Selectively polarized antenna employing impedance matched crossed dipoles

Claim 2

An antenna which can be polarized to transmit signals of a predetermined frequency along one axis or can be polarized to transmit signals of said predetermined frequency along a second axis that is angularly displaced from said one axis and which comprises an antenna element that can be mounted so it is parallel to said one axis, a second antenna element that is angularly displaced from the first said antenna element and that can be mounted so it is parallel to said second axis, connecting means electrically connecting said antenna elements to each other adjacent the mid-points of said antenna elements, a selector switch, a down lead connected to and extending from said selector switch, a transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said first said antenna element, impedance-matching means connected between said transmission line and two predetermined points on said first said antenna element which are located on opposite sides of said connecting means and which are displaced from said connecting means, a second transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said second antenna element, and a second impedance-matching means connected between said second transmission line and two predetermined points on said second antenna element which are located on opposite sides of said connecting means and which are displaced from said connecting means, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said second transmission line and to connect said down lead to the first said transmission line to polarize said antenna along said one axis, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said first said transmission line and to connect said down lead to said second transmission line to polarize said antenna along said second axis.

Claim 3

An antenna as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first said antenna element has an electrical loading coil spaced inwardly of one end thereof and has a second electrical loaDing coil spaced inwardly of the opposite end thereof, and wherein said second antenna element has an electrical loading coil spaced inwardly of one end thereof and has a second electrical loading coil spaced inwardly of the opposite end thereof.

Claim 4

An antenna as claimed in claim 1 wherein said transmission lines are balanced transmission lines.

Claim 5

An antenna as claimed in claim 1 wherein the first said antenna element is a dipole, and wherein said second antenna element is a dipole.

Claim 6

An antenna which can be polarized along one axis or can be polarized along a second axis that is angularly displaced from said one axis and which comprises an antenna element that can be mounted so it is parallel to said one axis, a second antenna element that is angularly displaced from the first said antenna element and that can be mounted so it is parallel to said second axis, a selector switch, a down lead connected to and extending from said selector switch, a transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said first said antenna element, impedance-matching means connected between said transmission line and two predetermined points on said first said antenna element on opposite sides to the mid-point of said first said antenna element, a second transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said second antenna element, a second impedance-matching means connected between said second transmission line and two predetermined points on said second antenna element on opposite sides of the mid-point of said second antenna element, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said second transmission line and to connect said down lead to the first said transmission line to polarize said antenna along said one axis, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said first said transmission line and to connect said down lead to said second transmission line to polarize said antenna along said second axis, the first said impedance-matching means including a capacitor and a conductor which connect one conductor of said first said transmission line to one of said predetermined points on said first said antenna element and also including a second capacitor and a second conductor which connect the other conductor of said first said transmission line to the other of said predetermined points on said first said antenna element, and said second impedance-matching means including a third capacitor and a third conductor which connect one conductor of said second transmission line to one of said predetermined points on said second antenna element and also including a fourth capacitor and a fourth conductor which connect the other conductor of said second transmission line to the other of said predetermined points on said second antenna element.

Claim 7

An antenna which can be polarized along one axis or can be polarized along a second axis that is angularly displaced from said one axis and which comprises an antenna element that can be mounted so it is parallel to said one axis, a second antenna element that is angularly displaced from the first said antenna element and that can be mounted so it is parallel to said second axis, a selector switch, a down lead connected to and extending from said selector switch, a transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said first said antenna element, impedance-matching means connected between said transmission line and two predetermined points on said first said antenna element on opposite sides to the mid-point of said first said antenna element, a second transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said second antenna element, a second impedance-matching means connected between said second transmission line and two predetermined points on said second antenna element on opposite sides of the mid-point of said second antenna element, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said second transmission line and to connect said down lead to the first said transmission line to polarize said antenna along said one axis, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said first said transmission line and to connect said down lead to said second transmission line to polarize said antenna along said second axis, the first said impedance-matching means including a capacitor and a conductor which connect one conductor of said first said transmission line to one of said predetermined points on said first said antenna element and also including a second capacitor and a second conductor which connect the other conductor of said first said transmission line to the other of said predetermined points on said first said antenna element, and said second impedance-matching means including a third capacitor and a third conductor which connect one conductor of said second transmission line to one of said predetermined points on said second antenna element and also including a fourth capacitor and a fourth conductor which connect the other conductor of said second transmission line to the other of said predetermined points on said second antenna element.

Claim 8

An antenna which can be polarized along one axis or can be polarized along a second axis that is angularly displaced from said one axis and which comprises an antenna element that can be mounted so it is parallel to said one axis, a second antenna element that is angularly displaced from the first said antenna element and that can be mounted so it is parallel to said second axis, a selector switch, a down lead connected to and extending from said selector switch, a transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said first said antenna element, impedance-matching means connected between said transmission line and two predetermined points on said first said antenna element on opposite sides to the mid-point of said first said antenna element, a second transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said second antenna element, a second impedance-matching means connected between said second transmission line and two predetermined points on said second antenna element on opposite sides of the mid-point of said second antenna element, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said second transmission line and to connect said down lead to the first said transmission line to polarize said antenna along said one axis, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said first said transmission line and to connect said down lead to said second transmission line to polarize said antenna along said second axis, the first said impedance-matching means including a capacitor and a conductor which connect one conductor of said first said transmission line to one of said predetermined points on said first said antenna element and also including a second capacitor and a second conductor which connect the other conductor of said first said transmission line to the other of said predetermined points on said first said antenna element, said second impedance-matching means including a third capacitor and a third conductor which connect one conductor of said second transmission line to one of said predetermined points on said second antenna element and also including a fourth capacitor and a fourth conductor which connect the other conductor of said second transmission line to the other of said predetermined points on said second antenna element, the first said and said second and said third and said fourth conductors being L-shaped conductors, and said first said and said second and said third and said fourth conductors being connected, respectively, between the first said and said second and said third and said fourth capacitors and said antenna elements.

Claim 9

An antenna which can be polarized along one axis or can be polarized along a second axis that is angularly displaced from said one axis and which comprises an antenna element that can be mounted so it is parallel to said one axis, a second antenna element that is angularly displaced from the first said antenna element and that can be mounted so it is parallel to said second axis, a selector switch, a down lead connected to and extending from said selector switch, a transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said first said antenna element, impedance-matching means connected between said transmission line and two predetermined points on said first said antenna element on opposite sides to the mid-point of said first said antenna element, a second transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said second antenna element, a second impedance-matching means connected between said second transmission line and two predetermined points on said second antenna element on opposite sides of the mid-point of said second antenna element, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said second transmission line and to connect said down lead to the first said transmission line to polarize said antenna along said one axis, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said first said transmission line and to connect said down lead to said second transmission line to polarize said antenna along said second axis, the first said impedance-matching means including a capacitor and a conductor which connect one conductor of said first said transmission line to one of said predetermined points on said first said antenna element and also including a second capacitor and a second conductor which connect the other conductor of said first said transmission line to the other of said predetermined points on said first said antenna element, said second impedance-matching means including a third capacitor and a third conductor which connect one conductor of said second transmission line to one of said predetermined points on said second antenna element and also including a fourth capacitor and a fourth conductor which connect the other conductor of said second transmission line to the other of said predetermined points on said second antenna element, the first said and said second and said third and said fourth conductors being L-shaped conductors, and said first said and said second and said third and said fourth conductors being connected, respectively, between the first said and said second and said third and said fourth capacitors and said antenna elements.

Claim 10

An antenna which can be polarized along a second axis that is angularly displaced from said one axis and which comprises an antenna element that can be mounted so it is parallel to said one axis, a second antenna element that is angularly displaced from the first said antenna element and that can be mounted so it is parallel to said second axis, a selector switch, a down lead connected to and extending from said selector switch, a transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said first said antenna element, impedance-matching means connected between said transmission line and two predetermined points on said first said antenna element on opposite sides to the mid-point of said first said antenna element, a second transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said second antenna element, a second impedance-matching means connected between said second transmission line and two predetermined points on said second antenna element on opposite sides of the mid-point of said second antenna element, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said second transmission line and to connect said down lead to the first said transmission line to polarize said antenna along said one axis, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said first said transmission line and to connect said down lead to said second transmission line to polarize said antenna along said second axis, the first said impedance-matching means including a capacitor and a conductor which connect one conductor of said first said transmission line to one of said predetermined points on said first said antenna element and also including a second capacitor and a second conductor which connect the other conductor of said first said transmission line to the other of said predetermined points on said first said antenna element, said second impedance-matching means including a third capacitor and a third conductor which connect one conductor of said second transmission line to one of said predetermined points on said second antenna element and also including a fourth capacitor and a fourth conductor whicH connect the other conductor of said second transmission line to the other of said predetermined points on said second antenna element, the first said capacitor and said second capacitor being enclosed within a housing adjacent said first said antenna element, and said third capacitor and said fourth capacitor being enclosed within a second housing adjacent said second antenna element.

Claim 11

An antenna which can be polarized along a second axis that is angularly displaced from said one axis and which comprises an antenna element that can be mounted so it is parallel to said one axis, a second antenna element that is angularly displaced from the first said antenna element and that can be mounted so it is parallel to said second axis, a selector switch, a down lead connected to and extending from said selector switch, a transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said first said antenna element, impedance-matching means connected between said transmission line and two predetermined points on said first said antenna element on opposite sides to the mid-point of said first said antenna element, a second transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said second antenna element, a second impedance-matching means connected between said second transmission line and two predetermined points on said second antenna element on opposite sides of the mid-point of said second antenna element, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said second transmission line and to connect said down lead to the first said transmission line to polarize said antenna along said one axis, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said first said transmission line and to connect said down lead to said second transmission line to polarize said antenna along said second axis, the first said impedance-matching means including a capacitor and a conductor which connect one conductor of said first said transmission line to one of said predetermined points on said first said antenna element and also including a second capacitor and a second conductor which connect the other conductor of said first said transmission line to the other of said predetermined points on said first said antenna element, said second impedance-matching means including a third capacitor and a third conductor which connect one conductor of said second transmission line to one of said predetermined points on said second antenna element and also including a fourth capacitor and a fourth conductor whicH connect the other conductor of said second transmission line to the other of said predetermined points on said second antenna element, the first said capacitor and said second capacitor being enclosed within a housing adjacent said first said antenna element, and said third capacitor and said fourth capacitor being enclosed within a second housing adjacent said second antenna element.

Claim 12

An antenna which can be polarized to transmit signals of a predetermined frequency along one axis or can be polarized to transmit signals of said predetermined frequency along a second axis that is angularly displaced from said one axis and which comprises an antenna element that can be mounted so it is parallel to said one axis, a second antenna element that is angularly displaced from the first said antenna element and that can be mounted so it is parallel to said second axis, connecting means electrically connecting said antenna elements to each other adjacent the mid-points of said antenna elements, a selector switch a down lead connected to and extending from said selector switch, a transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said first said antenna element, impedance-matching means connected between said transmission line and two predetermined points on said first said antenna element which are located on opposite sides of said connecting means and which are displaced from said connecting means, a second transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said second antenna element, a second impedance-matching means connected between said second transmission line and two predetermined points on said second antenna element which are located on opposite sides of said connecting means and which are displaced from said connecting means, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said second transmission line and to connect said down lead to the first said transmission line to polarize said antenna along said one axis, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said first said transmission line and to connect said down lead to said second transmission line to polarize said antenna along said second axis, said first said antenna element having an electrical loading coil spaced inwardly of one end thereof and located intermediate said one end and one of said predetermined points on said first said antenna element, said first said antenna element having a second electrical loading coil spaced inwardly of the opposite end thereof and located intermediate said opposite end and the other of said predetermined points on said first said antenna element, said second antenna element having an electrical loading coil spaced inwardly of one end thereof and located intermediate said one end and one of said predetermined points on said second antenna element, and said second antenna element having a second electrical loading coil spaced inwardly of the opposite end thereof and located intermediate said opposite end and the other of said predetermined points on said second antenna element.

Claim 13

An antenna which can be polarized to transmit signals of a predetermined frequency along one axis or can be polarized to transmit signals of said predetermined frequency along a second axis that is angularly displaced from said one axis and which comprises an antenna element that can be mounted so it is parallel to said one axis, a second antenna element that is angularly displaced from the first said antenna element and that can be mounted so it is parallel to said second axis, connecting means electrically connecting said antenna elements to each other adjacent the mid-points of said antenna elements, a selector switch a down lead connected to and extending from said selector switch, a transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said first said antenna element, impedance-matching means connected between said transmission line and two predetermined points on said first said antenna element which are located on opposite sides of said connecting means and which are displaced from said connecting means, a second transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said second antenna element, a second impedance-matching means connected between said second transmission line and two predetermined points on said second antenna element which are located on opposite sides of said connecting means and which are displaced from said connecting means, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said second transmission line and to connect said down lead to the first said transmission line to polarize said antenna along said one axis, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said first said transmission line and to connect said down lead to said second transmission line to polarize said antenna along said second axis, said first said antenna element having an electrical loading coil spaced inwardly of one end thereof and located intermediate said one end and one of said predetermined points on said first said antenna element, said first said antenna element having a second electrical loading coil spaced inwardly of the opposite end thereof and located intermediate said opposite end and the other of said predetermined points on said first said antenna element, said second antenna element having an electrical loading coil spaced inwardly of one end thereof and located intermediate said one end and one of said predetermined points on said second antenna element, and said second antenna element having a second electrical loading coil spaced inwardly of the opposite end thereof and located intermediate said opposite end and the other of said predetermined points on said second antenna element.

Claim 14

An antenna which can be polarized to transmit signals of a predetermined frequency along one axis or can be polarized to transmit signals of said predetermined frequency along a second axis that is angularly displaced from said one axis and which comprises an antenna element that can be mounted so it is parallel to said one axis, a second antenna element that is angularly displaced from the first said antenna element and that can be mounted so it is parallel to said second axis, connecting means electrically connecting said antenna elements to each other adjacent the mid-points of said antenna elements, a selector switch, a down lead connected to and extending from said selector switch, a transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjAcent said first said antenna element, impedance-matching means connected between said transmission line and two predetermined points on said first said antenna element which are located on opposite sides of said connecting means and which are displaced from said connecting means, a second transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said second antenna element, a second impedance-matching means connected between said second transmission line and two predetermined points on said second antenna element which are located on opposite sides of said connecting means and which are displaced from said connecting means, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said second transmission line and to connect said down lead to the first said transmission line to polarize said antenna along said one axis, said selector switch being selectively actuable to disconnect said down lead from said first said transmission line and to connect said down lead to said second transmission line to polarize said antenna along said second axis, said transmission lines being unbalanced transmission lines, and baluns connected to said unbalanced transmission lines.

Claim 15

An antenna which can be polarized to transmit signals of a predetermined frequency along one axis or can be polarized to transmit signals of said predetermined frequency along a second axis that is angularly displaced from said one axis and which comprises an antenna element that can be mounted so it is parallel to said one axis, a second antenna element that is angularly displaced from the first said antenna element and that can be mounted so it is parallel to said second axis, connecting means electrically connecting said antenna elements to each other adjacent the mid-points of said antenna elements, a selector switch, a down lead connected to and extending from said selector switch, a transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjAcent said first said antenna element, impedance-matching means connected between said transmission line and two predetermined points on said first said antenna element which are located on opposite sides of said connecting means and which are displaced from said connecting means, a second transmission line connected to said selector switch and extending from said selector switch to a position adjacent said second antenna element, a second impedance-matching means connected between said second transmission line and two predetermined points on said second antenna element which are located on opposite sides of said connecting means and which are displaced from said connecting means, said selector switch being selectively actuatable to disconnect said down lead from said second transmission line and to connect said down lead to the first said transmission line to polarize said antenna along said one axis, said selector switch being selectively actuable to disconnect said down lead from said first said transmission line and to connect said down lead to said second transmission line to polarize said antenna along said second axis, said transmission lines being unbalanced transmission lines, and baluns connected to said unbalanced transmission lines.