US3665206A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Nonlinear devices
Assignee: AT&T Inc
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Filing: 1971-03-12
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Granted: 1972-05-23
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Expires: 1991-03-12
Abstract
Abstract Nonlinear devices including second harmonic generators and other parametric devices are fabricated from thin films of organic polymer materials having net dipole moments. Such materials exemplified by polyvinylidene fluoride are prepared for use by mechanical working so as to produce crystallographic alignment, and by electrical poling so as to produce dipolar orientation. Continued ''''poling'''' may or may not be necessary during operation of the device. Relative indices of refraction may be altered by altering the degree of crystalline orientation so as to change birefringence. Phase matching with the traversing beam propagating in a given direction may therefore be accomplished for a variety of wavelengths.
Inventors
- 👤 John George Bergman Jr
- 👤 James Hoffman Mcfee
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 17:59
CPC Classifications
H; H03; H03B; H03B19/00; G; G02; G02F; G02F1/00; G02F1/35; G02F1/355; G02F1/361; G02F1/3615
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
121 words
Device comprising a body of material evidencing a net dipolar electric moment, said body being transparent to electromagnetIc wave energy at some wavelength within the optical and infrared spectra, together with first means for introducing a beam of coherent electromagnetic radiation into said body and second means for extracting a beam of coherent electromagnetic radiation from said body, in which the extracted beam includes at least one component of electromagnetic wave energy of wavelength different from that of any component included in the introduced beam, characterized in that said body consists essentially of a polymer material evidencing at least 10 percent crystallinity as measured by X-ray, the birefringence of which is tailored for phasematching by altering the degree of crystallographic order.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
121 words
Device comprising a body of material evidencing a net dipolar electric moment, said body being transparent to electromagnetIc wave energy at some wavelength within the optical and infrared spectra, together with first means for introducing a beam of coherent electromagnetic radiation into said body and second means for extracting a beam of coherent electromagnetic radiation from said body, in which the extracted beam includes at least one component of electromagnetic wave energy of wavelength different from that of any component included in the introduced beam, characterized in that said body consists essentially of a polymer material evidencing at least 10 percent crystallinity as measured by X-ray, the birefringence of which is tailored for phasematching by altering the degree of crystallographic order.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
Device of claim 1 in which altering of crystallographic order is accomplished by mechanical working.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
Device of claim 2 in which said mechanical working results in a dimensional change of at least 0.01 percent in at least one direction in said body.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
Device of claim 3 in which said mechanical working is in the form of drawing.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
10 words
Device of claim 4 in which said drawing is uniaxial.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
10 words
Device of claim 4 in which said drawing is biaxial.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
25 words
Device of claim 4 in which said drawing produces a dimensional change of at least 10 percent in at least one direction within said body.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
Device of claim 1 in which said body is a film consisting essentially of a substituted hydrocarbon polymeric material containing bonds selected from the group consisting of C-O, C-N and C-halogen.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
26 words
Device of claim 8 in which said polymeric material consists essentially of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinylfluoride, poly-o-fluorostyrene, polyvinylidene chloride, polyfluorostyrene, polyacrylonitrile.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
Device of claim 9 in which the said polymer is polyvinylidene fluoride.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
15 words
Device of claim 1 in which the said first means includes an optically polished surface.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
29 words
Device of claim 1 in which the said first means includes a coupling material having an index of refraction which is closely matched to that of the said body.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
39 words
Device of claim 1 in which said incoming beam is plane polarized in which the plane of polarization is along the x crystallographic direction and in which the propagation direction of the beam is in the y crystallographic direction.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
28 words
Device of claim 1 in which the said incoming beam is plane polarized along the z crystallographic direction and in which propagation is along the x crystallographic direction.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1975-05-23 | 1975-11-22 | 1976-05-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1979-05-23 | 1979-11-22 | 1980-05-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1983-05-23 | 1983-11-22 | 1984-05-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |