US3643176A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Superconductor electro-magnetic radiation device
Assignee: Georgetown University
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Filing: 1968-09-30
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Granted: 1972-02-15
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Expires: 1988-09-30
Abstract
Abstract An injection-type junction superconducting radiation device, operated below the transition temperature of the superconductor. The junction is formed from a normal metal, an oxide insulative film and a superconductive material. The size of the superconductor element is determined by the radiation wavelength, and the index of refraction of the superconductor.
Inventors
- 👤 William D Gregory
- 👤 Lutz Leopold
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 23:39
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01S; H01S3/00; H01S3/14; H01S3/16; H01S3/1683; H01S3/09; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S505/00; Y10S505/825; Y10S505/853
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
239 words
A radiation device, comprising: a. a superconductor having a conductive point contact element which forms a resonant cavity for maintaining standing waves of radiation therein and has an end conductive surface, b. the length and the width of the point contact resonant cavity each being at least one half the wave length of the radiation to be generated therein, and sufficiently small to permit high density current flow to produce lasing without creating a field to destroy electromagnetic radiation, c. a normal conductor having a conductive surface, d. an intermediate insulative film disposed between and in contact with both conducting surfaces to form a barrier permitting current flow of sufficient density to create a state of population inversion, and to sustain electromagnetic resonance within the resonant cavity e. the outer surface of the point contact element being parallel to its central axis and being treated to diffusely reflect phonons, F. temperature control means surrounding the formed injection junction for maintaining it at a temperature below the transition temperature of the superconductor, g. electrical means connected across the formed injection junction for providing an electron flow across the insulative film and into the point contact element of sufficient current density to create a state of population inversion by overpopulating the uncondensed single-particle energy level, whereby the emission rate for photons is increased to a level above the spontaneous phonon emission level to thereby create radiation from the point contact element.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
239 words
A radiation device, comprising: a. a superconductor having a conductive point contact element which forms a resonant cavity for maintaining standing waves of radiation therein and has an end conductive surface, b. the length and the width of the point contact resonant cavity each being at least one half the wave length of the radiation to be generated therein, and sufficiently small to permit high density current flow to produce lasing without creating a field to destroy electromagnetic radiation, c. a normal conductor having a conductive surface, d. an intermediate insulative film disposed between and in contact with both conducting surfaces to form a barrier permitting current flow of sufficient density to create a state of population inversion, and to sustain electromagnetic resonance within the resonant cavity e. the outer surface of the point contact element being parallel to its central axis and being treated to diffusely reflect phonons, F. temperature control means surrounding the formed injection junction for maintaining it at a temperature below the transition temperature of the superconductor, g. electrical means connected across the formed injection junction for providing an electron flow across the insulative film and into the point contact element of sufficient current density to create a state of population inversion by overpopulating the uncondensed single-particle energy level, whereby the emission rate for photons is increased to a level above the spontaneous phonon emission level to thereby create radiation from the point contact element.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
The radiation device of claim 1, wherein: a. the length of the active region in the superconductor point contact element is greater than one-half micron.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
The radiation device of claim 1, wherein: a. the intermediate insulative film is an oxide layer having a thickness from 5 angstrom units to 2,000 angstrom units.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
The radiation device of claim 1, wherein: a. the voltage drop across said junction is maintained at greater than 0.001 electron volts.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
24 words
The radiation device of claim 1, wherein: a. the current density across the injection junction is at least 1/2 million amperes per centimeter squared.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
31 words
The radiation device of claim 1, wherein: a. the means for maintaining the injection junction below the transition temperature includes means for varying the temperature for controlling the radiated frequency output.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
The radiation device of claim 1, wherein: a. the point contact element is cylindrical, and has its outer surface roughened to diffusely reflect phonons.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
The radiation device of claim 1, wherein: a. the point contact element is cylindrical in shape, and has its outer surface etched.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
30 words
The radiation device as set forth in claim 1, wherein: a. the outer surface of the point contact element is coated to preserve the purity of the surface layers thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
28 words
The radiation device of claim 1, wherein: a. the means for controlling the temperature of the injection junction is sealed and includes means for evacuating the interior thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
39 words
The radiation device of claim 1, wherein: a. the outer surface of the point contact element has irregularities thereon approximately half the size of the phonon wave length, and very much smaller in size than the electromagnetic wave length.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
34 words
The radiation device set forth in claim 11, wherein: a. the size of the irregularities on the surface of the point contact element are approximately one hundredth the wave length of the electromagnetic radiation.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3386050A
Cited
US3423607A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1975-02-14 | 1975-08-16 | 1976-02-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1979-02-14 | 1979-08-16 | 1980-02-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1983-02-14 | 1983-08-16 | 1984-02-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |