← Back to Patent Explorer
US3614604A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Method and apparatus for detecting workpiece surface defects and for fixing the location thereof using magnetic particles

Assignee: Elektrodenfabrik Oerlikon Buehrle AG
•
Filing: 1969-10-31
•
Granted: 1971-10-19
•
Expires: 1989-10-31
📄 Original PDF 🌐 Google Patents 🔄 Sync Now

Abstract

Abstract A novel method and apparatus for detecting workpiece surface defects is disclosed. In accordance with the invention, the workpiece is magnetized and a ferritic powder is sprayed over the surface thereof. Due to stray flux lines of the magnetic field occurring at the surface defects, the ferritic powder accumulates at such defects and effectively traces the same, rendering the defect visible. The tracing of the defects is then fixed or preserved automatically so that the defects remain visible for subsequent corrective maintenance operations after the workpiece is demagnetized and the powder falls off. In one embodiment of the invention, the ''''fixing'''' of the tracing occurs in that a colored marking material is applied or sprayed over the surrounding surface about the traced defects as well as over the ferritic powder which effects the tracing itself. The workpiece is then demagnetized and the ferritic powder and the colored marking material over the powder is removed. The remainder of the surface, however, remains dyed by the colored marking material thus outlining the surface defects and fixing or preserving the visible tracing thereof. This technique is referred to herein as a so-called ''''negative'''' process. In an alternative embodiment of the invention, a ''''positive'''' process is employed wherein the ferritic powder which traces the surface defects is permanently adhered to the surface by means of the application of heat. Subsequently, the workpiece is demagnetized leaving the permanently adhered ferritic powder at the defect location thus fixing the visible tracing.

Inventors

  • 👤 Kurt Reinshagen

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-09 17:53
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N27/00; G01N27/72; G01N27/82; G01N27/83; G01N27/84

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 8
Claim 1
Independent Claim 174 words
A process for rendering visible defects occurring at the surface of workpieces, said process including the steps of magnetizing the workpiece by passing a direct electric current therethrough at a magnetization path whereby stray flux lines of the magnetic field are caused to develop at defect locations of the workpiece; applying a ferritic powder to at least a portion of the surface of the workpiece whereby the powder is attracted by the stray flux lines and accumulates at the region of the deflect locations thereby rendering such defect locations visible; covering the surface of the workpiece which has had applied thereto the powder and at least the immediately surrounding regions of the workpiece with a marking material, then removing the powder to leave a marked outline of the defect location which was previously covered by the powder, to thereby fix the position of the defect location. CM,2Ocess as defined in claim 1, wherein the ferritic powder is sprayed onto the surface of the workpiece and comprises agglomerated particles of both ferritic and nonferritic sUbstances.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 25 words
A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the ferritic powder is sprayed onto the surface of the workpiece and comprises substantially even granular sizes.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 37 words
A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the powder at a defect location is removed by directing an airstream against the workpiece, and wherein the marking material surrounding the defect location is dried by the airstream.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 24 words
A process as defined in claim 1, further including the step of covering the entire surface area of the workpiece with the marking material.
Claim 5
Independent Claim 173 words
An apparatus for detecting defect locations in the surface of a workpiece, said apparatus comprising: at least a pair of current carrying electrode units disposed in contact with the workpiece for passing a direct electric current therethrough at a magnetization path defined by said electrode units whereby stray flux lines of the magnetic field result at surface defect locations of the workpiece; spraying nozzle means for spraying ferritic particles evenly over the surface of the workpiece, said ferritic particles being attracted by the stray flux lines and accumulating at defect locations thereby rendering visible the surface defect locations; and means for fixing the visible indication of the surface defect locations to maintain such defect locations visible, said fixing means comprising a color marking material spraying means for spraying color marking material over the powder on the surface of the workpiece and onto at least the immediately surrounding regions of the workpiece surface, said color marking material spraying means being disposed between said pair of electrode units within the magnetization path of the workpiece.
Claim 6
Independent Claim 173 words
An apparatus for detecting defect locations in the surface of a workpiece, said apparatus comprising: at least a pair of current carrying electrode units disposed in contact with the workpiece for passing a direct electric current therethrough at a magnetization path defined by said electrode units whereby stray flux lines of the magnetic field result at surface defect locations of the workpiece; spraying nozzle means for spraying ferritic particles evenly over the surface of the workpiece, said ferritic particles being attracted by the stray flux lines and accumulating at defect locations thereby rendering visible the surface defect locations; and means for fixing the visible indication of the surface defect locations to maintain such defect locations visible, said fixing means comprising a color marking material spraying means for spraying color marking material over the powder on the surface of the workpiece and onto at least the immediately surrounding regions of the workpiece surface, said color marking material spraying means being disposed between said pair of electrode units within the magnetization path of the workpiece.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 45 words
An apparatus as defined in claim 6, further including a defect position-finding device disposed between said spray nozzle means and said color marking material spraying means, said defect position-finding device determining the presence of a defect location and actuating said color marking material spraying means.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 58 words
An apparatus as defined in claim 6, further including means for establishing a feed velocity of the workpiece with respect to said apparatus, and wherein one of said pair of electrode units at the discharge end of said apparatus comprises workpiece contact means disposed on an endless chain driven in synchronism with the feed speed of the workpiece.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

DE1169696B Cited
US3073212A Cited
US3249861A Cited
US3480855A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1974-10-18 1975-04-19 1975-10-19 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1978-10-18 1979-04-19 1979-10-19 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1982-10-18 1983-04-19 1983-10-19 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

Assigned Categories & Tags

No categories assigned to this patent yet.

Assign Category Tag