US3700162A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Circular calculator for the solution of problems connected with electro-magnetic radiation penetration
Assignee: European Atomic Energy Community Euratom
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Filing: 1969-10-27
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Granted: 1972-10-24
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Expires: 1989-10-27
Abstract
Abstract A circular calculator for the solution of radiation penetration problems, the parameters of which are: source indensity I, exposure time T, thickness L of a shield, source-target distance K and one of the radiation dose R at the target position and a quantity related to the radiation effect X on the target, comprising three concentric disks of different radii movable relatively to one another around an axis, two of which disks have each of two scales in opposition associated with the first four parameters I, T, L, K, the third disk having a scale associated with one of the two remaining parameters R and X and carrying an indicator of the R scale.
Inventors
- 👤 Giancarlo Gaggero
- 👤 Carla Mongini-Tamagnini
- 👤 Antoine Settipani
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 12:51
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06G; G06G1/00; G06G1/02; G06G1/10; G06G1/12
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 6
Claim 1
Independent Claim
262 words
A circular calculator for the solution of radiation penetration problems, the parameters of which are: source intensity I, exposure time T, thickness L of a shield, sourcetarget distance K and one of the radiation dose R at the target position and a quantity related to the radiation effect X on the target; said calculator comprising: a basic, an intermediate and an upper disk of correspondingly decreasing diameters and rotatably mounted one over the other; the basic disk bearing, along a circumferential line fixed by the circumference of the intermediate disk and starting from a predetermined zero point, a first logarithmic scale displaying the radiation dose R, beginning from 10 6 and ending at 106 Roentgen, and bearing, along its periphery, a logarithmic blackening scale; the intermediate disk bearing along said circumference in a reverse sense with respect to said first logarithmic scale, a second logarithmic scale and a linear scale running in the opposite direction from said second logarithmic scale, said linear scale displaying, in a first direction, the thickness L of the shield starting from maximum thickness until zero thickness, said second logarithmic scale displaying the source-target distance K in a second direction, beginning from 103 and ending at 101 cm; and the upper disk bearing, along a circumferential line, third and fourth logarithmic scales running in opposite directions, said third scale displaying, in said first direction, the exposure time T, starting from 10 1 and ending at 104 hours, said fourth scale displaying, in said second direction, the source intensity I, starting from 10 1 and ending at 105 Curie.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
262 words
A circular calculator for the solution of radiation penetration problems, the parameters of which are: source intensity I, exposure time T, thickness L of a shield, sourcetarget distance K and one of the radiation dose R at the target position and a quantity related to the radiation effect X on the target; said calculator comprising: a basic, an intermediate and an upper disk of correspondingly decreasing diameters and rotatably mounted one over the other; the basic disk bearing, along a circumferential line fixed by the circumference of the intermediate disk and starting from a predetermined zero point, a first logarithmic scale displaying the radiation dose R, beginning from 10 6 and ending at 106 Roentgen, and bearing, along its periphery, a logarithmic blackening scale; the intermediate disk bearing along said circumference in a reverse sense with respect to said first logarithmic scale, a second logarithmic scale and a linear scale running in the opposite direction from said second logarithmic scale, said linear scale displaying, in a first direction, the thickness L of the shield starting from maximum thickness until zero thickness, said second logarithmic scale displaying the source-target distance K in a second direction, beginning from 103 and ending at 101 cm; and the upper disk bearing, along a circumferential line, third and fourth logarithmic scales running in opposite directions, said third scale displaying, in said first direction, the exposure time T, starting from 10 1 and ending at 104 hours, said fourth scale displaying, in said second direction, the source intensity I, starting from 10 1 and ending at 105 Curie.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
251 words
A circular calculator for the solution of radiation penetration problems, the parameters of which are: source intensity I, exposure time T, thickness L of a shield, source-target distance K and one of the radiation dose R at a target position and a quantity related to the radiation effect X on the target, according to the equations R(T, K, L) I . T . K 2 . F(L) and where: E energy y(E) radiation yield for actual radiation source Mu (E) absorption coefficient f normalization factor B(E,L) dose build-up factor for actual configuration j filters index s filter thickness said calculator comprising: a basic, an intermediate and an upper disk of correspondingly decreasing diameters and rotatably mounted one over the other; the basic disk bearing, along a line determined by the circumference of the intermediate disk and starting from a predetermined zero point, a first logarithmic scale displaying the radiation dose R, said basic disk bearing, along its periphery, a logarithmic blackening scale; the intermediate disk bearing along said circumference in a reverse sense with respect to said first logarithmic scale, a second logarithmic scale and a linear scale running in the opposite direction from said second logarithmic scale, said linear scale displaying the thickness L and said second logarithmic scale displaying the source-target distance K; and the upper disk bearing, along a circumferential line thereof, third and fourth logarithmic scales running in opposite directions, said third scale displaying the exposure time T and said fourth scale displaying the source intensity I.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
251 words
A circular calculator for the solution of radiation penetration problems, the parameters of which are: source intensity I, exposure time T, thickness L of a shield, source-target distance K and one of the radiation dose R at a target position and a quantity related to the radiation effect X on the target, according to the equations R(T, K, L) I . T . K 2 . F(L) and where: E energy y(E) radiation yield for actual radiation source Mu (E) absorption coefficient f normalization factor B(E,L) dose build-up factor for actual configuration j filters index s filter thickness said calculator comprising: a basic, an intermediate and an upper disk of correspondingly decreasing diameters and rotatably mounted one over the other; the basic disk bearing, along a line determined by the circumference of the intermediate disk and starting from a predetermined zero point, a first logarithmic scale displaying the radiation dose R, said basic disk bearing, along its periphery, a logarithmic blackening scale; the intermediate disk bearing along said circumference in a reverse sense with respect to said first logarithmic scale, a second logarithmic scale and a linear scale running in the opposite direction from said second logarithmic scale, said linear scale displaying the thickness L and said second logarithmic scale displaying the source-target distance K; and the upper disk bearing, along a circumferential line thereof, third and fourth logarithmic scales running in opposite directions, said third scale displaying the exposure time T and said fourth scale displaying the source intensity I.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
205 words
A circular calculator for the solution of radiation penetration problems, the parameters of which are: source intensity I, exposure time T, thickness L of a shield, source-target distance K and one of the radiation dose R at a target position and a quantity related to the radiation effect X on the target; said calculator comprising: a basic, an intermediate and an upper disk of correspondingly decreasing diameters and rotatably mounted one over the other; the basic disk bearing, along a line determined by the circumference of the intermediate disk and starting from a predetermined zero point, a first logarithmic scale displaying the radiation dose R, said basic disk bearing, along its periphery, a logarithmic blackening scale; the intermediate disk bearing along said circumference in a reverse sense with respect to said first logarithmic scale, a second logarithmic scale and a linear scale running in the opposite direction from said second logarithmic scale, said linear scale displaying the thickness L and said second logarithmic scale displaying the source-target distance K and the upper disk bearing, along a circumferential line thereof, third and fourth logarithmic scales running in opposite directions, said third scale displaying the exposure time T and said fourth scale displaying the source intensity I.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
205 words
A circular calculator for the solution of radiation penetration problems, the parameters of which are: source intensity I, exposure time T, thickness L of a shield, source-target distance K and one of the radiation dose R at a target position and a quantity related to the radiation effect X on the target; said calculator comprising: a basic, an intermediate and an upper disk of correspondingly decreasing diameters and rotatably mounted one over the other; the basic disk bearing, along a line determined by the circumference of the intermediate disk and starting from a predetermined zero point, a first logarithmic scale displaying the radiation dose R, said basic disk bearing, along its periphery, a logarithmic blackening scale; the intermediate disk bearing along said circumference in a reverse sense with respect to said first logarithmic scale, a second logarithmic scale and a linear scale running in the opposite direction from said second logarithmic scale, said linear scale displaying the thickness L and said second logarithmic scale displaying the source-target distance K and the upper disk bearing, along a circumferential line thereof, third and fourth logarithmic scales running in opposite directions, said third scale displaying the exposure time T and said fourth scale displaying the source intensity I.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1975-10-24 | 1976-04-24 | 1976-10-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1979-10-24 | 1980-04-24 | 1980-10-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1983-10-24 | 1984-04-24 | 1984-10-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |