US3680950A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Grandjean state liquid crystalline imaging system
Assignee: Xerox Corp
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Filing: 1971-03-15
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Granted: 1972-08-01
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Expires: 1991-03-15
Abstract
Abstract A system which transforms a liquid crystalline composition having cholesteric optical characteristics from the focal-conic or ''''undisturbed'''' texture state into the Grandjean or ''''disturbed'''' texture state by an applied A.C. electrical field, and an imaging system wherein such a liquid crystalline member is imaged in a desired image configuration by the A.C. electrical field-induced texture transition system. Such transformed compositions exhibit colors and memory characteristics.
Inventors
- 👤 Werner E L Haas
- 👤 James E Adams Jr
- 👤 John B Flannery Jr
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-22 22:00
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09K; C09K19/00; C09K19/04; C09K19/42; C09K19/50; G; G02; G02F; G02F1/00; G02F1/01; G02F1/13; G02F1/137; G02F1/13718; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S359/00; Y10S359/90
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
43 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the liquid crystalline composition having cholesteric optical characteristics comprises a mixture of a cholesteric liquid crystalline material and a material selected from the group consisting of: nematic liquid crystalline materials, smectic liquid crystalline materials, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method of claim 1 have the liquid crystalline composition comprises a material whose molecules have a net dipole moment which makes an acute angle in the range between about 45* and about 90* with the major molecular axis.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the liquid crystalline composition comprises a material whose molecules have a permanent dipole moment which makes an acute angle in the range between about 45* and about 90* with the major molecular axis.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the liquid crystalline composition comprises a material whose molecules have an electrically induced dipole moment which makes an acute angle in the range between about 45* and about 90* with the major molecular axis.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the liquid crystalline composition comprises a material selected from the group consisting of: cholesteryl oleyl carbonate, cholesteryl erucate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said liquid crystalline composition comprises anisylidene-p-n-butylaniline.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said liquid crystalline composition comprises a mixture of cholesteryl oleyl carbonate and anisylidene-p-n-butylaniline wherein the cholesteryl oleyl carbonate comprises at least about 20 percent of said mixture.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said A.C. electrical field is of fieLd strength in the range between about 103 Vrms/cm. and about 106 Vrms/cm.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said layer of liquid crystalline composition is of a thickness not greater than about 10 mils.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said layer of liquid crystalline composition is of a thickness in the range between about one-half mil and about 5 mils.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 1 further including viewing said layer of liquid crystalline composition with reflected light and the composition in the transformed Grandjean texture state exhibits a selective reflection color in the visible spectrum.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1 further including viewing said layer of liquid crystalline composition between plane polarizers in transmitted light.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1 further including viewing said layer of liquid crystalline composition with circular polarizers in transmitted light.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 1 including providing said electrical field by a plurality of coplanar electrodes electrically connected to a source of A.C. electrical potential.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 1 including providing said electrical field by at least two electrodes which are on opposite sides of the layer of liquid crystalline composition.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 16 wherein at least one of said electrodes is substantially transparent.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
20 words
An imaging method comprising the method of claim 1 wherein said layer of liquid crystalline composition is in image configuration.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
The imaging method of claim 18 including viewing the layer of liquid crystalline composition between polarizers in transmitted light.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
97 words
An imaging method comprising the steps of: providing a layer of liquid crystalline composition having cholesteric optical characteristics, providing said composition in its focal-conic texture state; and applying an A.C. electrical field in imagewise configuration to said composition layer, said A.C. electrical field having a frequency which is sufficient to suppress ion flow within the image portions of the liquid crystalline layer thereby causing the composition in the image portions of said layer to be transformed into the Grandjean texture state whereby the image portions of said layer are distinguishable from the background portions of said layer.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
30 words
The imaging method as defined in claim 20 including providing said electrical field by at least two electrodes which are on opposite side of the layer of liquid crystalline composition.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
20 words
The imaging method as defined in claim 21 wherein at least one of said electrodes is shaped in image configuration.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
28 words
The imaging method as defined in claim 21 wherein at least two electrodes on opposite sides of the layer of liquid crystalline composition are shaped in image configurations.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
24 words
The imaging method of claim 22 wherein the imagewise electrode is accompanied by a coplanar imagewise electrode which is complementary to said imagewise electrode.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
26 words
The imaging method of claim 22 wherein both electrodes are substantially transparent and including viewing the layer of liquid crystalline composition between polarizers in transmitted light.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
27 words
The imaging method as defined in claim 20 including applying the A.C. electrical field to the layer of liquid crystalline composition by an A.C. electrically biased stylus.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
20 words
The imaging method of claim 22 wherein said electrode in image configuration comprises a plurality of coplanar electrically conductive strips.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
19 words
The imaging method of claim 27 including viewing the layer of liquid crystalline composition between polarizers in transmitted light.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1975-08-01 | 1976-01-31 | 1976-08-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1979-08-01 | 1980-01-31 | 1980-08-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1983-08-01 | 1984-01-31 | 1984-08-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |