US3632391A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Treatment of textile materials
Assignee: United States Department of Agriculture
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Filing: 1969-03-07
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Granted: 1972-01-04
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Expires: 1989-03-07
Abstract
Abstract Fibrous materials (e.g., wool, cotton, viscose, etc.) carrying a deposit of a preformed polymer containing functional groups, which is cross-linked in situ through reaction with a fixative containing functional groups complementary to those on the polymer. Typically, the functional groups on the polymer are carbonyl halide, haloformate, isocyanate, anhydride, or carbamyl halide groups. In such case, the functional groups on the fixative may be amino or hydroxyl groups. Alternatively, the polymer may contain amino or hydroxyl groups, in which case the fixative would contain carbonyl halide, haloformate, isocyanate, anhydride, or carbamyl groups. Various types of polymers may be employed including addition polymers and copolymers, and condensation polymers such as polyesters, polyamides, and polyethers. The novel products are made by processes which utilize a phase boundary limited reaction. One embodiment thereof is to form the complementary agents (the preformed polymer and fixative) into separate solutions in mutually immiscible solvents, these solutions then being applied serially to the fibrous material. Alternatively, a solution of one of the agents in a volatile solvent is applied to the substrate, which is then dried to remove solvent, and the complementary agent is then applied in fluid form, e.g., as a vapor or dissolved in a solvent which is not necessarily immiscible with the first solvent.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert E Whitfield
- 👤 Allen G Pittman
- 👤 William L Wasley
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 06:28
CPC Classifications
D; D06; D06M; D06M23/00; D06M13/00; D06M13/10; D06M13/184; D06M13/192; D06M13/322; D06M13/325; D06M15/00; D06M15/19; D06M15/21; D06M15/227; D06M15/263; D06M15/267; D06M15/273; D06M15/285; D06M15/37; D06M15/39; D06M15/507; D06M15/53; D06M15/564; D06M15/59; D06M15/61; D06M15/643; D06M15/6436; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2913; Y10T428/2933; Y10T428/2938; Y10T442/00; Y10T442/20; Y10T442/2033; Y10T442/2279; Y10T442/2352; Y10T442/2369; Y10T442/2385; Y10T442/2393; Y10T442/2549; Y10T442/259; Y10T442/2762
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
47 words
The product of claim 1 wherein the preformed polymer is a copolymer of (i) a polymerizable monomer containing a grouping and a haloformate group, and (ii) at least one other polymerizable monomer containing a grouping which is free from groups reactive with radicals containing active hydrogen atoms.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
80 words
Fibrous material carrying a deposit of a preformed polymer cross-linked in situ through reaction with a fixative, said preformed polymer being an addition polymerization product of at least one polymerizable monomer containing a grouping, said polymer having a molecular weight of at least 1, 000 and containing n isocyanate groups, said fixative being a polyamine containing m amino groups, n and m each having a value of at least 2, the sum of n and m being at least 5.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
47 words
The product of claim 3 wherein the preformed polymer is a copolymer of (i) a polymerizable monomer containing a grouping and an isocyanate group, and (ii) at least one other polymerizable monomer containing a grouping which is free from groups reactive with radicals containing active hydrogen atoms.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
80 words
Fibrous material carrying a deposit of a preformed polymer cross-linked in situ through reaction with a fixative, said preformed polymer being an addition polymerization product of at least one polymerizable monomer containing a grouping, said polymer having a molecular weight of at least 1, 000 and containing n isocyanate groups, said fixative being a polyol containing m hydroxy groups, n and m each having a value of at least 2, the sum of n and m being at least 5.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
47 words
The product of claim 5 wherein the preformed polymer is a copolymer of (i) a polymerizable monomer containing a grouping and an isocyanate group, and (ii) at least one other polymerizable monomer containing a grouping which is free from groups reactive with radicals containing active hydrogen atoms.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
80 words
Fibrous material carrying a deposit of a preformed polymer cross-linked in situ through reaction with a fixative, said preformed polymer being an addition polymerization product of at least one polymerizable monomer containing a grouping, said polymer having a molecular weight of at least 1, 000 and containing n anhydride groups, said fixative being a polyamine containing m amino groups, n and m each having a value of at least 2, the sum of n and m being at least 5.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
47 words
The product of claim 7 wherein the preformed polymer is a copolymer of (i) a polymerizable monomer containing a grouping and an anhydride group, and (ii) at least one other polymerizable monomer containing a grouping which is free from groups reactive with radicals containing active hydrogen atoms.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
81 words
Fibrous material carrying a deposit of a preformed polymer cross-linked in situ through reaction with a fixative, said preformed polymer being an addition polymerization product of at least one polymerizable monomer containing a grouping, said polymer having a molecular weight of at least 1, 000 and containing n carbamyl halide groups, said fixative being a polyamine containing m amino groups, n and m each having a value of at least 2, the sum of n and m being at least 5.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
48 words
The product of claim 9 wherein the preformed polymer is a copolymer of (i) a polymerizable monomer containing a grouping and a carbamyl halide group, and (ii) at least one other polymerizable monomer containing a grouping which is free from groups reactive with radicals containing active hydrogen atoms.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
86 words
Fibrous material carrying a deposit of a preformed polymer cross-linked in situ through reaction with a fixative, said preformed polymer being an addition polymerization product of at least one polymerizable monomer containing a grouping and an amino group, said polymer having a molecular weight of at least 1,000 and containing n amino groups, said fixative containing m groups reactive with radicals containing active hydrogen atoms, n and m each having a value of at least 2, the sum of n and m being at least 5.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
The product of claim 11 wherein the fixative is a multifunctional isocyanate.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
47 words
The product of claim 12 wherein the preformed polymer is a copolymer of (i) a polymerizable monomer containing a grouping and an amino group, and (ii) at least one other polymerizable monomer containing a grouping which is free from groups reactive with radicals containing active hydrogen atoms.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
86 words
Fibrous material carrying a deposit of a preformed polymer cross-linked in situ through reaction with a fixative, said preformed polymer being an addition polymerization product of at least one polymerizable monomer containing a grouping, and a hydroxyl group said polymer having a molecular weight of at least 1,000 and containing n hydroxyl groups, said fixative containing m groups reactive with radicals containing active hydrogen atoms, n and m each having a value of at least 2, the sum of n and m being at least 5.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The product of claim 14 wherein the fixative is a multifunctional isocyanate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
47 words
The product of claim 15 wherein the preformed polymer is a copolymer of (i) a polymerizable monomer containing a grouping and a hydroxyl group, and (ii) at least one other polymerizable monomer containing a grouping which is free from groups reactive with radicals containing active hydrogen atoms.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
69 words
Fibrous material carrying a deposit of a preformed condensation polymer cross-linked in situ through reaction with a fixative, said preformed condensation polymer being a polyester having a molecular weight of at least 1,000 and containing n carbonyl halide groups, said fixative being a polyamine containing m amino groups, n and m each having a value of at least 2, the sum of n and m being at least 5.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
68 words
Fibrous material carrying a deposit of a preformed condensation polymer cross-linked in situ through reaction with a fixative, said preformed condensation polymer being a polyester having a molecular weight of at least 1,000 and containing n haloformate groups, said fixative being a polyamine containing m amino groups, n and m each having a value of at least 2, the sum of n and m being at least 5.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
69 words
Fibrous material carrying a deposit of a preformed condensation polymer cross-linked in situ through reaction with a fixative, said preformed condensation polymer being a polyether having a molecular weight of at least 1,000 and containing n carbonyl halide groups, said fixative being a polyamine containing m amino groups, n aNd m each having a value of at least 2, the sum of n and m being at least 5.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
66 words
Fibrous material carrying a deposit of a preformed condensation polymer cross-linked in situ through reaction with a fixative, said preformed condensation polymer being a polyether having a molecular weight of at least 1,000 and containing n haloformate groups, said fixative being a polyamine containing m amino groups, n and m each having a value of 2, the sum of n and m being at least 5.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
69 words
Fibrous material carrying a deposit of a preformed condensation polymer cross-linked in situ through reaction with a fixative, said preformed condensation polymer being a polyglycol polyether having a molecular weight of at least 1,000 and containing n hydroxyl groups, said fixative being a polyisocyanate containing m isocyanate groups, n and m each having a value of at least 2, the sum of n and m being at least 5.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
23 words
The product of claim 21 wherein the preformed polyglycol polyether is a polymerization product of a lower alkylene oxide and an aliphatic polyol.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
122 words
A process for modifying a fibrous material which comprises impregnating a fibrous material with a solution of a reactant in a volatile solvent, drying the treated fibrous material to remove the volatile solvent, and impregnating the dried fibrous material with a complementary reactant in a fluid state, one of said reactants being a preformed polymer having a molecular weight of at least 1,000 and bearing n carbonyl halide groups, the other of said reactants being a fixative bearing m amino groups, n and m each having a value of at least 2, the sum of n and m being at least 5, the said polymer directly cross-linking with the fixative under said conditions to form a three-dimensional structure on the fibrous material.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
121 words
A process for modifying a fibrous material which comprises impregnating a fibrous material with a solution of a reactant in a volatile solvent, drying the treated fibrous material to remove the volatile solvent, and impregnating the dried fibrous material with a complementary reactant in a fluid state, one of said reactants being a preformed polymer having a molecular weight of at least 1,000 and bearing n haloformate groups, the other of said reactants being a fixative bearing m amino groups, n and m each having a value of at least 2, the sum of n and m being at least 5, the said polymer directly cross-linking with the fixative under said conditions to form a three-dimensional structure on the fibrous material.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
121 words
A process for modifying a fibrous material which comprises impregnating a fibrous material with a solution of a reactant in a volatile solvent, drying the treated fibrous material to remove the volatile solvent, and impregnating the dried fibrous material with a complementary reactant in a fluid state, one of said reactants being a preformed polymer having a molecular weight of at least 1,000 and bearing n anhydride groups, the other of said reactants being a fixative bearing m amino groups, n and m each having a value of at least 2, the sum of n and m being at least 5, the said polymer directly cross-linking with the fixative under said conditions to form a three-dimensional structure on the fibrous material.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
122 words
A process for modifying a fibrous material which comprises impregnated a fibrous material with a solution of a reactant in a volatile solvent, drying the treated fibrous material to remove the volatile solvent, and impregnating the dried fibrous material with a complementary reactant in a fluid state, one of said reactants being a preformed Polymer having a molecular weight of at least 1,000 and bearing n amino groups, the other of said reactants being a fixative bearing m carbonyl halide groups, n and m each having a value of at least 2, the sum of n and m being at least 5, the said polymer directly cross-linking with the fixative under said conditions to form a three-dimensional structure on the fibrous material.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
121 words
A process for modifying a fibrous material which comprises impregnating a fibrous material with a solution of a reactant in a volatile solvent, drying the treated fibrous material to remove the volatile solvent, and impregnating the dried fibrous material with a complementary reactant in a fluid state, one of said reactants being a preformed polymer having a molecular weight of at least 1,000 and bearing n amino groups, the other of said reactants being a fixative bearing m haloformate groups, n and m each having a value of at least 2, the sum of n and m being at least 5, the said polymer directly cross-linking with the fixative under said conditions to form a three-dimensional structure on the fibrous material.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
121 words
A process for modifying a fibrous material which comprises impregnating a fibrous material with a solution of a reactant in a volatile solvent, drying the treated fibrous material to remove the volatile solvent, and impregnating the dried fibrous material with a complementary reactant in a fluid state, one of said reactants being a preformed polymer having a molecular weight of at least 1,000 and bearing n amino groups, the other of said reactants being a fixative bearing m anhydride groups, n and m each having a value of at least 2, the sum of n and m being at least 5, the said polymer directly cross-linking with the fixative under said conditions to form a three-dimensional structure on the fibrous material.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1975-01-03 | 1975-07-05 | 1976-01-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1979-01-03 | 1979-07-05 | 1980-01-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1983-01-03 | 1983-07-05 | 1984-01-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |