US3668951A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Force-applying tools
Assignee: NATIONAL HAND TOOL Corp A CORP OF
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Filing: 1969-10-27
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Granted: 1972-06-13
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Expires: 1989-10-27
Abstract
Abstract Force-applying hand tools, such as wrench sockets, are disclosed produced by powder metallurgy. The working portion of the tool comprises a porous sintered body of heat treatable steel composition of high strength having an average density of at least 85 percent of true density and having an adherent plating of a protective metal coating on the surface thereof.
Inventors
- 👤 Charles Robert Talmage
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 16:04
CPC Classifications
C; C22; C22C; C22C33/00; C22C33/02; C22C33/0257; C22C33/0264; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/12; Y10T428/12014; Y10T428/12028; Y10T428/12042; Y10T428/12063; Y10T428/12104; Y10T428/12111; Y10T428/12125; Y10T428/12451; Y10T428/12458; Y10T428/12493; Y10T428/12771; Y10T428/12778; Y10T428/12986
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 9
Claim 1
Independent Claim
14 words
The hand tool of claim 1, wherein said body portion is a wrench socket.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
98 words
As an articlE of manufacture a force-applying hand tool having a working portion with which force is applied during use, said portion comprising a porous sintered body of a heat treatable steel composition containing about 1 to 5 percent nickel, about 0.3 to 0.8 percent carbon and the balance essentially iron and having a density at and near the surface of said portion of at least 89 percent of true density, and a smooth adherent plating of metal selected from the group consisting of Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni and Cr covering the surface of said porous sintered body.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
The hand tool of claim 5, wherein the nickel in the sintered steel composition is substantially dispersed throughout the steel matrix as nickel rich areas.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
106 words
As an article of manufacture a force-applying hand tool having a working portion with which force is applied during use, said portion comprising a porous sintered body of a heat treatable steel composition containing about 1.5 to 3.5 percent nickel, about 0.3 to 0.6 percent carbon and the balance essentially iron and having a density at and near the surface of said portion of at least 89 percent of true density, and a smooth adherent plating of metal selected from the group consisting of Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni and Cr covering the surface of said porous sintered body and said body portion is a wrench socket.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
92 words
As an article of manufacture a force-applying hand tool having a working portion with which force is applied during use, said portion comprising a porous sintered body of a heat treatable steel composition containing about 0.3 to 0.8 percent carbon and the balance essentially iron wherein the average density of said porous sintered steel body ranges from about 89 to 97 percent of true density and a smooth adherent plating of metal selected from the group consisting of Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni and Cr covering the surface of said porous sintered body.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
152 words
As an article of manufacture a force-applying hand tool having a working portion with which force is applied during use, said portion comprising a porous sintered body of a heat treatable steel composition containing about 0.3 percent to 0.8 percent carbon and the balance essentially iron having an average density less than true density but being at least 85 percent of true density, the density at and near the surface of said portion being greater than the average density and at least 89 percent of true density, and a smooth adherent plating of metal selected from the group consisting of Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni and Cr covering the surface of said porous sintered body and the metallographic structure of the porous sintered body is characterized by an austenitic decomposition product, wherein the surface of said body has a carburized zone and wherein said metal plating covers and adheres to said carburized zone.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
The hand tool of claim 7, wherein said body portion is a wrench socket.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
119 words
As an article of manufacture a force-applying hand tool having a working portion with which force is applied during use, said portion comprising a porous sintered body of a heat treatable steel composition comprising about 1 to 5 percent nickel, about 0.3 to 0.8 percent carbon, and the balance essentially iron having an average density less than true density but being at least 85 percent of true density, the density at and near the surface of said portion being greater than the average density and at least 89 percent of true density, and a smooth adherent plating of metal selected from the group consisting of Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni and Cr covering the surface of said porous sintered body.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
25 words
The hand tool of claim 9, wherein the nickel in the sintered steel composition is substantially dispersed throughout the steel matrix as nickel rich areas.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1975-06-13 | 1975-12-13 | 1976-06-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1979-06-13 | 1979-12-13 | 1980-06-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1983-06-13 | 1983-12-13 | 1984-06-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |