thereof and adapted for passing said bar to the exterior of the shield after formation of said joint.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
63 words
The apparatus of claim 25 and including a closure means associated with each of the opposite ends of said casing and having formed therein a central opening adapted to receive a bar the end portion of which is to be enclosed by said sleeve, and means for removably mounting said closure means on said casing ends so as to withstand the explosive forces.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
185 words
That method of forming a load-transmitting joint with a ribbed concrete reinforcing bar or the like, which comprises enclosing an end of said bar in a section of a load-transmitting sleeve, enclosing said sleeve section in a layer of explosive material generating sufficient explosive energy to deform plastically and contract said sleeve section into contact with said bar end between the ribs thereof for interengagement of the sleeve and the bar in a load-transmitting joint, enclosing said explosive material layer in a layer of frangible material of such rigidity as to resist deformation by the explosive energy to the end that it is adapted to confine and attenuate the explosive energy and reduce the explosion noise level, while being fractured by the explosion sufficiently to enable ready removal thereof from the formed joint, detonating said explosive material, whereby a completed load-transmitting bar and sleeve joint is formed while the frangible material layer confines and attenuates the explosive energy and reduces the explosion noise level and also is fractured sufficiently for removal from the formed joint, and separating said fractured frangible material layer from said joint.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
185 words
That method of forming a load-transmitting joint with a ribbed concrete reinforcing bar or the like, which comprises enclosing an end of said bar in a section of a load-transmitting sleeve, enclosing said sleeve section in a layer of explosive material generating sufficient explosive energy to deform plastically and contract said sleeve section into contact with said bar end between the ribs thereof for interengagement of the sleeve and the bar in a load-transmitting joint, enclosing said explosive material layer in a layer of frangible material of such rigidity as to resist deformation by the explosive energy to the end that it is adapted to confine and attenuate the explosive energy and reduce the explosion noise level, while being fractured by the explosion sufficiently to enable ready removal thereof from the formed joint, detonating said explosive material, whereby a completed load-transmitting bar and sleeve joint is formed while the frangible material layer confines and attenuates the explosive energy and reduces the explosion noise level and also is fractured sufficiently for removal from the formed joint, and separating said fractured frangible material layer from said joint.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 26 employing a steel load-transmitting sleeve, and employing a ferrous metal jacket as said layer of frangible material.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
45 words
The method of claim 26 including the steps of removably enclosing said frangible material layer in a protective shield adapted to contain explosively propelled fragments of said frangible material, and separating both said fractured frangible material layer and said shield from said joint following detonation.
Claim 36
Independent Claim
186 words
An apparatus adapted to form a load-transmitting joint with a ribbed concrete reinforcing bar or the like, and comprising a load-transmitting sleeve having a section adapted to enclose an end of said bar therein, a layer of explosive material enclosing said sleeve section, said explosive material generating sufficient explosive energy to deform plastically and contract said sleeve section into contact with said bar end between the ribs thereof for interengagement of the sleeve and the bar in a load-transmitting joint, and a layer of frangible material enclosing said explosive material layer, said frangible material layer being of such rigidity as to resist deformation by the explosive energy to the end that it is adapted to confine and attenuate the explosive energy and reduce the explosion noise level, while being fractured by the explosion sufficiently to enable ready removal thereof from the formed joint, whereby upon detonating saiD explosive material, a completed load-transmitting bar and sleeve joint is formed while the frangible material layer confines and attenuates the explosive energy and reduces the explosion noise level and also is fractured sufficiently for removal form the formed joint.
Claim 37
Independent Claim
186 words
An apparatus adapted to form a load-transmitting joint with a ribbed concrete reinforcing bar or the like, and comprising a load-transmitting sleeve having a section adapted to enclose an end of said bar therein, a layer of explosive material enclosing said sleeve section, said explosive material generating sufficient explosive energy to deform plastically and contract said sleeve section into contact with said bar end between the ribs thereof for interengagement of the sleeve and the bar in a load-transmitting joint, and a layer of frangible material enclosing said explosive material layer, said frangible material layer being of such rigidity as to resist deformation by the explosive energy to the end that it is adapted to confine and attenuate the explosive energy and reduce the explosion noise level, while being fractured by the explosion sufficiently to enable ready removal thereof from the formed joint, whereby upon detonating saiD explosive material, a completed load-transmitting bar and sleeve joint is formed while the frangible material layer confines and attenuates the explosive energy and reduces the explosion noise level and also is fractured sufficiently for removal form the formed joint.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
24 words
The apparatus of claim 30 wherein said load-transmitting sleeve is a steel sleeve, and said layer of frangible material comprises a ferrous metal jacket.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
58 words
The apparatus of claim 30 including a protective shield enclosing said frangible material layer, said shield being adapted to contain explosively propelled fragments of said frangible material, said shield also being adapted to be removed laterally from the formed joint, whereby both said fractured frangible material layer and said shield may be separated from said joint following detonation.
Claim 40
Independent Claim
238 words
An apparatus adapted to form a load-transmitting joint with a ribbed concrete reinforcing bar or the like, and comprising a load-transmitting sleeve having a section adapted to enclose an end of said bar therein, a tubular layer of explosive material enclosing said sleeve section, said explosive material generating sufficient explosive energy to deform plastically and contract said sleeve section into contact with said bar end between the ribs thereof for interengagement of the sleeve and the bar in a load-transmitting joint, an initiator train contiguous to said explosive material layer, a detonator contiguous to said initiator train, said detonator being actuatable to initiate successive detonation of said initiator train and said explosive material, and a tubular layer of frangible material enclosing said explosive material layer, said frangible material layer being of such rigidity as to resist deformation by the explosive energy to the end that it is adapted to confine and attenuate the explosive energy and reduce the explosion noise level, while being fractured by the explosion sufficiently to enable ready removal thereof from the formed joint, said sleeve, explosive material layer, and frangible material layer being disposed in juxtaposed relationship, whereby upon actuating said detonator to detonate said explosive material, a completed load-transmitting bar and sleeve joint is formed while the frangible material layer confines and attenuates the explosive energy and reduces the explosion noise level and also is fractured sufficiently for removal from the formed joint.
Claim 41
Independent Claim
238 words
An apparatus adapted to form a load-transmitting joint with a ribbed concrete reinforcing bar or the like, and comprising a load-transmitting sleeve having a section adapted to enclose an end of said bar therein, a tubular layer of explosive material enclosing said sleeve section, said explosive material generating sufficient explosive energy to deform plastically and contract said sleeve section into contact with said bar end between the ribs thereof for interengagement of the sleeve and the bar in a load-transmitting joint, an initiator train contiguous to said explosive material layer, a detonator contiguous to said initiator train, said detonator being actuatable to initiate successive detonation of said initiator train and said explosive material, and a tubular layer of frangible material enclosing said explosive material layer, said frangible material layer being of such rigidity as to resist deformation by the explosive energy to the end that it is adapted to confine and attenuate the explosive energy and reduce the explosion noise level, while being fractured by the explosion sufficiently to enable ready removal thereof from the formed joint, said sleeve, explosive material layer, and frangible material layer being disposed in juxtaposed relationship, whereby upon actuating said detonator to detonate said explosive material, a completed load-transmitting bar and sleeve joint is formed while the frangible material layer confines and attenuates the explosive energy and reduces the explosion noise level and also is fractured sufficiently for removal from the formed joint.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
45 words
The apparatus of claim 33 including a tubular protective shield removably enclosing said frangible material layer, said shield being adapted to contain explosively propelled fragments of said frangible material, whereby both said fractured frangible material layer and said shield may be separated from said joint.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-06-11 | 1976-12-11 | 1977-06-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-06-11 | 1980-12-11 | 1981-06-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-06-11 | 1984-12-11 | 1985-06-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |