US3630792A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Process for the production of colored coatings
Assignee: Teck Metals Ltd
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Filing: 1969-04-28
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Granted: 1971-12-28
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Expires: 1989-04-28
Abstract
Abstract A process for the production of colored surfaces on zinc, tin and lead-tin coatings by the provision of oxide films having light interference effects; zinc, tin and lead-tin alloys for use in the process; and alloy coating compositions and colored articles produced thereby. A molten alloy of zinc, tin or leadtin with a minor amount of an oxygen-avid element such as titanium, manganese or vanadium is oxidized by exposure to a free oxygen-containing gas under controlled time and temperature conditions for the provision of a surface film of an oxide of the oxygen-avid addition element having light interference color characteristics.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert William Smyth
- 👤 Gerald Perley Lewis
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 03:34
CPC Classifications
C; C23; C23C; C23C2/00; C23C2/04; C23C2/06; C22; C22C; C22C18/00; C22C20/00; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/12; Y10T428/12493; Y10T428/12535; Y10T428/12583; Y10T428/1259; Y10T428/26; Y10T428/263; Y10T428/264; Y10T428/265
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 65
Claim 1
Independent Claim
117 words
A process for the production of a colored surface as claimed in claim 1 comprising the steps of applying a metal selected from said group consisting of zinc, tin and lead-tin having a said oxygen-avid element alloyed therewith to an article to form a molten coating thereon, and contacting said molten coating with a free-oxygen-containing gas for a time sufficient to provide an oxide film and a reflective surface intermediate said oxide film and the alloy having said color effects, and solidifying said molten coating provided with said oxide film and said reflective surface. 3 In a process as claimed in claim 2, said oxygen-avid element being selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese and vanadium.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
141 words
A process for the production of a colored coating on a surface comprising the steps of applying zinc having an oxygen-avid element, selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese, vanadium, columbium, zirconium, thorium, mischmetal, cadmium, arsenic, copper, lead and chromium and effective to produce an oxide film having discernible light interference color effects, alloyed therewith to said surface to form an adherent molten coating thereon, the alloy so formed having less than about 0.002 percent by weight aluminum and less than about 0.006 percent by weight magnesium, reacting said molten coating with an oxygen-containing atmosphere for a time sufficient to form thereon a film of an oxide of said alloying element and a reflective surface intermediate said oxide film and the alloy having said color effects, and solidifying said molten coating provided with said oxide film and said reflective surface.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process for the production of a colored coating as claimed in claim 4 in which said surface is a metal surface.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
50 words
A process for the production of a colored coating as claimed in claim 4 on a surface comprising the steps of forming a bath of said zinc alloy and applying the zinc alloy to said surface by immersing the surface in said bath to form an adherent molten coating thereon.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
In a process as claimed in claim 5, said oxygen-avid element being selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese, vanadium, columbium, zirconium, thorium and mischmetal.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
In a process as claimed in claim 6, said oxygen-avid element being selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese, vanadium, columbium, zirconium, thorium and mischmetal.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
29 words
In a process as claimed in claim 7, contacting the molten zinc alloy coating with air for the provision of a film of an oxide of said alloying element.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
29 words
In a process as claimed in claim 8, contacting the molten zinc alloy coating with air for the provision of a film of an oxide of said alloying element.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
29 words
In a process as claimed in claim 7, cooling the molten zinc alloy coating in air for the provision of a film of an oxide of said alloying element.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
29 words
In a process as claimed in claim 8, cooling the molten zinc alloy coating in air for the provision of a film of an oxide of said alloying element.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
24 words
In a process as claimed in claim 5, said oxygen-avid element being selected from the group consisting of cadmium, arsenic, copper, lead and chromium.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
29 words
In a process as claimed in claim 13, contacting the molten zinc alloy coating with air for the provision of a film of an oxide of said alloying element.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
29 words
In a process as claimed in claim 13, cooling the molten zinc alloy coating in air for the provision of a film of an oxide of said alloying element.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
24 words
In a process as claimed in claim 6, said oxygen-avid element being selected from the group consisting of cadmium, arsenic, copper, lead and chromium.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
29 words
In a process as claimed in claim 16, contacting the molten zinc alloy coating with air for the provision of a film of an oxide of said alloying element.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
29 words
In a process as claimed in claim 16, cooling the molten zinc alloy coating in air for the provision of a film of an oxide of said alloying element.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
57 words
In a process for the production of a colored coating on a surface as claimed in claim 4, said zinc alloy consisting essentially of zinc with at least about 0.02 percent by weight manganese, and said molten coating being contacted with a free-oxygen-containing gas for the formation of a manganese oxide film thereon having light-interference color effects.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
30 words
In a process as claimed in claim 19, forming a bath of said zinc alloy and applying the zinc alloy to said surface by dipping said surface in said bath.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
In a process as claimed in claim 20, said bath having at least about 0.07 percent by weight manganese.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
57 words
In a process for the production of a colored coating on a surface as claimed in claim 4, said zinc alloy consisting essentially of zinc with at least about 0.001 percent by weight titanium, and said molten coating being contacted with a free-oxygen-containing gas for the formation of a titanium oxide film thereon having light-interference color effects.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
28 words
In a process as claimed in claim 22, forming a bath of said zinc alloy and applying said zinc alloy to the surface by dipping said surface therein.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
19 words
In a process as claimed in claim 23, said bath having at least about 0.008 percent by weight titanium.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
57 words
In a process for the production of a colored coating on a surface as claimed in claim 4, said zinc alloy consisting essentially of zinc with at least about 0.001 percent by weight vanadium, and said molten coating being contacted with a free-oxygen-containing gas for the formation of a vanadium oxide film thereon having light-interference color effects.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
31 words
In a process as claimed in claim 25, forming a bath of said zinc alloy and applying the molten zinc alloy to the surface by dipping said surface in said bath.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
19 words
In a process as claimed in claim 26, said bath having at least about 0.075 percent by weight vanadium.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
37 words
In a process as claimed in claim 5, said oxygen-avid element being selected from the group consisting of manganese, titanium and vanadium in amount of from about 0.1 percent by weight to about the respective eutectic composition.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
44 words
In a process as claimed in claim 5, said oxygen-avid element being selected from the group consisting of manganese, titanium and vanadium in amount of from about 0.1 percent by weight to about the solubility limit of the respective element at the bath temperature.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
30 words
In a process as claimed in claim 19, contacting said molten coating with air and concurrently cooling said coating at a controlled rate for obtaining a desired oxide film color.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
30 words
In a process as claimed in claim 22, contacting said molten coating with air and concurrently cooling said coating at a controlled rate for obtaining a desired oxide film color.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
30 words
In a process as claimed in claim 25, contacting said molten coating with air and concurrently cooling said coating at a controlled rate for obtaining a desired oxide film color.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
12 words
In a process as claimed in claim 30, said surface being steel.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
12 words
In a process as claimed in claim 31, said surface being steel.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
12 words
In a process as claimed in claim 32, said surface being steel.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
96 words
A composition of matter in the form of a coating on an article, said coating having a colored surface, said composition consisting essentially of an alloy of zinc and an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese, vanadium, columbium, zirconium, thorium, and mischmetal, a film of an oxide of said alloying element formed on the surface of said alloy and a reflective surface formed on said alloy intermediate said oxide film and said alloy, said alloy having less than about 0.002 percent by weight aluminum and less than about 0.006 percent by weight magnesium.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
17 words
A composition of matter as claimed in claim 36 having less than 0.0005 percent by weight aluminum.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
97 words
A composition of matter in the form of a coating on an article, said coating having a colored surface, said composition consisting essentially of a zinc base alloy formed from a melt of zinc containing from about 0.0001 percent to about 0.45 percent by weight titanium, a titanium oxide film formed on a surface of the said zinc base alloy, and a reflective surface formed on said alloy intermediate said oxide film and said alloy, said zinc base alloy having less than about 0.002 percent and weight aluminum and less than about 0.006 percent by weight magnesium.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
36 words
In a composition of matter as claimed in claim 38, said zinc base alloy and oxide film together having not less than 0.008 percent by weight titanium and having less than 0.0005 percent by weight aluminum.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
20 words
In a composition of matter as claimed in claim 39, a titanium oxide being essentially in the form of rutile.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
20 words
In a composition of matter as claimed in claim 39, a titanium oxide being essentially in the form of anatase.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
95 words
A composition of matter in the form of a coating on an article, said coating having a colored surface, said composition consisting essentially of a zinc base alloy formed from a melt of zinc containing from about 0.02 percent to about 0.45 percent by weight manganese, a manganese oxide film formed on a surface of the said zinc base alloy, and a reflective surface formed on said alloy intermediate said oxide film and said alloy, said alloy having less than about 0.002 percent by weight aluminum and less than about 0.006 percent by weight magnesium.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
36 words
In a composition of matter as claimed in claim 42, said zinc base alloy and oxide film together having not less than 0.07 percent by weight manganese and having less than 0.0005 percent by weight aluminum.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
95 words
A composition of matter in the form of a coating on an article, said coating having a colored surface, said composition consisting essentially of a zinc base alloy formed from a melt of zinc containing from about 0.001 percent to about 0.15 percent by weight vanadium, a vanadium oxide film formed on a surface of the said zinc base alloy, and a reflective surface formed on said alloy intermediate said oxide film and said alloy, said alloy having less than about 0.002 percent by weight aluminum and less than about 0.006 percent by weight magnesium.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
36 words
In a composition of matter as claimed in claim 44, said zinc base alloy and oxide film together having not less than 0.075 percent by weight vanadium and havinG less than 0.0005 percent by weight aluminum.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
105 words
A composition of matter in the form of a coating on an article, said coating having a colored surface, said composition consisting essentially of a zinc-base alloy formed from a melt of zinc containing not less than 0.1 percent by weight of an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese and vanadium, an oxide film of said element formed on a surface of the said zinc base alloy, and a reflective surface formed on said alloy intermediate said oxide film and said alloy, said alloy having less than about 0.002 percent by weight aluminum and less than about 0.006 percent by weight magnesium.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
17 words
A composition of matter as claimed in claim 46 having less than 0.005 percent by weight aluminum.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
30 words
In a composition of matter as claimed in claim 46, said oxide film having a substantially uniform thickness within the range of from about 120 A. to about 3,100 A.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
25 words
A composition of matter as claimed in claim 46, said oxide film having a smooth reflecting inner surface formed by the solidification of molten alloy.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
108 words
An article of manufacture having a metallic coating with a colored surface, said coating being integrally bonded to a surface of said article, said coating consisting essentially of a zinc base alloy formed from a melt having not less than 0.1 percent by weight of an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese and vanadium, an oxide film of said element formed on a surface of the said zinc base alloy, and a reflective surface formed on said alloy intermediate said oxide film and said alloy, said alloy having less than about 0.002 percent by weight aluminum and less than about 0.006 percent by weight magnesium.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
28 words
In an article as claimed in claim 50, said oxide film having a substantially uniform thickness within the range of from about 120 A. to about 3,100 A.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
23 words
An article as claimed in claim 50, said oxide film having a smooth reflecting inner surface formed by the solidification of molten alloy.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
15 words
In an article as claimed in claim 50, said article being formed of a metal.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
25 words
In a metal article according to claim 53, said metal being steel and said coating bonded to said steel by a layer of zinc-iron alloy.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
50 words
An alloy formed as an adherent colored coating on a sheet steel substrate, said alloy consisting essentially of zinc and from about 0.001 percent to about 0.45 percent by weight titanium and having less than about 0.002 percent by weight aluminum and less than about 0.006 percent by weight magnesium.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
50 words
An alloy formed as an adherent colored coating on a sheet steel substrate, said alloy consisting essentially of zinc and from about 0.02 percent to about 0.45 percent by weight manganese and having less than about 0.002 percent by weight aluminum and less than about 0.004 percent by weight magnesium.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
50 words
An alloy formed as an adherent colored coating on a sheet steel substrate, said alloy consisting essentially of zinc and from about 0.001 percent to about 0.15 percent by weight vanadium and having less than about 0.002 percent by weight aluminum and less than about 0.006 percent by weight magnesium.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
92 words
A composition of matter in the form of a coating of an article, said coating having a colored surface, said composition consisting essentially of an alloy of tin and an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese and vanadium, a film of an oxide of said alloying element formed on the surface of said alloy, and a reflective surface formed on said alloy intermediate said oxide film and said alloy, said alloy having less than about 0.002 percent by weight aluminum and less than about 0.006 percent by weight magnesium.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
92 words
A composition of matter in the form of a coating on an article, said coating having a colored surface, said composition Consisting essentially of an alloy of lead-tin and an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese and vanadium, a film of an oxide of said alloying element formed on the surface of said alloy, and a reflective surface formed on said alloy intermediate said oxide film and said alloy, said alloy having less than about 0.002 percent by weight aluminum and less than about 0.006 percent by weight magnesium.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
108 words
An article of manufacture having a metallic coating with a colored surface, said coating being integrally bonded to the surface of said article, said coating consisting essentially of a tin base alloy formed from a melt having not less than 0.02 percent by weight of an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese and vanadium, an oxide film of said element formed on a surface of the said tin base alloy, and a reflective surface formed on said alloy intermediate said oxide film and said alloy, said alloy having less than about 0.002 percent by weight aluminum and less than about 0.006 percent by weight magnesium.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
107 words
An article of manufacture having a metallic coating with a colored surface, said coating being integrally bonded to a surface of said article, said coating consisting essentially of a lead-tin base alloy formed from a melt having not less than 0.02 percent by weight of an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese and vanadium, an oxide film of said element formed on a surface of the said lead-tin alloy, and a reflective surface formed on said alloy intermediate said oxide film and said alloy, said alloy having less than about 0.002 percent by weight aluminum and less than about 0.006 percent by weight magnesium.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
131 words
A process for the production of a colored coating on a surface comprising the steps of applying zinc having an oxygen-avid element selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese, vanadium, columbium, zirconium, thorium, mischmetal, cadmium, arsenic, copper, lead and chromium alloyed therewith to said surface to form a molten adherent coating thereon, said alloy having less than about 0.002 percent by weight aluminum and less than about 0.006 percent by weight magnesium, reacting said molten coating with an oxygen-containing atmosphere for a time sufficient to form on the zinc alloy a film of an oxide of said alloying element having said color effects, and solidifying said molten coating provided with said oxide film to provide a reflective surface on the zinc alloy intermediate said oxide film and said zinc alloy.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
50 words
A process for the production of a colored coating on a surface as claimed in claim 62 comprising the steps of forming a bath of said zinc alloy and applying the zinc alloy to said surface by immersing the surface in said bath to form an adherent molten coating thereon.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
26 words
In a process as claimed in claim 62, said oxygen-avid element being selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese, aluminum, columbium, zirconium, thorium and mischmetal.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
24 words
In a process as claimed in claim 62, said oxygen-avid element being selected from the group consisting of cadmium, arsenic, copper, lead and chromium.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
81 words
A colored foil comprising a thin sheet of a zinc base alloy formed from melt having not less than 0.1 percent by weight of an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, manganese and vanadium, an oxide film of said element formed on said alloy, and a reflective surface formed on said alloy intermediate said oxide film and said alloy, said alloy having less than about 0.002 percent by weight aluminum and less than about 0.006 percent by weight magnesium.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
21 words
In a process as claimed in claim 6, said bath having a temperature in the range of 420* to 700* C.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1974-12-27 | 1975-06-28 | 1975-12-28 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1978-12-27 | 1979-06-28 | 1979-12-28 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1982-12-27 | 1983-06-28 | 1983-12-28 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |