US3693100A
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Cumulative enhancement signal processor
Assignee: Leidos Holdings Inc
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Filing: 1971-04-09
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Granted: 1972-09-19
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Expires: 1991-04-09
Abstract
Abstract A cumulative enhancement signal processor for improving the detection of repetitive signals in a noisy background which signals exist during each of a plurality of repetition intervals. Each repetition interval is divided into a plurality of discrete time intervals called bins. The average signal level in each bin is determined and the estimated mean background noise level for each bin is derived by summing and averaging the signal level in a selected number of bins adjoining the bins next to the test bin. The estimated mean background noise level for each bin is subtracted from the average signal level for the associated bin to derive a residual signal which is then stored. This procedure is repeated for a selected number of repetition intervals with the derived residual signals for each bin being added to the previously derived residual signal for that bin. Since the signal level of a bin containing the information pulse is statistically greater than the estimated mean background noise for that bin, the residual signals accumulate to a relatively high signal level as the repetitive information pulses are accumulated over a selected number of repetition intervals. The residual signal in bins not containing the repetitive information signal will not accumulate to a high residual signal over successive repetition intervals since the difference between the estimated mean background noise level for such bins and the average signal level thereof will tend to zero. If the information signal is shifting timewise with respect to the repetition interval, a plurality of the aforementioned signal processors are connected in parallel with the discrete time intervals or bins generated by each processor being shifted with respect to time at varying rates. Thus, a high accumulation signal will occur in only the processor having its bins shifted at the same rate that the information signal is shifting with respect to the repetition interval. The output of the processor having the highest peak accumulated signal is detected and displayed by an output device.
Inventors
- 👤 Buck C Brown
- 👤 Charles D Porterfield
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 11:54
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06G; G06G7/00; G06G7/12; G06G7/14; G01; G01S; G01S7/00; G01S7/02; G01S7/28; G01S7/285; G01S7/292; G01S7/2923; G01S7/2926; G01S7/52; G01S7/523; G01S7/526; G01S7/527
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
225 words
A cumulative enchancement signal processor for detecting and enhancing repetitive and similar information signals in a noisy background wherein the information signal exists for only a short time relative to complete repetitive interval and wherein the noise background exists for the complete repetitive interval, comprising means for dividing said input signals into a predetermined number of time increments; means for determining the average signal level in each of said time intervals; means for deriving the mean background noise for each time interval including means for summing the average signal level of a small number of time intervals relative to the total number of time intervals in each repetitive interval, said small number of time intervals being proximate the time interval for which the mean background noise is being determined; means for averaging said summation signal over the time intervals summed to obtain a derived mean background noise level; means for subtracting said average signal level for each of said time intervals from the derived mean background noise of the corresponding time intervals, said difference signals each being a residual signal of its associated time interval, and means for accumulating said residual signals of each time interval with the residual signals derived in the succeeding repetitive intervals wherein the residual signal of the time interval containing the information signal will become large compared to other intervals.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
225 words
A cumulative enchancement signal processor for detecting and enhancing repetitive and similar information signals in a noisy background wherein the information signal exists for only a short time relative to complete repetitive interval and wherein the noise background exists for the complete repetitive interval, comprising means for dividing said input signals into a predetermined number of time increments; means for determining the average signal level in each of said time intervals; means for deriving the mean background noise for each time interval including means for summing the average signal level of a small number of time intervals relative to the total number of time intervals in each repetitive interval, said small number of time intervals being proximate the time interval for which the mean background noise is being determined; means for averaging said summation signal over the time intervals summed to obtain a derived mean background noise level; means for subtracting said average signal level for each of said time intervals from the derived mean background noise of the corresponding time intervals, said difference signals each being a residual signal of its associated time interval, and means for accumulating said residual signals of each time interval with the residual signals derived in the succeeding repetitive intervals wherein the residual signal of the time interval containing the information signal will become large compared to other intervals.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
63 words
The processor of claim 1 wherein said means for summing the average signal level of a small nUmber of time intervals relative to the total number of time intervals in each repetitive interval comprises means for summing the time intervals proximate the time intervals adjoining the time intervals for which the mean background noise is being derived, said adjoining time intervals being unsummed.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
The processor of claim 2 further comprising means for decaying with time over a selected number of repetition intervals said accumulated residual signals.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
The processor of claim 3 further comprising means for shifting said time intervals with respect to said repetition interval.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
35 words
The processor of claim 4 further comprising means for shifting said time intervals with respect to said repetition interval at the same rate as said information signal is shifting with respect to said repetition interval.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
85 words
The processor of claim 4 further comprising: means for combining a plurality of said processors in parallel, each of said processors receiving said repetitive signal, and each of said processors shifting said time intervals at different rates; and means receiving the accumulated outputs of each of said processors for determining which processor provides the highest accumulation signal, said processor with said highest accumulation signal having a rate of interval shift approximately equal to the shift of said repetition signal with respect to said repetition interval.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
219 words
In a cumulative enhancement signal processor, a method of detecting and enhancing repetitive and similar signals in a noisy background wherein the signals exist for only a short time relative to a complete repetition interval and wherein the noise component exist for the complete repetitive interval, comprising the steps of dividing said input signals into a predetermined number of time increments, determining the average signal level in each of said time intervals, deriving the mean background noise for each time interval including the step of summing the average signal level of a small number of time intervals relative to the total number of time intervals in each repetitive interval, said small number of time intervals being proximate the time interval for which the mean background noise is being derived, averaging said summation signal over the time intervals summed to obtain a derived mean background noise level, subtracting said average signal level of each of said time intervals from the derived mean background noise of the corresponding time interval, said difference signals each being a residual signal of its associated time interval, and accumulating said residual signals of each time interval with the residual signals derived in the succeeding repetitive intervals wherein the residual signal of the time interval containing the information signal will become large compared to other intervals.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
219 words
In a cumulative enhancement signal processor, a method of detecting and enhancing repetitive and similar signals in a noisy background wherein the signals exist for only a short time relative to a complete repetition interval and wherein the noise component exist for the complete repetitive interval, comprising the steps of dividing said input signals into a predetermined number of time increments, determining the average signal level in each of said time intervals, deriving the mean background noise for each time interval including the step of summing the average signal level of a small number of time intervals relative to the total number of time intervals in each repetitive interval, said small number of time intervals being proximate the time interval for which the mean background noise is being derived, averaging said summation signal over the time intervals summed to obtain a derived mean background noise level, subtracting said average signal level of each of said time intervals from the derived mean background noise of the corresponding time interval, said difference signals each being a residual signal of its associated time interval, and accumulating said residual signals of each time interval with the residual signals derived in the succeeding repetitive intervals wherein the residual signal of the time interval containing the information signal will become large compared to other intervals.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said summing step comprises the step of summing only the signal in those time intervals proximate the time intervals adjoining the time interval for which the mean background noise is being derived.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 8 further comprising the step of decaying with time over a selected number of repetitious intervals said accumulated signals
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method of claim 9 further comprising the step of shifting said time intervals with respect to said repetition interval at the same rate as said information signal is shifting with respect to said repetition interval.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
47 words
The method of claim 9 further comprising the steps of combining a plurality of said signal processors in parallel, shifting said time intervals at different rates in each processor, comparing the outputs of each of said processors, and detecting the output having the greatest peak accumulation signal.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1975-09-19 | 1976-03-20 | 1976-09-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1979-09-19 | 1980-03-20 | 1980-09-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1983-09-19 | 1984-03-20 | 1984-09-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |