US3724951A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method and apparatus for determining radiation transmission characteristics of a generally transparent medium
Assignee: Eastman Kodak Co
•
Filing: 1971-08-31
•
Granted: 1973-04-03
•
Expires: 1991-08-31
Abstract
Abstract A device for determining the spectral radiation transmission characteristics and size-frequency distribution of very small particles dispersed in a generally transparent liquid medium comprises a transparent sampling cell through which the liquid medium is moved at a desired rate and subjected to a beam of radiation by a suitable optical system. The optical system, which includes a rotatable, spectrally variable filter and a suitable mask limits the beam of radiation incident on one side of the cell to a narrow band, the peak wavelength of which is a function of angular displacement. On the opposite side of the sampling cell, a plurality of photosensitive detectors are arranged for generating an electrical signal from the radiation incident thereon that is in accordance with the amount of radiation emitted from the cell at various angles relative to the axis of the beam of radiation. A photosensitive detector is also arranged relative to the one side of the cell and the transmittance side of the filter to detect the radiation incident on the one side of the cell so as to provide a reference signal for relative measurement of the radiation emitted by the cell on the other side thereof. The signals derived from the plurality of detectors and from the reference detector are amplified and by suitable circuitry generate an analog output signal that corresponds to the spectral transmission characteristics of the liquid medium moving through the cell.
Inventors
- 👤 D Seelbinder
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 21:44
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N15/00; G01N15/02; G01N15/0205; G01J; G01J3/00; G01J3/28; G01J3/44; G01J3/4412
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
166 words
A method of determining the spectral radiation transmission characteristics and size-frequency distribution of very small particles dispersed in a generally transparent, liquid medium, the steps comprising: flowing the liquid medium at a desired rate past a source of radiation having bRoad spectral characteristics; continuously varying the spectral characteristics of a narrow bandwidth of the radiation incident on the liquid medium; generating an electrical reference signal of generally uniform amplitude from the radiation of narrow bandwidth; detecting continuously at a number of different positions relative to the liquid medium a change in intensity of the transmitted radiation as the spectral characteristics of the narrow bandwidth varies; generating sequentially with respect to each different position an electrical signal corresponding to the change in the transmitted radiation throughout the variation in the narrow bandwidth spectral characteristics; and differentiating the electrical reference signal and the electrical signal generating at each different position for producing an analog data output signal indicative of the spectral transmission density characteristics of the liquid medium.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
166 words
A method of determining the spectral radiation transmission characteristics and size-frequency distribution of very small particles dispersed in a generally transparent, liquid medium, the steps comprising: flowing the liquid medium at a desired rate past a source of radiation having bRoad spectral characteristics; continuously varying the spectral characteristics of a narrow bandwidth of the radiation incident on the liquid medium; generating an electrical reference signal of generally uniform amplitude from the radiation of narrow bandwidth; detecting continuously at a number of different positions relative to the liquid medium a change in intensity of the transmitted radiation as the spectral characteristics of the narrow bandwidth varies; generating sequentially with respect to each different position an electrical signal corresponding to the change in the transmitted radiation throughout the variation in the narrow bandwidth spectral characteristics; and differentiating the electrical reference signal and the electrical signal generating at each different position for producing an analog data output signal indicative of the spectral transmission density characteristics of the liquid medium.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the spectral characteristics of the radiation are varied at least between about 4,000 to about 7,000 Angstrom units.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method in accordance with claim 1 including the step of generating a series of signals indicative of preselected spectral characteristics of the radiation incident upon the liquid medium.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method in accordance with claim 3 including the step of recording the analog data output signals as a display of spectral transmission density characteristics relative to the preselected spectral characteristics of the radiation incident upon the liquid medium.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method in accordance with claim 1 including the step of modulating the intensity of the source of radiation to maintain the generally uniform amplitude of the reference signal.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
234 words
A device for determining the spectral radiation transmission characteristics and size-frequency distribution of very small particles dispersed in a generally transparent, liquid medium, comprising: a source of radiation having broad spectral characteristics; means connected to a source of the liquid medium for moving and directing the latter in a flow path at a desired rate past said light source; means arranged between the source of radiation and the flow path for continuously varying the spectral characteristics of a narrow bandwidth of the radiation incident on the liquid medium; means responsive to the spectral characteristics of the narrow bandwidth of radiation for generating a generally continuous electrical reference signal corresponding thereto; means arranged in a plurality of different positions relative to the flow path so as to intercept the transmitted light scattered by the dispersed particles in the liquid medium for continuously detecting a change in intensity of the transmitted radiation as the spectral characteristics of the narrow bandwidth varies; means responsive to the varying means for rendering each detecting means sequentially operative for generating an electrical signal corresponding to the change in the transmitted radiation throughout the variation in the narrow bandwidth spectral characteristics; and means responsive to the electrical reference signal and the electrical signal generated at each different position for differentiating the same and for producing an analog data output signal indicative of the spectral transmission density characteristics of the liquid medium.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
234 words
A device for determining the spectral radiation transmission characteristics and size-frequency distribution of very small particles dispersed in a generally transparent, liquid medium, comprising: a source of radiation having broad spectral characteristics; means connected to a source of the liquid medium for moving and directing the latter in a flow path at a desired rate past said light source; means arranged between the source of radiation and the flow path for continuously varying the spectral characteristics of a narrow bandwidth of the radiation incident on the liquid medium; means responsive to the spectral characteristics of the narrow bandwidth of radiation for generating a generally continuous electrical reference signal corresponding thereto; means arranged in a plurality of different positions relative to the flow path so as to intercept the transmitted light scattered by the dispersed particles in the liquid medium for continuously detecting a change in intensity of the transmitted radiation as the spectral characteristics of the narrow bandwidth varies; means responsive to the varying means for rendering each detecting means sequentially operative for generating an electrical signal corresponding to the change in the transmitted radiation throughout the variation in the narrow bandwidth spectral characteristics; and means responsive to the electrical reference signal and the electrical signal generated at each different position for differentiating the same and for producing an analog data output signal indicative of the spectral transmission density characteristics of the liquid medium.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
A device in accordance with claim 6 including means responsive to the analog data output signal for producing a visual display of the spectral transmission density characteristics of the liquid medium.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
47 words
A device in accordance with claim 7 wherein the means for varying the spectral characteristics of the narrow bandwidth comprises a rotatable, spectrally variable filter having indicia for indicating one end of a spectral range and for indicating at least a number of divisions of the range.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
A device in accordance with claim 8 wherein said filter is provided with Control indicia for initiating the electrical signal generating means.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
46 words
A device in accordance with claim 9 including means responsive to the control indicia, the analog data output signal and the indicating indicia for producing a visual display of preselected spectral values for the filter relative to the spectral transmission density characteristics of the liquid medium.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
31 words
A device in accordance with claim 6 wherein the generating means for the electrical signal includes a photosensitive detector arranged in each different position and means for actuating the detectors sequentially.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
37 words
A device in accordance with claim 6 including means responsive to the electrical signal derived from the detecting means in each different and empirical information for producing a display of particle size-frequency distribution in the liquid medium.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
28 words
A device in accordance with claim 6 including means for modulating the intensity of the source of radiation to maintain the reference signal at a generally uniform amplitude.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
37 words
A device in accordance with claim 6 wherein said flow path comprises a cell having transparent sides between which said liquid medium is moved and through which the narrow bandwidth of continuously varying spectral radiation is directed.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
52 words
A device in accordance with claim 14 wherein the means for generating the electrical signal in each different position comprises a plurality of photosensitive detectors spaced from and angularly disposed relative to the cell and in the path of the radiation transmitted by the liquid medium and scattered by the dispersed particles.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2920525A
Cited
US3349227A
Cited
US3437411A
Cited
US3640627A
Cited
US3506360A
Cited
US3603689A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-04-02 | 1976-10-02 | 1977-04-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-04-02 | 1980-10-02 | 1981-04-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-04-02 | 1984-10-02 | 1985-04-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |