US3690240A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Reflective imaging apparatus
Assignee: Polaroid Corp
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Filing: 1970-10-22
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Granted: 1972-09-12
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Expires: 1990-10-22
Abstract
Abstract The subject invention provides a reflex camera having a novel means of image reflection for use in viewing an image, transmitted through an entrance pupil to said image reflection means, at an exit pupil remote from both said means and said entrance pupil.
Inventors
- 👤 Nathan Gold
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 16:44
CPC Classifications
G; G02; G02B; G02B5/00; G02B5/08; G02B3/00; G02B3/02; G02B3/08; G03; G03B; G03B17/00; G03B17/48; G03B17/50; G03B17/52
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 63
Claim 1
Independent Claim
150 words
A photographic camera including: means defining an exposure plane; means defining an entrance pupil; lens means for focusing the image of a subject through said entrance pupil at a focal plane; means establishing an optical path from said lens means to said focal plane, said optical path including specular means for establishing said focal plane at said exposure plane when in an exposure mode and for establishing said focal plane at a viewing surface near or at said exposure plane when in a focusing mode; means defining an exit pupil; and viewing means cooperable with said exit pupil defining means for inspecting the image formed on said viewing surface through said exit pupil, said viewing surface being essentially planar and comprising plural structurally dependent reflective surfaces so spatially oriented as to maximize the reflection of light from said entrance pupil through said exit pupil without introducing comatic or astigmatic aberration.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
150 words
A photographic camera including: means defining an exposure plane; means defining an entrance pupil; lens means for focusing the image of a subject through said entrance pupil at a focal plane; means establishing an optical path from said lens means to said focal plane, said optical path including specular means for establishing said focal plane at said exposure plane when in an exposure mode and for establishing said focal plane at a viewing surface near or at said exposure plane when in a focusing mode; means defining an exit pupil; and viewing means cooperable with said exit pupil defining means for inspecting the image formed on said viewing surface through said exit pupil, said viewing surface being essentially planar and comprising plural structurally dependent reflective surfaces so spatially oriented as to maximize the reflection of light from said entrance pupil through said exit pupil without introducing comatic or astigmatic aberration.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
45 words
The invention as set forth in claim 1, wheRein said entrance pupil has a pupil point located at a first predetermined point with respect to said viewing surface and said exit pupil has a pupil point in spaced predetermined relation to said entrance pupil point.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
64 words
The invention as delineated in claim 2, wherein each said reflective surface is so oriented as to be normal to a line bisecting the angle formed by a pair of lines extending from said entrance pupil point and said exit pupil point, respectively, and intersecting at such reflective surface, whereby said viewing surface will effect an essentially planar approximation of an ellipsoidal reflecting surface.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
64 words
In combination with a photographic camera comprising means defining an entrance pupil, means for imaging said entrance pupil at a predetermined remote location, including: a support; plural structurally dependent surfaces disposed along one surface of said support; and means for reflecting light from said entrance pupil to a predetermined remote location so as to define an exit pupil without introducing comatic or astigmatic aberration.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
64 words
In combination with a photographic camera comprising means defining an entrance pupil, means for imaging said entrance pupil at a predetermined remote location, including: a support; plural structurally dependent surfaces disposed along one surface of said support; and means for reflecting light from said entrance pupil to a predetermined remote location so as to define an exit pupil without introducing comatic or astigmatic aberration.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
52 words
The invention according to claim 4, wherein said plural surfaces comprise planar reflective surfaces each so oriented as to be essentially normal to a line bisecting the angle formed by a pair of lines extending from the geometrical centers of said entrance and exit pupils, respectively, and intersecting at such reflective surface.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
74 words
In combination with a photographic camera having means defining an entrance pupil and an exit pupil, monolithic means including plural reflective surfaces for reflecting substantially all of the light passing through said entrance pupil to said exit pupil without introducing comatic or astigmatic aberration; wherein each of said plural reflective surfaces is essentially planar and said surfaces are sufficiently small in size and great in number as to provide an essentially planar reflecting surface.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
74 words
In combination with a photographic camera having means defining an entrance pupil and an exit pupil, monolithic means including plural reflective surfaces for reflecting substantially all of the light passing through said entrance pupil to said exit pupil without introducing comatic or astigmatic aberration; wherein each of said plural reflective surfaces is essentially planar and said surfaces are sufficiently small in size and great in number as to provide an essentially planar reflecting surface.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
29 words
The invention according to claim 6, additionally including means for imaging an object onto said essentially planar reflecting surface whereby light therefrom will be condensed at said exit pupil.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
98 words
An imaging and viewing system, including: means defining an entrance pupil; lens means for forming an image of a subject through said entrance pupil at a focal surface; a reflective screen located at said focal surface; means defining an exit pupil; and viewing means cooperable with said exit pupil defining means for inspecting the image formed on said screen through said exit pupil, said screen being essentially planar and comprising plural structurally dependent surfaces so spatially oriented as to maximize the reflection of light from said entrance pupil through said exit pupil without introducing comatic or astigmatic aberration.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
98 words
An imaging and viewing system, including: means defining an entrance pupil; lens means for forming an image of a subject through said entrance pupil at a focal surface; a reflective screen located at said focal surface; means defining an exit pupil; and viewing means cooperable with said exit pupil defining means for inspecting the image formed on said screen through said exit pupil, said screen being essentially planar and comprising plural structurally dependent surfaces so spatially oriented as to maximize the reflection of light from said entrance pupil through said exit pupil without introducing comatic or astigmatic aberration.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
43 words
The invention as delineated in claim 8, wherein said entrance pupil has a pupil point located at a first predetermined point with respect to said screen and said exit pupil has a pupil point in spaced predetermined relation to said entrance pupil point.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
18 words
The invention as set forth in claim 9, wherein said plural surfaces each comprise a planar reflective surface.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
48 words
The invention as stated in claim 10, wherein each reflective surface is so oriented as to be normal to a line bisecting the angle formed by a pair of lines extending from said entrance pupil point and said exit pupil point, respectively, and intersecting at such reflective surface.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
34 words
Apparatus according to claim 11, wherein said plural reflective surfaces are so disposed as to provide an essentially planar approximation of an ellipsoidal reflecting surface having said entrance and exit pupil points as foci.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
84 words
A viewing system for use with a camera having means defining an entrance pupil and an exit pupil with entrance and exit pupil points, respectively, in predetermined spaced relation; said viewing means including: a screen; said screen comprising monolithic means including a plurality of specular surfaces of diffeRing spatial orientation; means for focusing the image of a subject onto said screen; and means for reflectively focusing light reaching said screen from said entrance pupil to said exit pupil without introducing comatic or astigmatic aberration.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
84 words
A viewing system for use with a camera having means defining an entrance pupil and an exit pupil with entrance and exit pupil points, respectively, in predetermined spaced relation; said viewing means including: a screen; said screen comprising monolithic means including a plurality of specular surfaces of diffeRing spatial orientation; means for focusing the image of a subject onto said screen; and means for reflectively focusing light reaching said screen from said entrance pupil to said exit pupil without introducing comatic or astigmatic aberration.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
44 words
Apparatus as described in claim 13, wherein each of said specular surfaces comprises a facet so oriented as to be normal to a line bisecting the angle formed by line extending from said entrance and exit pupil points, respectively, and intersecting at such facet.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
40 words
The invention as stated in claim 14, wherein said facets are sufficiently small in size and great in number whereby said screen will provide an essentially planar approximation of an ellipsoid having said entrance and exit pupil points as foci.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
60 words
In combination with apparatus defining an entrance pupil, means for imaging said entrance pupil at a predetermined remote location, including: a support; plural structurally dependent surfaces disposed along one surface of said support; and means for reflecting light from said entrance pupil to a predetermined remote location so as to define an exit pupil without introducing comatic or astigmatic aberration.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
60 words
In combination with apparatus defining an entrance pupil, means for imaging said entrance pupil at a predetermined remote location, including: a support; plural structurally dependent surfaces disposed along one surface of said support; and means for reflecting light from said entrance pupil to a predetermined remote location so as to define an exit pupil without introducing comatic or astigmatic aberration.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
53 words
The invention as related in claim 16, wherein said plural surfaces comprise planar reflective surfaces each so oriented as to be essentially normal to a line bisecting the angle formed by a pair of lines extending from the geometrical centers of said entrance and exit pupils, respectively, and intersecting at such reflective surface.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
18 words
The invention as set forth in claim 17, wherein said plural reflective surfaces are formed within said support.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
70 words
In combination with means defining an entrance pupil and an exit pupil, monolithic means including plural reflective surfaces for reflecting substantially all of the light passing through said entrance pupil to said exit pupil without introducing comatic or astigmatic aberration; wherein each of said plural reflective surfaces is essentially planar and said surfaces are sufficiently small in size and great in number as to provide an essentially planar reflecting surface.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
70 words
In combination with means defining an entrance pupil and an exit pupil, monolithic means including plural reflective surfaces for reflecting substantially all of the light passing through said entrance pupil to said exit pupil without introducing comatic or astigmatic aberration; wherein each of said plural reflective surfaces is essentially planar and said surfaces are sufficiently small in size and great in number as to provide an essentially planar reflecting surface.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
30 words
The invention as delineated in claim 19, additionally including means for imaging an object onto said essentially planar reflecting surface whereby light therefrom will be condensed at said exit pupil.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
48 words
In combination with means defining an entrance pupil and an exit pupil, means for transmitting illumination passing through said entrance pupil to said exit pupil including generally planar means approximating a specular ellipsoidal surface and comprising a plurality of structurally dependent planar reflective surfaces of differing spatial orientation.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
48 words
In combination with means defining an entrance pupil and an exit pupil, means for transmitting illumination passing through said entrance pupil to said exit pupil including generally planar means approximating a specular ellipsoidal surface and comprising a plurality of structurally dependent planar reflective surfaces of differing spatial orientation.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
18 words
Apparatus according to claim 21 wherein said reflective surfaces are formed in a single plate, or the like.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
43 words
The invention in accordance with claim 22, wherein each of said planar surfaces is so oriented as to be normal to a line bisecting the angle formed by lines extending from a fixed pair of spaced points and intersecting at such planar surface.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
82 words
In combination with means defining a fixed entrance pupil and a fixed remote exit pupil, apparatus for reflecting energy passing through said entrance pupil and condensing same at said exit pupil including: a base; plural specular facets generally disposed along one surface of said base in fixed predetermined spatial relation to one another and sufficiently small in size and great in number to provide an essentially planar approximation of an ellipsoidal reflecting surface having the geometric centers of said pupils as foci.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
82 words
In combination with means defining a fixed entrance pupil and a fixed remote exit pupil, apparatus for reflecting energy passing through said entrance pupil and condensing same at said exit pupil including: a base; plural specular facets generally disposed along one surface of said base in fixed predetermined spatial relation to one another and sufficiently small in size and great in number to provide an essentially planar approximation of an ellipsoidal reflecting surface having the geometric centers of said pupils as foci.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
51 words
The invention as set out in claim 16, further including means for focusing the image of an object essentially in the plane of said one surface of said support, whereby light from such image will be condensed at said exit pupil so as to provide a viewable image of said object.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
55 words
Apparatus for imaging a predetermined fixed point source of illumination at a predetermined fixed remote point, includiNg: a support; plural structurally dependent surfaces disposed along one surface of said support in fixed spatial orientation; and means for reflecting light from said point source of illumination to said remote point whilst eliminating comatic and astigmatic aberration.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
55 words
Apparatus for imaging a predetermined fixed point source of illumination at a predetermined fixed remote point, includiNg: a support; plural structurally dependent surfaces disposed along one surface of said support in fixed spatial orientation; and means for reflecting light from said point source of illumination to said remote point whilst eliminating comatic and astigmatic aberration.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
17 words
The invention as recited in claim 26, wherein said plural surfaces each comprise a planar reflective surface.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
21 words
The invention as set forth in claim 26, wherein said plural reflective surfaces are each oriented in a different predetermined direction.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
49 words
The invention as related in claim 28, wherein each of said reflective surfaces is so oriented as to be normal to a line bisecting the angle formed by a pair of lines extending from said point source and said predetermined remote point, respectively, and intersecting at such reflective surface.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
27 words
The invention as delineated in claim 29, wherein said plural reflective surfaces are so disposed as to provide an essentially planar approximation of an ellipsoidal reflecting surface.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
17 words
The invention as described in claim 30, wherein said plural reflective surfaces are formed within said support.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
39 words
Monolithic means for reflecting light between a pair of conjugate points including plural reflective surfaces each oriented to reflect light from one of said conjugate points to the other of said conjugate points without introducing comatic or astigmatic aberration.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
39 words
Monolithic means for reflecting light between a pair of conjugate points including plural reflective surfaces each oriented to reflect light from one of said conjugate points to the other of said conjugate points without introducing comatic or astigmatic aberration.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
17 words
The invention as recited in claim 32, wherein each of said plural reflective surfaces is essentially planar.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
30 words
The invention as delineated in claim 33, wherein each of said essentially planar surfaces is so small and their number so great as to provide an essentially planar reflecting surface.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
31 words
The invention of claim 34, wherein said plural reflective surfaces are so disposed as to provide an essentially planar approximation of an ellipsoidal reflecting surface having said conjugate points as foci.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
21 words
The invention as set forth in claim 35, wherein said plural reflective surfaces are each oriented in a different predetermined direction.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
46 words
The invention of claim 36, wherein each of said plural reflective surfaces is so oriented as to be normal to a line bisecting the angle formed by extending lines from each of said pair of conjugate points to a point of intersection on that reflective surface.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
25 words
Generally planar camera viewing screen means approximating a specular ellipsoidal surface and comprising a plurality of structurally dependent planar reflective surfaces of differing spatial orientation.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
25 words
Generally planar camera viewing screen means approximating a specular ellipsoidal surface and comprising a plurality of structurally dependent planar reflective surfaces of differing spatial orientation.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
19 words
The invention according to claim 38, wherein said reflective surfaces are formed in a single plate, or the like.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
42 words
Apparatus according to claim 39, wherein each of said planar surfaces is so oriented as to be normal to a line bisecting the angle formed by lines extending from a fixed pair of spaced remote points and intersecting at such planar surface.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
34 words
Monolithic means for reflecting electromagnetic radiation between a pair of conjugate points including plural reflective surfaces each oriented to reflect energy from one of said conjugate points to the other of said conjugate points.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
34 words
Monolithic means for reflecting electromagnetic radiation between a pair of conjugate points including plural reflective surfaces each oriented to reflect energy from one of said conjugate points to the other of said conjugate points.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
17 words
The invention as related in claim 41, wherein each of said plural reflective surfaces is essentially planar.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
31 words
The invention as set forth in claim 42, wherein each of said essentially planar surfaces is so small and their number so great as to provide a generally planar reflecting surface.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
33 words
The invention as delineated in claim 43, wherein said plural reflective surfaces are so disposed as to provide an essentially planar approximation of an ellipsoidal reflecting surface having said conjugate points as foci.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
58 words
Apparatus for reflecting energy between a pair of points, including: a base; plural specular facets generally disposed along one surface of said base in fixed predetermined spatial relation to one another and sufficiently small in size and great in number to provide an essentially planar approximation of an eLlipsoidal reflecting surface having said pair of points as foci.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
58 words
Apparatus for reflecting energy between a pair of points, including: a base; plural specular facets generally disposed along one surface of said base in fixed predetermined spatial relation to one another and sufficiently small in size and great in number to provide an essentially planar approximation of an eLlipsoidal reflecting surface having said pair of points as foci.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
45 words
Generally planar viewing screen means approximating a specular ellipsoidal surface and comprising a plurality of structurally dependent reflective surfaces of differing spatial orientation and adapted to maximize light reflected between conjugate points comprising the foci of said ellipsoidal surface by minimizing comatic and astigmatic aberration.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
45 words
Generally planar viewing screen means approximating a specular ellipsoidal surface and comprising a plurality of structurally dependent reflective surfaces of differing spatial orientation and adapted to maximize light reflected between conjugate points comprising the foci of said ellipsoidal surface by minimizing comatic and astigmatic aberration.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
97 words
In combination with a photographic camera comprising means defining an entrance pupil, means for imaging said entrance pupil at a predetermined remote location, including: a support; plural structurally dependent surfaces disposed along one surface of said support; and means for reflecting light from said entrance pupil to a predetermined remote location so as to define an exit pupil without introducing comatic or astigmatic aberration; said light reflecting means providing an essentially planar approximation of an ellipsoidal reflecting surface, the foci of which are coincident with the pupil points of said entrance pupil and the image thereof, respectively.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
97 words
In combination with a photographic camera comprising means defining an entrance pupil, means for imaging said entrance pupil at a predetermined remote location, including: a support; plural structurally dependent surfaces disposed along one surface of said support; and means for reflecting light from said entrance pupil to a predetermined remote location so as to define an exit pupil without introducing comatic or astigmatic aberration; said light reflecting means providing an essentially planar approximation of an ellipsoidal reflecting surface, the foci of which are coincident with the pupil points of said entrance pupil and the image thereof, respectively.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1975-09-12 | 1976-03-13 | 1976-09-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1979-09-12 | 1980-03-13 | 1980-09-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1983-09-12 | 1984-03-13 | 1984-09-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |