US3619384A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Electrodeposition
Assignee: Saint Gobain Abrasives Inc
•
Filing: 1970-05-04
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Granted: 1971-11-09
•
Expires: 1990-05-04
Abstract
Abstract An activating medium comprising a matrix containing small, dynamically hard particles held in spaced fixed relationship to one another is continuously moved under pressure against a surface being subjected to electrodeposition of metal from aqueous or low boiling electrolytes. The dynamically hard particles repetitively contact the electrodeposit at extremely short time intervals generating new surface defect sites and increasing the areas available for nucleation, allowing the use of very high current densities and a consequent rapid rate of dense, compact metal deposition. The matrix may also serve to feed fresh electrolyte to the surface being plated thereby insuring an adequate supply of metal ions required for the rapid plating action.
Inventors
- 👤 Steve Eisner
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 10:58
CPC Classifications
C; C02; C02F; C02F1/00; C02F1/46; C02F1/461; C02F1/46104; C02F1/46109; C25; C25D; C25D21/00; C25D21/16; C25D5/00; C25D5/22; C25D5/60; C25D5/605; C25D5/611; C25D5/627; C02F1/467; C02F1/4676; C02F1/4678; C02F2001/46119
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
21 words
A process as in claim 1 wherein the extremely short time intervals are not more than 6.1 X 10 2 seconds.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process as in claim 2 wherein the matrix is electrolyte permeable.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process as in claim 2 wherein the activating particles have a dynamic hardness sufficient to produce a scratch in said electrodeposit visible under magnification of 10,000 power.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process as in claim 2 wherein the matrix functions to carry quantities of fresh electrolyte over the surface of the electrodeposit with which it is in contact.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as in claim 1 wherein the electrodeposition takes place within an electrolyte bath.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as in claim 2 wherein the electrolyte is fed into the interface between said electrodeposit and said matrix.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process as in claim 1 wherein said high current density is in excess of the current density achievable in the absence of mechanical activation of the surface of the electrodeposit.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process as in claim 4 wherein the pressure between said particles and the surface of said electrodeposit is in the range of 0.035 to 25 pounds per square inch.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as in claim 9 wherein the particle size ranges from 1.0 X 10 5 to 1.25 X 10 1 inches and such particles have a minimum Knoop hardness of 10.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
176 words
A process for the high speed electrodeposition at high current densities of a smooth, dense, compact metal deposit onto a substrate which comprises: a. establishing a system having an anode, a cathode and an electrolyte therebetween; b. interposing between said anode and said cathode in contact under pressure with at least a surface of said cathode a matrix having at least on its surface a plurality of spaced activating particles secured in spaced relationship to one another; c. establishing relative motion between said matrix and said cathode surface whereby electrolyte is moved at a high flow rate across said cathode surface; d. initiating an electrodeposition current flow through said electrolyte and said supporting matrix between said anode and said cathode whereby an electrodeposit forms on said cathode surface; and e. continuing said relative motion during the entire period of electrodeposition current flow whereby contact of said particles supported by said matrix with said electrodeposit is repeated at extremely short time intervals and the surface of said electrodeposit is thereby mechanically activated throughout the entire electrodeposition period.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as in claim 11 wherein said supporting matrix comprises an electrolyte-permeable material.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as in claim 12 wherein said matrix comprises a porous nonwoven web.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process as in claim 12 wherein said matrix comprises an open-weave fabric.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as in claim 11 wherein said extremely short time intervals are less than 6.1 X 10 2 seconds.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process as in claim 11 wherein said particles have a dynamic hardness sufficient to produce a scratch in said electrodeposit visible under magnification of 10,000 power.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process as in claim 11 wherein said particles comprise abrasive grains.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1974-11-08 | 1975-05-10 | 1975-11-09 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1978-11-08 | 1979-05-10 | 1979-11-09 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1982-11-08 | 1983-05-10 | 1983-11-09 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |