US3684007A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Composite structure for boiling liquids and its formation
Assignee: Union Carbide Corp
•
Filing: 1970-12-29
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Granted: 1972-08-15
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Expires: 1990-12-29
Abstract
Abstract A composite metal structure for boiling liquids comprising a smooth surface metal substrate and a cover sheet bonded to the substrate with sub-surface cavities and spaced restricted openings extending through the cover sheet being joined to the cavities.
Inventors
- 👤 Elias George Ragi
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 05:03
CPC Classifications
F; F28; F28F; F28F13/00; F28F13/18; F28F13/185; F28F13/187; B; B21; B21D; B21D53/00; B21D53/02; F28F21/00; F28F21/08; F28F21/081; F28F21/084; F28F21/085; F28F2255/00; F28F2255/20; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T29/00; Y10T29/49; Y10T29/4935; Y10T29/49377; Y10T29/49378
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
37 words
A boiling to heat transfer surface formed from a composite metal structure according to claim 1 wherein said cover sheet is shaped to form a multiplicity of discrete sections raised from said metal substrate as said cavities.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
50 words
A boiling to heat transfer surface formed from a composite metal structure according to claim 1 wherein said cover sheet is shaped to form a multiplicity of discrete sections raised from said metal substrate as said cavities, with each raised section surrounded by unraised sections bonded to said cover sheet.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
45 words
A boiling to heat transfer surface formed from a composite metal structure according to claim 1 wherein said cover sheet is shaped to form a multiplicity of discrete sections raised from said metal substrate as said cavities, and said restricted openings have irregular non-circular cross-sections.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
A boiling to heat transfer surface formed from a composite metal structure according to claim 1 wherein each cavity has an effective diameter of at least 0.006 inch.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
48 words
A boiling to heat transfer surface formed from a composite metal structure according to claim 4 wherein said discrete sections are pyramid-shaped with the tip end of each pyramid pointing downwardly toward the substrate surface, and at least one of said restricted openings extends through each tip end.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
49 words
A boiling to heat transfer surface formed from a composite metal structure according to claim 4 wherein said discrete sections are pyramid-shaped with the tip end of each pyramid pointing upwardly away from the substrate surface and at least one of said restricted openings extends through each tip end.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
39 words
A boiling to heat transfer surface formed from a composite metal structure according to claim 2 wherein said cover sheet is shaped to provide fluid communication passages between at least some of said cavities adjacently positioned to each other.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
91 words
A boiling to heat transfer surface formed from a composite metal structure according to claim 1 wherein said cover sheet is metal foil shaped to form a multiplicity of discrete pyramid sections raised from said metal substrate as said cavities with the tip end of each pyramid pointing upwardly away from the substrate surface, holes of irregular non-circular cross-section pierced through said tip end of each pyramid comprise said restricted openings, and the unraised sections of said foil surround said pyramid sections with the foil bottom side bonded to the substrate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
100 words
A boiling to heat transfer surface formed from a composite metal structure according to claim 1 wherein said cover sheet is metal foil shaped to form a multiplicity of discrete pyramid sections raised from said metal substrate with holes of irregular non-circular cross-section pierced through the tip end of each pyramid, being positioned with said tip ends pointing downwardly toward said substrate and the tip end bonded thereto with unbonded gaps between said tip end and said substrate forming said restricted openings, and the space bounded by said substrate, the shaped foil and the pyramid tip ends forming said cavities.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
83 words
A boiling to heat transfer surface formed from a composite metal structure according to claim 1 wherein said cover sheet comprises a sheet having a series of corrugations arranged in longitudinal rows parallel to each other with separating valleys between adjacent corrugations bonded to said substrate, each corrugation having transverse slits to form corrugation sections with longitudinally alternate sections in each corrugation being transversely displaced in the same direction and the transversely aligned sections of adjacent corrugations being displaced in the same direction.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
71 words
A boiling to heat transfer surface formed from a composite metal structure according to claim 1 wherein said cover sheet is bonded to said substrate and is provided with a multiplicity of spaced venturi-type openings extending through the cover sheet cross-section with the larger cross-sectional portion adjacent to said substrate and forming said cavities, and the smaller cross-sectional portion communicating with the cover sheet outer surface and forming said restricted openings.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
30 words
A boiling to heat transfer surface formed from a composite metal structure according to claim 1 wherein the effective diameter ratio of restricted openings to cavities is less than 0.7.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
79 words
A method for forming a boiling to heat transfer surface formed from a composite metal structure comprising: providing a die having at least 25 spaced pyramid shaped projections per inch2 of die surface area and pressing same against a thin metal foil backed by a resilient surface to initially form discrete pyramid shaped sections in the foil; piercing the tip ends to form holes of irregular non-circular cross-section; and bonding the shaped foil to a smooth surface metal substrate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
76 words
A method according to claim 14 wherein the pierced pyramid tip ends are positioned upwardly away from said substrate, and the unraised sections of the foil bottom side are bonded to said substrate with said holes forming restricted openings to cavities formed by said pyramid shaped sections such that the cavities have an effective diameter of at least 0.003 inch and the effective diameter ratio of said restricted openings to said cavities is less than 0.8.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
71 words
A method according to claim 14 wherein the pierced pyramid tip ends are positioned downwardly toward said substrate and bonded thereto with unbonded gaps between said tip ends and said substrate forming restricted openings to cavities formed by said pyramid shaped sections such that the cavities have an effective diameter of at least 0.003 inch and the effective diameter ratio of said restricted openings to said cavities is less than 0.8.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US1228816A
Cited
US3384154A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1975-08-15 | 1976-02-14 | 1976-08-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1979-08-15 | 1980-02-14 | 1980-08-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1983-08-15 | 1984-02-14 | 1984-08-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |