US3697790A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Transducers having piezoelectric struts
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1970-12-02
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Granted: 1972-10-10
•
Expires: 1990-12-02
Abstract
Abstract A transducer of electromechanical or electroacoustic type comprising a piezoelectric strut supported by a frame on a diagonal thereof. The frame is subjected to face shear stress by deflections of a generally saddle shaped diaphragm termed a ''''diabow,'''' inducing longitudinal stresses in the piezoelectric strut. The strut has electrodes for connection with an electrical circuit.
Inventors
- 👤 William T Flint
- 👤 George C Tibbetts
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 04:50
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04R; H04R17/00; B; B06; B06B; B06B1/00; B06B1/02; B06B1/06; B06B1/0644; B06B1/0648
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 38
Claim 1
Independent Claim
138 words
A face shear responsive transducer having, in combination, a strut of piezoelectric material, an elastic peripheral frame, generally in the form of a quadrilateral, supporting the strut near the ends thereof and substantially only at a diagonally opposite pair of corners of the quadrilateral, and means in stress communicating relation with the major part of an entire periphery of the frame and adapted to transform bilaterally between an external stress system and a face shear stress system acting over all of said major part of said periphery in a plane substantially parallel to said quadrilateral, said frame transforming bilaterally between said face shear stress system and longitudinal stress in the strut, the frame being stiff peripherally relative to the longitudinal stiffness of the strut, and the frame being compliant flexurally relative to the longitudinal compliance of the strut.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
138 words
A face shear responsive transducer having, in combination, a strut of piezoelectric material, an elastic peripheral frame, generally in the form of a quadrilateral, supporting the strut near the ends thereof and substantially only at a diagonally opposite pair of corners of the quadrilateral, and means in stress communicating relation with the major part of an entire periphery of the frame and adapted to transform bilaterally between an external stress system and a face shear stress system acting over all of said major part of said periphery in a plane substantially parallel to said quadrilateral, said frame transforming bilaterally between said face shear stress system and longitudinal stress in the strut, the frame being stiff peripherally relative to the longitudinal stiffness of the strut, and the frame being compliant flexurally relative to the longitudinal compliance of the strut.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
A transducer according to claim 1, in which the strut is formed of a piezoceramic material.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
A transducer according to claim 1, having a pair of electrodes on the strut and spaced transversely of its lengthwise axis.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
132 words
An electroacoustic transducer having, in combination, a strut of piezoelectric material, a pair of diabows spaced from and facing one another, each diabow having a substantially closed periphery, elastic peripheral frame means supporting the strut near the ends thereof, said frame means extending between and being attached to the major part of the periphery of each of said pair of diabows, said frame means transforming bilaterally between longitudinal stress in the strut and face shear stress in each of the diabows, the frame means being flexurally deformable cooperatively with longitudinal deformation of the strut, said frame means being stiff peripherally and compliant flexurally relative to the longitudinal elasticity of the strut, a casing having an acoustic connection through a wall thereof, and means to support the frame means resiliently within the casing.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
132 words
An electroacoustic transducer having, in combination, a strut of piezoelectric material, a pair of diabows spaced from and facing one another, each diabow having a substantially closed periphery, elastic peripheral frame means supporting the strut near the ends thereof, said frame means extending between and being attached to the major part of the periphery of each of said pair of diabows, said frame means transforming bilaterally between longitudinal stress in the strut and face shear stress in each of the diabows, the frame means being flexurally deformable cooperatively with longitudinal deformation of the strut, said frame means being stiff peripherally and compliant flexurally relative to the longitudinal elasticity of the strut, a casing having an acoustic connection through a wall thereof, and means to support the frame means resiliently within the casing.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
27 words
An electroacoustic transducer according to claim 4, in which the diabows are substantially mirror symmetrical with respect to one another to provide substantial cancellation of accelerometer sensitivity.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
33 words
An electroacoustic transducer according to claim 4, in which the frame means is generally in the form of a quadrilateral and is supported in the casing substantially at mid points of its sides.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
121 words
A face shear responsive transducer having, in combination, a strut of piezoceramic material poled in one direction between a mid region thereof and one end thereof along its lengthwise axis and in the opposite direction between the other end thereof and said mid regiOn along said lengthwise axis, and an elastic peripheral frame generally in the form of a quadrilateral and supporting the strut substantially on a diagonal thereof, said frame transforming bilaterally between longitudinal stress in the strut and face shear stress acting at the frame in a plane substantially parallel to said quadrilateral, said frame being flexurally deformable cooperatively with longitudinal deformation of the strut, and said frame being compliant flexurally relative to the longitudinal compliance of said strut.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
121 words
A face shear responsive transducer having, in combination, a strut of piezoceramic material poled in one direction between a mid region thereof and one end thereof along its lengthwise axis and in the opposite direction between the other end thereof and said mid regiOn along said lengthwise axis, and an elastic peripheral frame generally in the form of a quadrilateral and supporting the strut substantially on a diagonal thereof, said frame transforming bilaterally between longitudinal stress in the strut and face shear stress acting at the frame in a plane substantially parallel to said quadrilateral, said frame being flexurally deformable cooperatively with longitudinal deformation of the strut, and said frame being compliant flexurally relative to the longitudinal compliance of said strut.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
A transducer according to claim 7, in which the frame is electrically conductive and electrically connected with the ends of the strut.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
82 words
A face shear responsive transducer having, in combination, a pair of struts of piezoelectric material, and elastic means including a peripheral frame, said frame being generally in the form of a quadrilateral and supporting a strut substantially on each diagonal thereof, said elastic means being adapted to transform bilaterally between longitudinal stress in the struts and face shear stress acting at the frame in a plane substantially parallel to said diagonals, said longitudinal stress being of opposite sense in the respective struts.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
82 words
A face shear responsive transducer having, in combination, a pair of struts of piezoelectric material, and elastic means including a peripheral frame, said frame being generally in the form of a quadrilateral and supporting a strut substantially on each diagonal thereof, said elastic means being adapted to transform bilaterally between longitudinal stress in the struts and face shear stress acting at the frame in a plane substantially parallel to said diagonals, said longitudinal stress being of opposite sense in the respective struts.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
54 words
A transducer according to claim 9, in which the struts are each formed of piezoceramic material, each strut being poled in one direction between a mid region thereof and one end thereof along its lengthwise axis and in the opposite direction between the other end thereof and said mid region along said lengthwise axis.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
39 words
A transducer according to claim 10, in which one strut is poled outwardly from the mid region thereof and the other strut is poled inwardly toward the mid region thereof, and in which said mid regions are connected together.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
22 words
A transducer according to claim 10, in which the frame is electrically conductive and electrically connected with the ends of the struts.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
105 words
A transducer between an external stress system and electrical terminals having, in combination, a pair of electroded piezoelectric struts, an elastic peripheral frame supporting each strut substantially only near the ends thereof, the struts crossing one another, said frame transforming bilaterally between longitudinal stress in the struts and face shear stress acting at the frame in a plane substantially parallel to the lengthwise axis of each strut, said longitudinal stress being of opposite sense in the respective struts, and elastic means in contact with said external stress system and with said frame, and transforming bilaterally between said face shear stress and said external stress system.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
105 words
A transducer between an external stress system and electrical terminals having, in combination, a pair of electroded piezoelectric struts, an elastic peripheral frame supporting each strut substantially only near the ends thereof, the struts crossing one another, said frame transforming bilaterally between longitudinal stress in the struts and face shear stress acting at the frame in a plane substantially parallel to the lengthwise axis of each strut, said longitudinal stress being of opposite sense in the respective struts, and elastic means in contact with said external stress system and with said frame, and transforming bilaterally between said face shear stress and said external stress system.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
29 words
A transducer according to claim 13 in which the elastic means is a diabow having a substantially closed periphery, and in which the frame is attached to said periphery.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
25 words
A transducer according to claim 13, in which said frame is generally in the form of a quadrilateral supporting said struts substantially on diagonals thereof.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
17 words
A transducer according to claim 13, in which the struts are each formed of a piezoceramic material.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
46 words
A transducer according to claim 16, in which each strut is poled in one direction between a mid region thereof and one end thereof along its lengthwise axis and in the opposite direction between the other end thereof and said mid region along said lengthwise axis.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
39 words
A transducer according to claim 17, in which one strut is poled outwardly from the mid region thereof and the other strut is poled inwardly toward the mid region thereof, and in which said mid regions are connected together.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
22 words
A transducer according to claim 17, in which the frame is electrically conductive and electrically connected with the ends of the struts.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
22 words
A transducer according to claim 13, in which each strut has a pair of electrodes thereon spaced transversely of its lengthwise axis.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
16 words
A transducer according to claim 14, in which the struts are formed of a piezoceramic material.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
46 words
A transducer accordinG to claim 21, in which each strut is poled in one direction between a mid region thereof and one end thereof along its lengthwise axis and in the opposite direction between the other end thereof and said mid region along said lengthwise axis.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
22 words
A transducer according to claim 22, in which the frame is electrically conductive and electrically connected with the ends of the struts.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
21 words
A transducer according to claim 14, having a pair of electrodes on each strut and spaced transversely of its lengthwise axis.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
39 words
A transducer according to claim 22, in which one strut is poled outwardly from the mid region thereof and the other strut is poled inwardly toward the mid region thereof, and in which said mid regions are connected together.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
25 words
A transducer according to claim 14, having a second diabow having a substantially closed periphery, said frame being attached to the peripheries of both diabows.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
18 words
A transducer according to claim 26, in which each of the peripheries of the diabows is substantially rectangular.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
19 words
A transducer according to claim 23, in which the diabow is electrically conductive and electrically connected with the frame.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
20 words
A transducer according to claim 24, in which said electrodes extend along said lengthwise axis without electrically contacting the frame.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
16 words
A transducer according to claim 29, having a plurality of pairs of electrodes on each strut.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
28 words
A transducer according to claim 25, including electronic amplifier means mounted on and electrically contacting said connected mid regions to minimize the capacitive electrical load on the transducer.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
16 words
A transducer according to claim 26, in which the diabows and frame substantially enclose the struts.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
19 words
A transducer according to claim 26, in which the diabows are substantially mirror symmetrical with respect to one another.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1975-10-10 | 1976-04-10 | 1976-10-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1979-10-10 | 1980-04-10 | 1980-10-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1983-10-10 | 1984-04-10 | 1984-10-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |