US3660769A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Means for integrating a time limited signal having base line draft
Assignee: Schneider Electric Systems USA Inc
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Filing: 1969-06-02
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Granted: 1972-05-02
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Expires: 1989-06-02
Abstract
Abstract An apparatus for integrating a time limited signal is described. The signal is applied to an integrator for a predetermined time period. A measurement of the input signal base line is made before and after integration, and a voltage proportional to the difference is applied to the integrator for a second time period, proportional to the first time period.
Inventors
- 👤 William E Jordan
- 👤 William E Earle
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 22:25
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06G; G06G7/00; G06G7/12; G06G7/18; G06G7/184; G06G7/186; G06G7/1865
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
75 words
Apparatus for integrating a signal having a slowly changing base line comprising: an integrator arranged to integrate the signal for a time period; means to sense the base line level both at the beginning and at the end of the time period; and means coupled to said sensing means to alter the integrated signal in accordance with the difference between said two sensed base line levels and in accordance with said time period of integration.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
75 words
Apparatus for integrating a signal having a slowly changing base line comprising: an integrator arranged to integrate the signal for a time period; means to sense the base line level both at the beginning and at the end of the time period; and means coupled to said sensing means to alter the integrated signal in accordance with the difference between said two sensed base line levels and in accordance with said time period of integration.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
48 words
The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the altering means includes: means for storing a voltage proportional to the time period; and means controlled by the stored voltage for correctively altering the integrated signal in accordance with a further integration of said difference in base line levels.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
124 words
The apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the storing means further includes: a ramp voltage generator and a storage capacitor operatively connected with the ramp generator to store a voltage representative of the ramp voltage; first switch means for initiating a first ramp voltage from the generator upon the beginning of the time period and having a duration substantially coincident with the time period, with said capacitor storing a voltage of a value representative of the time period; and second switch means for initiating the generation of a second ramp voltage of opposite slope polarity from the first ramp voltage to discharge the capacitor to a level selected to provide a second ramp voltage duration determinative of the duration of the further integration.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
77 words
The apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the ramp generator is formed of an operational amplifier with said capacitor connected in negative feedback relationship with the amplifier; third switch means coupled to the capacitor for discharge thereof prior to the beginning of the time period; first and second control voltages of selected polarity; said first and second switch means being operable respectively to connect the first and second control voltages to an input of the amplifier.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
110 words
An apparatus foR integrating a time limited electrical input signal having a variable base line, comprising: an integrator arranged to integrate the input signal; means for controlling the integrator to limit the time period of integration of the input signal; means for sensing the base line drift of the input signal both at the beginning and at the end of said time period and to produce a drift signal representing the net drift of the base line during said time period; and means responsive to said drift signal for correcting the magnitude of the integrated input signal in correspondence with the sensed base line drift represented by said drift signal.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
110 words
An apparatus foR integrating a time limited electrical input signal having a variable base line, comprising: an integrator arranged to integrate the input signal; means for controlling the integrator to limit the time period of integration of the input signal; means for sensing the base line drift of the input signal both at the beginning and at the end of said time period and to produce a drift signal representing the net drift of the base line during said time period; and means responsive to said drift signal for correcting the magnitude of the integrated input signal in correspondence with the sensed base line drift represented by said drift signal.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
104 words
The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the integrator includes: means for storing a first voltage representative of the base line level at the beginning of the time period; means for applying the first stored voltage to the integrator together with said input signal to integrate the difference therebetween; means for storing a second voltage representative of the base line drift at the end of integration; and means operable after said time period for applying the second stored voltage to the input of said integrator to carry out further integration and alter the output of the integrator to correct for base line drift.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
132 words
An apparatus for integrating a time limited electrical input signal having a variable base line comprising: means producing timing signals representative both of the beginning and of the end of the input signal; means actuated by the timing signals for integrating the input signal; means actuated by the timing signals for generating a base line correction signal representative of a time period proportional to the time duration of the integration of said input signal; means for sensing the net base line drift of the input signal during the integration thereof; and means for altering the integrated input signal in correspondence with the product of the net base line drift and said time period as represented by the base line correction signal to obtain an accurate integration of the time limited input signal.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
132 words
An apparatus for integrating a time limited electrical input signal having a variable base line comprising: means producing timing signals representative both of the beginning and of the end of the input signal; means actuated by the timing signals for integrating the input signal; means actuated by the timing signals for generating a base line correction signal representative of a time period proportional to the time duration of the integration of said input signal; means for sensing the net base line drift of the input signal during the integration thereof; and means for altering the integrated input signal in correspondence with the product of the net base line drift and said time period as represented by the base line correction signal to obtain an accurate integration of the time limited input signal.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
267 words
An apparatus for integrating a time limited electrical input signal having a variable base line comprising: a first operational amplifier having a first negative feedback capacitor associated therewith and first switch means for selectively connecting the first capacitor with the first amplifier; a second operational amplifier and second capacitor in negative feedback relationship therewith and second switch means for selectively connecting the second amplifier in feedback relationship with the first amplifier; a third operational amplifier and a third capacitor in negative feedback relationship therewith and third switch means for selectively interconnecting the third amplifier in feedback relationship with the first amplifier; mans for controlling the first and second switch means to effect a storage of the base line level at the beginning of the input signal in the second capacitor; means for controlling said first and second switch means to integrate the difference between the input signal and the stored base line signal and store the integrated signal in the first capacitor; means for controlling the first, second and third switch means to effect a storage in the third capacitor of a signal representative of the difference in base line levels at the beginning and end of the input signal; and means for controlling the first and third switch means to effect an integration of the stored signal in the third capacitor for a time period related to the duration of the input signal and combine the integrated signal in the first capacitor with the integrated difference signal to form a base line corrected output signal from the first amplifier accurately representative of the integrated input signal.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
267 words
An apparatus for integrating a time limited electrical input signal having a variable base line comprising: a first operational amplifier having a first negative feedback capacitor associated therewith and first switch means for selectively connecting the first capacitor with the first amplifier; a second operational amplifier and second capacitor in negative feedback relationship therewith and second switch means for selectively connecting the second amplifier in feedback relationship with the first amplifier; a third operational amplifier and a third capacitor in negative feedback relationship therewith and third switch means for selectively interconnecting the third amplifier in feedback relationship with the first amplifier; mans for controlling the first and second switch means to effect a storage of the base line level at the beginning of the input signal in the second capacitor; means for controlling said first and second switch means to integrate the difference between the input signal and the stored base line signal and store the integrated signal in the first capacitor; means for controlling the first, second and third switch means to effect a storage in the third capacitor of a signal representative of the difference in base line levels at the beginning and end of the input signal; and means for controlling the first and third switch means to effect an integration of the stored signal in the third capacitor for a time period related to the duration of the input signal and combine the integrated signal in the first capacitor with the integrated difference signal to form a base line corrected output signal from the first amplifier accurately representative of the integrated input signal.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
70 words
A method of integrating a time limited input signal having a drifting base line comprising the steps of: integrating the input signal for a certain time period; developing a signal representing the difference in base line level at the beginning and at the end of that certain time period of integration; and correcting the results of the integration in accordance with said difference signal and the time period of integration.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
70 words
A method of integrating a time limited input signal having a drifting base line comprising the steps of: integrating the input signal for a certain time period; developing a signal representing the difference in base line level at the beginning and at the end of that certain time period of integration; and correcting the results of the integration in accordance with said difference signal and the time period of integration.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method of claim 9, wherein the correction comprises carrying out subsequent integration of the difference signal for a second time period proportional to the original time period, and combining the results of the two integrations.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
62 words
The method of claim 10, including the step of producing a ramp signal in a predetermined direction during the original integration to develop a time signal proportional to the integration period, using said time signal to produce a second ramp signal in the opposite direction during the second integration, and stopping the second integration when the ramp signal reaches its original value.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
70 words
The method of integrating a time-limited signal having a drifting base line, comprising the steps of: integrating the signal for a limited time period to produce a first output; sensing the base line level at the beginning and end of said time period; and alternating said first output by an amount proportional to the product of said time period and the difference between said beginning and end base line levels.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
70 words
The method of integrating a time-limited signal having a drifting base line, comprising the steps of: integrating the signal for a limited time period to produce a first output; sensing the base line level at the beginning and end of said time period; and alternating said first output by an amount proportional to the product of said time period and the difference between said beginning and end base line levels.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
48 words
The method of claim 12, wherein said altering step comprises carrying out a corrective integration of said base line difference for a second time period proportional to said first time period and combining the results of said corrective integration with the results of the integration of said signal.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
118 words
Apparatus for integrating a time-limited signal the base line of which may drift during the integration period, comprising: integrator means adapted to receive the signal as an input and to produce an output responsive to the time integral thereof; control means for activating said integrator for a time period during which said signal is to be integrated; means for sensing the base line level of said signal at the beginning and end of said time period; and correction means coupled to said sensing means and operable subsequent to said time period to alter said integrator output by an amount responsive to the difference between the base line levels sensed at the beginning and end of said time period.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
118 words
Apparatus for integrating a time-limited signal the base line of which may drift during the integration period, comprising: integrator means adapted to receive the signal as an input and to produce an output responsive to the time integral thereof; control means for activating said integrator for a time period during which said signal is to be integrated; means for sensing the base line level of said signal at the beginning and end of said time period; and correction means coupled to said sensing means and operable subsequent to said time period to alter said integrator output by an amount responsive to the difference between the base line levels sensed at the beginning and end of said time period.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
66 words
Apparatus as claimed in claim 14, wherein said correction means comprises means to activate said integrator for a second time period proportional to said first time period; said correction means further including means to apply to the input of the integrator during said second time period a signal proportional to the difference in base line levels at the beginning and end of said first time period.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1975-05-02 | 1975-11-01 | 1976-05-02 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1979-05-02 | 1979-11-01 | 1980-05-02 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1983-05-02 | 1983-11-01 | 1984-05-02 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |