US3720609A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process for treating aqueous chemical waste sludges and composition produced thereby
Assignee: CONVERSION SYSTEMS Inc A CORP OF
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Filing: 1970-04-17
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Granted: 1973-03-13
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Expires: 1990-04-17
Abstract
Abstract Waste sludges containing small amounts of certain types of reactive materials are treated by adding to such sludges materials capable of producing aluminum ions, lime and/or sulfate bearing compounds to produce a composition having a sufficient concentration of sulfate ions, aluminum ions and equivalents thereof, and calcium ions and equivalents thereof. Fly ash is preferred source of aluminum ions for this purpose. Over a period of time such compositions harden by the formation of calcium sulfo-aluminate hydrates. Hardening of the sludge facilitates its disposition and may permit the reclamation of the land now occupied by large settling ponds for such sludge. Still further, the solidification of such settling ponds may provide permanent land fill which permits immediate use of the land without the necessity for removal of the sludge. Aggregate materials may also be incorporated in the solidified waste.
Inventors
- 👤 C Smith
- 👤 W Webster
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 19:57
CPC Classifications
C; C02; C02F; C02F9/00; C02F11/00; C02F11/008; C04; C04B; C04B28/00; C04B28/02; C04B28/06; C04B28/065; C04B28/10; C02F2101/00; C02F2101/10; C02F2101/20; C04B2111/00; C04B2111/00474; C04B2111/00767; C04B2111/00784; Y; Y02; Y02W; Y02W30/00; Y02W30/50; Y02W30/91; Y10; Y10S; Y10S423/00; Y10S423/01; Y10S423/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
123 words
The method of treating aqueous chemical waste sludges comprising adding to said sludges sufficient lime, aluminum-containing materials, and water soluble sulfate compound to produce a composition having available sulfate ions, a second type of available ion selected from the group consisting of aluminum and ferric ions, the concentration of which is expressed in Al2O3 equivalents, and a third type of available ions selected from the group consisting of calcium and magnesium, the concentration of which is expressed in CaO equivalents, wherein the composition, including available ions in said added lime, aluminum-containing material, and water soluble sulfate compounds, includes at least 0.5 weight percent -SO4, at least 0.2 weight percent Al2O3 and equivalents thereof, and at least 0.5 weight percent CaO and equivalents thereof.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
123 words
The method of treating aqueous chemical waste sludges comprising adding to said sludges sufficient lime, aluminum-containing materials, and water soluble sulfate compound to produce a composition having available sulfate ions, a second type of available ion selected from the group consisting of aluminum and ferric ions, the concentration of which is expressed in Al2O3 equivalents, and a third type of available ions selected from the group consisting of calcium and magnesium, the concentration of which is expressed in CaO equivalents, wherein the composition, including available ions in said added lime, aluminum-containing material, and water soluble sulfate compounds, includes at least 0.5 weight percent -SO4, at least 0.2 weight percent Al2O3 and equivalents thereof, and at least 0.5 weight percent CaO and equivalents thereof.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method, as recited in claim 1, wherein said aluminum ion yielding material is fly ash.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
55 words
A method, as recited in claim 1, wherein the weight ratios of available ions in said composition are in the range (Al 3 and Ca 2 include Al 3 and Ca 2 equivalents, respectively): Al 3:Ca 2 from 1:10 to 1:2 Al 3:(SO4) 2 from 1:2 to 1:10 Ca 2:(SO4) 2 from 1:2 to 2:1
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method, as recited in claim 1, wherein said water soluble sulfate is calcium sulfate anhydrite, calcium sulfate hemihydrate, or calcium sulfate dihydrate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method, as recited in claim 1, wherein said sludge is the waste product of an acid making plant, said method consisting of adding lime and fly ash to obtain a composition as recited in claim 1.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
38 words
A methOd, as recited in claim 1, wherein said sludge is the pickle liquor waste product of a steel plant, said method consisting of adding lime and fly ash to obtain a composition as recited in claim 1.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
164 words
A composition comprising the reaction product of an aqueous chemical waste sludge and selected additive materials said additive materials being selected so that the total composition of said additive materials and said sludge includes available sulfate ions, a second type of available ion selected from the group consisting of aluminum and ferric ions, the concentration of which is expressed in Al2O3 equivalents, and a third type of available ions selected from the group consisting of calcium and magnesium, the concentration of which is expressed in CaO equivalents, wherein the composition includes at least 0.5 weight percent -SO4, at least 0.2 weight percent Al2O3 and equivalents thereof, and at least 0.5 weight percent CaO and equivalents thereof, wherein the weight ratios of available ions in said composition are in the range (Al 3 and Ca 2 include Al 3 and Ca 2 equivalents, respectively): Al 3:Ca 2 from 1:10 to 1:2 Al 3:(SO4) 2 from 1:2 to 1:10 Ca 2:(SO4) 2 from 1:2 to 2:1
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
164 words
A composition comprising the reaction product of an aqueous chemical waste sludge and selected additive materials said additive materials being selected so that the total composition of said additive materials and said sludge includes available sulfate ions, a second type of available ion selected from the group consisting of aluminum and ferric ions, the concentration of which is expressed in Al2O3 equivalents, and a third type of available ions selected from the group consisting of calcium and magnesium, the concentration of which is expressed in CaO equivalents, wherein the composition includes at least 0.5 weight percent -SO4, at least 0.2 weight percent Al2O3 and equivalents thereof, and at least 0.5 weight percent CaO and equivalents thereof, wherein the weight ratios of available ions in said composition are in the range (Al 3 and Ca 2 include Al 3 and Ca 2 equivalents, respectively): Al 3:Ca 2 from 1:10 to 1:2 Al 3:(SO4) 2 from 1:2 to 1:10 Ca 2:(SO4) 2 from 1:2 to 2:1
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
16 words
A composition, as recited in claim 7, wherein said aluminum ion yielding material is fly ash.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
A composition as recited in claim 7, wherein said sludge is the waste product of an acid making plant.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
A composition as recited in claim 7, wherein said sludge is the pickle liquor waste product of a steel plant.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
110 words
The method of making a cementitious composition comprising adding the aqueous chemical waste sludges sufficient lime, aluminum-containing materials, and water soluble sulfate compound to produce a composition having available sulfate ions, a second type of available ion selected from the group consisting of aluminum and iron ions, the concentration of which is expressed in Al2O3 equivalents, and a third type of available ions selected from the group consisting of calcium and magnesium, the concentration of which is expressed in CaO equivalents, wherein the composition includes at least 0.5 weight percent -SO4, at least 0.2 weight percent Al2O3 and equivalents thereof, and at least 0.5 weight percent CaO and equivalents thereof.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
110 words
The method of making a cementitious composition comprising adding the aqueous chemical waste sludges sufficient lime, aluminum-containing materials, and water soluble sulfate compound to produce a composition having available sulfate ions, a second type of available ion selected from the group consisting of aluminum and iron ions, the concentration of which is expressed in Al2O3 equivalents, and a third type of available ions selected from the group consisting of calcium and magnesium, the concentration of which is expressed in CaO equivalents, wherein the composition includes at least 0.5 weight percent -SO4, at least 0.2 weight percent Al2O3 and equivalents thereof, and at least 0.5 weight percent CaO and equivalents thereof.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method, as recited in claim 11, wherein said aluminum ion yielding material is fly ash.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
55 words
A method, as recited in claim 11, wherein the weight ratios of available ions in said composition are in the range (Al 3 and Ca 2 include Al 3 and Ca 2 equivalents, respectively): Al 3:Ca 2 from 1:10 to 1:2 Al 3:(SO4) 2 from 1:2 to 1:10 Ca 2:(SO4) 2 from 1:2 to 2:1
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method, as recited in claim 11, wherein said water soluble sulfate is calcium sulfate anhydrite, calcium sulfate hemihydrate, or calcium sulfate dihydrate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method, as recited in claim 11, wherein said sludge is the waste product of an acid making plant, said method consisting of adding lime and fly ash to obtain a composition as recited in claim 11.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-03-12 | 1976-09-11 | 1977-03-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-03-12 | 1980-09-11 | 1981-03-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-03-12 | 1984-09-11 | 1985-03-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |