US3725528A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Quantitative ion exchange process for clay
Assignee: Yissum Research Development Co of Hebrew University of Jerusalem
•
Filing: 1971-02-18
•
Granted: 1973-04-03
•
Expires: 1991-02-18
Abstract
Abstract A quantitative ion exchange process for preparing modified clay is disclosed. Clay such as montmorillonite is converted (1) to an acid-free hydrogen-clay by use of an anion (hydroxide) exchange resin; or (2) to another cationic form such as lithium-clay by use of an anion (hydroxide) exchange resin and an equivalent amount of the exchanging cation.
Inventors
- 👤 A Banin
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 02:12
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B33/00; C04B33/02; C04B33/04; C04B33/06; B; B01; B01J; B01J20/00; B01J20/02; B01J20/10; B01J20/12; C01; C01B; C01B33/00; C01B33/20; C01B33/26; C04B33/30; C05; C05D; C05D9/00; C05D9/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 1 which includes preparing the aqueous slurry of the acid-free hydrogen clay, contacting the clay in the slurry with the anion-exchange resin, and adding to the slurry the equivalent amount of the salt.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the cation is a monovalent metal, a divalent metal, a trivalent metal, and organic cation or mixtures thereof.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the cation is sodium, potassium, lithium, cesium, ammonium, rubidium or mixtures thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the cation is magnesium, barium, calcium, zinc, copper, manganese, cobalt or mixtures thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the cation is iron, chromium, aluminum or mixtures thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the salt is a methyl ammonium compound or a carbodiimide.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the salt is a chloride, bromide, sulfate, sulfite, acetate, phosphate, nitrate or mixtures thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the anion-exchange resin comprises quaternary ammonium active groups on a cross-linked polystyrene-divinylbenzene matrix.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the salt is added to an aqueous slurry of the clay and resin when the pH of the slurry is from about 3.0 to 3.5.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the hydrogen clay is contacted with the salt in the presence of the anion-exchange resin for a period of time of from about 5 to 60 minutes.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the cation clay is recovered when the pH of the slurry is from about 5.5 to 7.5.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the clay employed is selected from the group consisting of halloysite, illite, kaolinite, montmorillonite, polygorskite and unclassified clay of similar properties.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
40 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the anion-exchange resin is introduced in bead form in a basket into the hydrogen clay slurry, and the slurry agitated, and while agitating, an equivalent amount of the salt is added to the slurry.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
99 words
A process for producing an acid-free, salt-free, hydrogen-free cation-saturated clay, which process comprises: a. preparing an aqueous slurry of a hydrogen clay; b. contacting the hydrogen clay in the slurry with an equivalent amount of a water-soluble salt containing a metal cation to be exchanged, the contacting carried out in the presence of an anion-exchange resin in a hydroxide state to exchange quantitatively the cation of the salt for adsorbed hydrogen of the clay; c. separating the cation clay from the slurry when the pH of the solution is about 5.5 to 7.5; and d. recovering the cation clay.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
156 words
A process for producing an acid-free, salt-free, cation-saturated clay, which process comprises: a. contacting a hydrogen clay selected from the group consisting of halloysite, illite, kaolinite, montmorillonite, polygorskite and unclassified clay of similar properties in an aqueous slurry, with an equivalent amount of a water-soluble salt containing a cation to be exchanged, wherein the salt is a chloride, bromide, sulfate, sulfite, acetate, phosphate, nitrate or mixtures thereof, and where the cation is sodium, potassium, lithium, cesium, ammonium, rubidium, magnesium, barium, calcium, zinc, copper, manganese, cobalt, iron, chromium, aluminum or mixtures thereof, the contacting carried out in the presence of an anion-exchange resin in the hydroxide state for a period of time of from about 5 to 60 minutes, thereby exchanging quantitatively the cations of the salt for the adsorbed hydrogen of the clay; and b. recovering from the slurry an acid-free, salt-free, cation-saturated clay when the pH of the slurry is from about 5.5 to 7.5.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-04-02 | 1976-10-02 | 1977-04-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-04-02 | 1980-10-02 | 1981-04-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-04-02 | 1984-10-02 | 1985-04-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |