Protective relay using an indicator and alarm circuit

Claim 2

An indicator and alarm control apparatus comprising a pair of input terminals adapted to be energized by an actuating signal, a signal indicating device, a signal alarm device, an indicating network including said indicating device, an alarm network including said alarm, said indicating network including a pair of control terminals effective when in a first energized condition to render said indicating network effective to energize said indicating device and further indicating means maintaining said indicating device energized until it is deenergized by a reset device irrespective of the energization of the control terminals of said indicating network, said alarm network including a pair of control terminals and being effective on a consequence of the initial flowing of said contact terminals in a first energized condition to render said alarm network effective to energize said alarm device, said alarm network further including automatic control means effective to deenergize said alarm after said control terminals of said alarm network have been maintained in their said first energized condition for a predetermined time interval, said control means further being effective to maintain said alarm deenergized at least until the termination of said energized condition of said control terminals of said alarm network and means connecting said control terminals of each said network to said input terminals for placement of said contact terminals in their said first condition as a consequence of the energization of the input terminals with said actuation signal.

Claim 3

The combination of claim 1 in which there is provided a time delay apparatus, said time delay apparatus being connected intermediate said input terminals and said contact terminals of at least one of said networks, said control means of said alarm network being effective to maintain said alarm device energized for a time interval irrespective of the termination of said first energized condition of said contact terminals of said alarm network.

Claim 4

An indicator and an alarm control apparatus comprising a plurality of energizable networks, each said network including a control circuit connected to a pair of signal terminals, and a main circuit, each said control circuit including a switch which is rendered in a first state as a consequence of the applications of a start signal to the said signal terminals associated with its respective said control circuit to actuate the said main circuit which is associated therewith, each said switch being effective to maintain the said main circuit controlled thereby in its actuated condition irrespective of the continued application Of said first signal to its said pair of start terminals, a first pair of input terminals adapted to be energized by an actuating signal, means connecting said signal terminals of a first and a second of said netwoks to said first pair of input terminals and effective upon the application of said actuating signal to said pair of input terminals to supply said start signals to said signal terminals of said first and second networks, said control circuit of said second network including means automatically terminating the application of said start signal to the said switch of said second network, said main circuit of said second network including means interrupting the actuation thereof independently of the operation of said switch associated therewith.

Claim 5

An indicator and an alarm control apparatus comprising a plurality of energizable networks, each said network including a control circuit connected to a pair of signal terminals, and a main circuit, each said control circuit including a switch which is rendered in a first state as a consequence of the applications of a start signal to the said signal terminals associated with its respective said control circuit to actuate the said main circuit which is associated therewith, each said switch being effective to maintain the said main circuit controlled thereby in its actuated condition irrespective of the continued application Of said first signal to its said pair of start terminals, a first pair of input terminals adapted to be energized by an actuating signal, means connecting said signal terminals of a first and a second of said netwoks to said first pair of input terminals and effective upon the application of said actuating signal to said pair of input terminals to supply said start signals to said signal terminals of said first and second networks, said control circuit of said second network including means automatically terminating the application of said start signal to the said switch of said second network, said main circuit of said second network including means interrupting the actuation thereof independently of the operation of said switch associated therewith.

Claim 6

The combination of claim 3 in which said means for terminating said start signal includes a capacitor, connected in series in said control circuit of said second network intermediate its respective said signal terminals and its respective said switch, and there is an impedance connected between said signal terminals of said second network.

Claim 7

The combination of claim 4 in which said means for interrupting the actuation of said main circuit of said second network includes a capacitor connected in series with said switch of said second network.

Claim 8

The combination of claim 3 in which there is provided a second pair of input terminals, said signal terminals of a third of said networks and of said second network being connected to said second pair of input terminals, first and second pulse producing circuits, means connecting said signal terminals of said second network to said first and second pairs of input terminals individually through said first and second pulse producing circuits respectively, each said pulse producing circuit being effective to produce a single pulse for each continued energization of the said pair of input terminals to which it is connected.

Claim 9

A protective relaying apparatus for an electrical transmission line comprising a plurality of operating circuits, each said circuit having a normal and an actuated operating condition, an alarm and indicator network, said network comprising a plurality of annunciator circuits, and at least one warning circuit, said warning circuits each having a set and a warning operation condition, each of said annunciator circuits having a first and a second operating condition, means individually connecting said plurality of operating circuits with said plurality of annunciator circuits for individual energization of said annunciator circuits from their said first to their said second conditions as a consequence of the change in the operating condition of the associated said operating circuits from its said normal condition to its said actuated condition, means connecting said warning circuit to at least one of said operating circuits for actuation of said warning circuit from its said set condition to its said warning condition each time said one operating circuit changes its state from its said normal condition to its said actuated condition, said network including timing means and a resetting means, said timing means being effective to return said waring circuit to its said set condition at the expiration of its timing interval, said network including means for maintaining each said annunciator circuit in its said second condition until reset by said resetting means.

Claim 10

A protective relaying apparatus for an electrical transmission line comprising a plurality of operating circuits, each said circuit having a normal and an actuated operating condition, an alarm and indicator network, said network comprising a plurality of annunciator circuits, and at least one warning circuit, said warning circuits each having a set and a warning operation condition, each of said annunciator circuits having a first and a second operating condition, means individually connecting said plurality of operating circuits with said plurality of annunciator circuits for individual energization of said annunciator circuits from their said first to their said second conditions as a consequence of the change in the operating condition of the associated said operating circuits from its said normal condition to its said actuated condition, means connecting said warning circuit to at least one of said operating circuits for actuation of said warning circuit from its said set condition to its said warning condition each time said one operating circuit changes its state from its said normal condition to its said actuated condition, said network including timing means and a resetting means, said timing means being effective to return said waring circuit to its said set condition at the expiration of its timing interval, said network including means for maintaining each said annunciator circuit in its said second condition until reset by said resetting means.

Claim 11

The combination of claim 7 in which a first of said operating circuits includes first fault detecting apparatus and a second of said operating circuits includes a signal detecting apparatus, said signal detecting apparatus providing a first output when no signal is being received thereby, and said fault detecting apparatus providing a first output in response to the actuation thereby of a fault, said first operating circuit being changed from its said normal to its said actuated condition in response to the actuation thereof by said first output of said fault detecting apparatus and said seconD operating circuit being changed from its said normal to its said actuated condition in response to the actuation thereby of said first output of said signal detecting apparatus whereby said annunciator circuits will provide a continued indication of which undesired operation has occurred and said warning circuit will warn of each occurrence thereof.

Claim 12

The combination of claim 8 in which each of said individual connecting means includes an actuator having first and second portions connected for movement energization by each occurrence of the said first output from the associated said detecting apparatus and in which the associated said annunciator is actuated to its said second operating condition of the energization of said first portion of the associated said actuator and the associated said warning circuit is actuated to its said warning condition by the energization of said second portion of the associated said actuator.

Claim 13

The combination of claim 9 in which each of said individual connecting means includes a timing device whereby the associated said actuator is energized solely subsequent to a determined time period after the associated said operating circuit is placed in its said second operation condition.

Claim 14

The combination of claim 10 in which each of said timing devices comprise a resistor and a capacitor in series connection, each of said operating circuits when in its said second operating condition providing a potential output across said timing device of the respective said individual connecting means, each said actuator including a breakover device operable to provide a high impedance to current flow when the potential thereacross is below a critical value and to break over and conduct at a lower impedance when the potential thereacross reaches its said critical value, said first and second portions of each said actuator comprising first and second impedance elements, said first and second portions and said breakover device of each said actuator being connected in series with each other and in shunt with said capacitor of the associated said timing device, each of said annunciator circuits comprising an illuminable device and a first switch connected to the said first impedance element of the associated said actuator to energize its associated said illuminable device as a consequence of the energization of said associated said first impedance element, each of said first switches being of the type which is ineffective to interrupt circuit flow therethrough, said warning circuit comprising an audible device and an energization controlling means therefor, means connecting said energization controlling means to at least two of said second impedance elements, said energization controlling means being effective upon the energization of either of said two of said second impedance elements to actuate said audible device solely for a determined time irrespective of the continued energization of the said second impedance element which causes said energizing controlling means to actuate said audible device.

Claim 15

The combination of claim 11 in which said connecting means comprises a device and first and said energy level controlling devices, said second switch and said first storage device being connected in series circuit with said audible device whereby the change in energy storage in said first storage device from a first to a second energy level caused by the operation of said second switch actuates said audible device, means connecting said first energy level controlling device to said first storage device for changing the energy level thereof from said second to said first level, said means which connects said energizing controlling means to said two impedances including said second storage device, said second storage device being effective to maintain said second switch operated for a determined interval as a consequence of a change in the energy level thereof from a first level to a second level, and means connecting said second energy level controlling dEvice to said second storage device for changing the energy level thereof from its said second to its said first level.

Claim 16

The combination of claim 12 in which said first and second impedance elements are all resistors of the same resistance magnitude, said energization devices are capacitors, said energy level controlling devices are resistors, said resistors of each said actuator being connected in series with said resistor of its associated said timing device, the magnitude of the resistance of said resistor of each said timing network being so related to the magnitude of the potential supplied to such timing network from the associated said operating network in its said actuated condition, that the current flow therethrough is insufficient to maintain the associated second said impedance element effective to render its associated said second switch operated.

Claim 17

An alarm and indicator network comprising a pair of input terminals, a first timing resistor, a first timing capacitor, means connecting said resistor and capacitor in a first series circuit between said input terminals, said first series circuit being effective upon energization of said input terminal for not less than a minimum time interval to alter the changed condition of said capacitor to prevent a first potential thereacross, a first voltage sensitive switch, first indicator control resistor and a first alarm control resistor, means connecting said switch and said first control resistors in a second series circuit means connecting said second series circuit in shunt with said capacitor, said voltage sensitive switch being effective to conduct when the potential across said capacitor reaches said first potential, a first indicator controlling switch and a first alarm controlling switch, each of said indicator and said alarm switches having a main circuit and a contact circuit, said first switch being of the type that when one is transferred from its said first to its said second condition will not return to its said first condition, means connecting said control circuit of said first indicator switch to said control resistor, whereby a predetermined energization of said indicator control resistor will transfer said first indicator switch from its said first to its said second condition, a first indicator means connecting said indicator to said first indicator switch for actuation when said first indicator switch is in its said second condition, means for transferring said first indicator switch from its said second to its said first condition, an alarm network, said alarm network comprising an alarm and means including said first alarm switch for initiating the energization of said alarm, means connecting said alarm initiating means to said alarm control resistor whereby a predetermined energization of said alarm control resistor will transfer said first alarm switch from its said first to its said second condition, said alarm network being effective to energize said alarm when said alarm switch is transferred to its said second condition, and alarm interrupting means rendering said alarm network ineffective to maintain said alarm energized ineffective of the continued energization of said pair of input terminals.

Claim 18

An alarm and indicator network comprising a pair of input terminals, a first timing resistor, a first timing capacitor, means connecting said resistor and capacitor in a first series circuit between said input terminals, said first series circuit being effective upon energization of said input terminal for not less than a minimum time interval to alter the changed condition of said capacitor to prevent a first potential thereacross, a first voltage sensitive switch, first indicator control resistor and a first alarm control resistor, means connecting said switch and said first control resistors in a second series circuit means connecting said second series circuit in shunt with said capacitor, said voltage sensitive switch being effective to conduct when the potential across said capacitor reaches said first potential, a first indicator controlling switch and a first alarm controlling switch, each of said indicator and said alarm switches having a main circuit and a contact circuit, said first switch being of the type that when one is transferred from its said first to its said second condition will not return to its said first condition, means connecting said control circuit of said first indicator switch to said control resistor, whereby a predetermined energization of said indicator control resistor will transfer said first indicator switch from its said first to its said second condition, a first indicator means connecting said indicator to said first indicator switch for actuation when said first indicator switch is in its said second condition, means for transferring said first indicator switch from its said second to its said first condition, an alarm network, said alarm network comprising an alarm and means including said first alarm switch for initiating the energization of said alarm, means connecting said alarm initiating means to said alarm control resistor whereby a predetermined energization of said alarm control resistor will transfer said first alarm switch from its said first to its said second condition, said alarm network being effective to energize said alarm when said alarm switch is transferred to its said second condition, and alarm interrupting means rendering said alarm network ineffective to maintain said alarm energized ineffective of the continued energization of said pair of input terminals.

Claim 19

The combination of claim 14 in which a first signal voltage source is selectably connected to said input terminals, the magnitude of said source voltage being relative to the magnitude of the resistance of said first timing resistor and of said alarm control resistor so as to reduce the energization of said alarm control resistor to a value below its said predetermined energization.

Claim 20

The combination of claim 15 in which said alarm switch is of the type that when once transferred to its said second condition will not return to its said first condition, and alarm interrupting means being effective to return said alarm switch to its said first condition at the expiration of a desired time interval.

Claim 21

The combination of claim 16 in which said second condition of said alarm switch is A current conducting condition said alarm network connects said alarm in series with said alarm switch, and said alarm interrupting means comprises a capacitor connected in series with said alarm, and discharge means associated with said last-named capacitor, said discharge means being effective to discharge said last-named capacitor when said alarm switch is in its said first operating condition.

Claim 22

The combination of claim 17 in which there is provided a second indicating means and a second indicator controlling switch and a second indicator and a second pair of input terminals and a second timing resistor and a second timing capacitor and a second indicator control resistor and a second alarm control resistor and a second voltage sensitive switch and a second signal voltage source, means connecting said second timing resistor and said second timing capacitor in a third series circuit between said second pair of input terminals, means selectively connecting said second signal voltage means to said second pair of input terminals, means connecting said second control resistors and said second voltage sensitive switch in a fourth series circuit, means connecting said fourth series circuit in shunt with said second timing capacitor, means connecting said second indicator switch to said second indicator control resistor whereby a predetermined energization of said indicator control resistor will transfer said second indicator switch from its said first to its said second condition, a second indicator, means connecting said second indicator to said second indicator switch for actuation when said second indicator switch is in its said second condition, means connecting said alarm initiating means to said second alarm control resistor whereby a predetermined energization of said alarm control resistor will transfer said alarm switch from its said first to its said second condition, the magnitude of said second source voltage being related to the magnitude of the resistance of said second timing resistor and of said second alarm control resistor so as to reduce the energization of said second alarm control resistor to a value below its said predetermined energization, first and second asymmetric current flow devices, said first asymmetric device being connected in said means which connects said alarm initiating means to said first alarm control resistor, said second asymmetric device being connected in said means which connects said alarm initiating means to said second alarm control resistor.