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US3676770A
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Pulse sampling battery fuel gauging and resistance metering method and means
Assignee: Anderson Power Products Inc
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Filing: 1970-05-15
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Granted: 1972-07-11
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Expires: 1990-05-15
Abstract
Abstract A continuously operating low dissipation system for sensing the electrical resistance of an element while the element carries a normal operating current. A pulse of electrical energy having a regulated ohm''s law related first parameter is switched through the element while a second ohm''s law related parameter of the element''s response to the energy pulse is simultaneously measured. These two known parameters provide the information necessary to determine the element''s resistance using Ohm''s law. In the preferred embodiment voltage and current are used as the two parameters. The system is calibrated for the regulated level of the first parameter while the second parameter is amplified and stored in a sampling circuit for continuous display between pulses as an indication of resistance. The pulse techniques of this disclosure allow continuous operation of the system without heating of the resistive element or excessive power use. The resistance indication is additionally useful for indicating the remaining charge in a battery where the indicated resistance is the battery''s internal resistance. A distinct battery terminal voltage indication is also given.
Inventors
- 👤 Harold M Sharaf
- 👤 Richard L Eby
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 01:36
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01R; G01R27/00; G01R27/02; G01R27/20; G01R27/205; G01R31/00; G01R31/36; G01R31/389; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S320/00; Y10S320/18; Y10S320/21
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
135 words
A low dissipation system for detecting the internal resistance of a battery comprising: a. means for switching through said battery a pulse of electrical energy with a regulated Ohm''s law related first parameter, said pulse of electrical energy defining a pulse state between adjacent ambient states; b. means for sensing a second Ohm''s law related parameter which is characteristic of the Ohm''s law response of said internal resistance of said battery to the first parameter of said pulse of electrical energy passing through said battery, said second parameter being representative of said battery''s internal resistance; and, c. sample and hold means for sampling and then holding during the ambient state between pulse states a signal representative of the second parameter response of said battery as sensed by said sensing means during a preceding pulse state.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
135 words
A low dissipation system for detecting the internal resistance of a battery comprising: a. means for switching through said battery a pulse of electrical energy with a regulated Ohm''s law related first parameter, said pulse of electrical energy defining a pulse state between adjacent ambient states; b. means for sensing a second Ohm''s law related parameter which is characteristic of the Ohm''s law response of said internal resistance of said battery to the first parameter of said pulse of electrical energy passing through said battery, said second parameter being representative of said battery''s internal resistance; and, c. sample and hold means for sampling and then holding during the ambient state between pulse states a signal representative of the second parameter response of said battery as sensed by said sensing means during a preceding pulse state.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
138 words
A battery fuel gauge system with a low battery drain for indicating the charge state of a battery comprising: a. means for conducting from said battery a pulse of electrical energy with a regulated Ohm''s law related first parameter, said pulse of electrical energy defining a pulse state between adjacent ambient states; b. means for sensing a second Ohm''s law related parameter characteristic of the Ohm''s law response of the internal resistance of said battery to the first parameter of said pulse of electrical energy conducted from said battery, said second parameter being representative of said internal resistance; and, c. sample and hold means for sampling and then holding during the ambient state between pulse states a signal representative of the second parameter response of said battery as sensed by said sensing means during a preceding pulse state.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
138 words
A battery fuel gauge system with a low battery drain for indicating the charge state of a battery comprising: a. means for conducting from said battery a pulse of electrical energy with a regulated Ohm''s law related first parameter, said pulse of electrical energy defining a pulse state between adjacent ambient states; b. means for sensing a second Ohm''s law related parameter characteristic of the Ohm''s law response of the internal resistance of said battery to the first parameter of said pulse of electrical energy conducted from said battery, said second parameter being representative of said internal resistance; and, c. sample and hold means for sampling and then holding during the ambient state between pulse states a signal representative of the second parameter response of said battery as sensed by said sensing means during a preceding pulse state.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
33 words
The system of claim 2 characterized by a varying load being connected across said battery whereby the battery continuously supplies power to the load so that ambient energy continuously passes from said battery.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
39 words
The system of claim 2 further characterized by said battery supplying operating power for said system through a decoupling means, said decoupling means isolating the power supply for the system from the effects of the pulse of electrical energy.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
78 words
The system of claim 2 further characterized by output means coupled to said battery and said sample and hold means for indicating on a first scale of a meter a value representative of said battery''s charge in terms of said battery''s internal resistance when the signal held by said sample and hold means exceeds a first preset level and indicating on a second scale of a meter said battery''s output voltage when it exceeds a second preset level.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
29 words
The system of claim 5 wherein said output means provides means for indicating when the battery''s condition is not such as to generate a meter indication in either scale.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
184 words
The system of claim 5 wherein: a. said indicating means further includes a meter of the zero center type having said first scale to one side of zero and said second scale to the other side of zero; and b. meter scale expanding circuit means connected between said battery and one of said meter terminals, said meter scale expanding circuit means producing a first signal which increases from zero representative of the amount by which said battery''s output voltage exceeds said second preset level, and which is substantially non-zero under normal battery load conditions only when said battery is nearly fully charged; c. differential amplifier means having a first input coupled to the output of said sample and hold means, a second input coupled to a bias voltage means, and an output coupled to the other terminal of said meter, said differential amplifier producing a second signal which increases from zero representative of the amount by which the signal held by said sample and hold means exceeds said first preset level only and which is substantially non-zero only when said battery is near discharge.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
65 words
The system of claim 7 characterized by: a. said battery continuously operating to supply power to a varying load connected across said battery whereby ambient electrical energy continuously passes from said battery; and b. said battery supplying operating power for said system through a decoupling means, said decoupling means isolating the power supply for the system from the effects of said pulse of electrical energy.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
147 words
A method of generating an indication of battery charge condition operable with a battery while said battery is in service supplying power to a varying load comprising the steps of: a. periodically pulsing a pulse of energy with a regulated Ohm''s law related first parameter out of said battery for a pulse duration short with respect to the time between pulses; b. sensing a second Ohm''s law related parameter which is characteristic of the Ohm''s law response of said battery to said pulse during said pulse; c. sampling and holding for the interval between pulses, a signal representative of the sensed second parameter response of said battery during a preceding pulse; and, d. displaying on a meter an indication of battery charge condition by exciting the meter with the signal sampled and held in said sampling step, said metering, being calibrated in terms of battery charge condition.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
147 words
A method of generating an indication of battery charge condition operable with a battery while said battery is in service supplying power to a varying load comprising the steps of: a. periodically pulsing a pulse of energy with a regulated Ohm''s law related first parameter out of said battery for a pulse duration short with respect to the time between pulses; b. sensing a second Ohm''s law related parameter which is characteristic of the Ohm''s law response of said battery to said pulse during said pulse; c. sampling and holding for the interval between pulses, a signal representative of the sensed second parameter response of said battery during a preceding pulse; and, d. displaying on a meter an indication of battery charge condition by exciting the meter with the signal sampled and held in said sampling step, said metering, being calibrated in terms of battery charge condition.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
119 words
The method of claim 9 characterized by said displaying step further comprising: a. directing current through said meter in a first direction when the signal sampled and held exceeds a preset level therefor, the level of current through said meter in said first direction being representative of the signal stored; and b. directing current through said meter in a second direction when the signal sampled and held is below said preset level therefor and said battery''s voltage output is above a preset level therefor, the level of current through said meter in said second direction being representative of the amount by which said battery''s voltage output exceeds the preset level therefor, said meter being of the zero center type.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
91 words
A battery condition meter comprising: a. means for developing a signal representative of a battery''s internal resistance; b. output means for indicating on a first scale of a meter a value representative of said battery''s charge in terms of said battery''s internal resistance when the signal developed by said developing means exceeds a first preset level, and for indicating on a second scale of a meter, said battery''s output voltage when it exceeds a second preset level and the signal developed by said developing means is below the first preset level.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
91 words
A battery condition meter comprising: a. means for developing a signal representative of a battery''s internal resistance; b. output means for indicating on a first scale of a meter a value representative of said battery''s charge in terms of said battery''s internal resistance when the signal developed by said developing means exceeds a first preset level, and for indicating on a second scale of a meter, said battery''s output voltage when it exceeds a second preset level and the signal developed by said developing means is below the first preset level.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
179 words
The system of claim 11 wherein: a. said meter is of the zero center type having said first scale to one side of zero and said second scale to the other side of zero; and b. meter scale expanding circuit means connected between said battery and one of said meter terminals, said meter scale expanding circuit means producing a first signal which increases from zero representative of the amount by which said battery''s output voltage exceeds said second preset level, and which is substantially non-zero under normal battery load conditions only when said battery Is nearly fully charged; c. differential amplifier means having a first input coupled to the output of said sample and hold means, a second input coupled to a bias voltage means, and an output coupled to the other terminal of said meter, said differential amplifier producing a second signal which increases from zero representative of the amount by which the signal held by said sample and hold means exceeds said first preset level and which is substantially non-zero only when said battery is near discharge.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2654865A
Cited
US3405352A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1975-07-11 | 1976-01-10 | 1976-07-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1979-07-11 | 1980-01-10 | 1980-07-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1983-07-11 | 1984-01-10 | 1984-07-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |