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US3612945A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Delayed turn-on solid state relay

Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1967-11-02
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Granted: 1971-10-12
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Expires: 1987-11-02
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Abstract

Abstract A solid state relay is described which exhibits gradual turn-on characteristics. This relay is useful, for example, for turning ON and OFF traffic control signal lights, wherein the gradual turn-on characteristics of the relay significantly reduce the current surge normally associated with the turn-on of incandescent lamps.

Inventors

  • 👤 Carlile R Stevens

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-27 09:26
CPC Classifications
H; H03; H03K; H03K17/00; H03K17/51; H03K17/56; H03K17/72; H03K17/725; G; G08; G08G; G08G1/00; G08G1/07

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim 112 words
A solid state relay comprising: first and second silicon-controlled rectifiers connected in back-to-back parallel, oppositely poled relationship; said second silicon-controlled rectifier connected across said first silicon-controlled rectifier so as to be operated thereby; means for providing a gate voltage to turn ON said first silicon-controlled rectifier in response to a control signal; means responsive to the voltage drop across said first siliconcontrolled rectifier for controlling a conduction cycle of said second silicon-controlled rectifier; said conduction cycle being defined as the initiation of operation of said second silicon-controlled rectifier at a delayed time; and means for connecting said first and second silicon-controlled rectifiers in series with a load and an AC power source.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 112 words
A solid state relay comprising: first and second silicon-controlled rectifiers connected in back-to-back parallel, oppositely poled relationship; said second silicon-controlled rectifier connected across said first silicon-controlled rectifier so as to be operated thereby; means for providing a gate voltage to turn ON said first silicon-controlled rectifier in response to a control signal; means responsive to the voltage drop across said first siliconcontrolled rectifier for controlling a conduction cycle of said second silicon-controlled rectifier; said conduction cycle being defined as the initiation of operation of said second silicon-controlled rectifier at a delayed time; and means for connecting said first and second silicon-controlled rectifiers in series with a load and an AC power source.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 46 words
A relay as defined in claim 1 wherein said last-mentioned controlling means comprises: a first capacitor charged by said voltage drop; and means cooperating with said first capacitor to control the gate voltage of said silicon-controlled rectifier in response to the charge on said first capacitor.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 154 words
A slave circuit for controlling the conduction cycle of a second silicon-controlled rectifier in response to the voltage drop across a first silicon-controlled rectifier, said first and second silicon-controlled rectifiers being reversely parallel-connected, said circuit comprising: a first capacitor, a first resistor and a first diode connected in series across the anode and cathode of said second rectifier; a second diode, the cathode of which is connected to the junction of said first resistor and said first diode; a second resistor and a second capacitor connected in parallel between the anode of said second diode and the anode of said second rectifier; a third resistor and a third diode connected in series between the junction of said second diode and said second resistor and said second capacitor and the cathode of said second rectifier; and the gate of said second rectifier being connected to the junction of said third resistor and said third diode.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 154 words
A slave circuit for controlling the conduction cycle of a second silicon-controlled rectifier in response to the voltage drop across a first silicon-controlled rectifier, said first and second silicon-controlled rectifiers being reversely parallel-connected, said circuit comprising: a first capacitor, a first resistor and a first diode connected in series across the anode and cathode of said second rectifier; a second diode, the cathode of which is connected to the junction of said first resistor and said first diode; a second resistor and a second capacitor connected in parallel between the anode of said second diode and the anode of said second rectifier; a third resistor and a third diode connected in series between the junction of said second diode and said second resistor and said second capacitor and the cathode of said second rectifier; and the gate of said second rectifier being connected to the junction of said third resistor and said third diode.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 35 words
The invention as defined in claim 2 including a neon indicating lamp and a series dropping resistor connected directly across said rectifiers and being adapted to visually indicate when said rectifiers are not operating properly.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 62 words
A solid state relay for applying an AC current at a gradual rate to the filament of an incandescent lamp comprising: a silicon-controlled rectifier characterized by its ability to conduct in both directions upon the application of either polarity of a gate signal; and a thermistor directly coupled to said rectifier for activation thereof as a function of the applied AC voltage.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 62 words
A solid state relay for applying an AC current at a gradual rate to the filament of an incandescent lamp comprising: a silicon-controlled rectifier characterized by its ability to conduct in both directions upon the application of either polarity of a gate signal; and a thermistor directly coupled to said rectifier for activation thereof as a function of the applied AC voltage.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 32 words
The invention as defined in claim 5 including a neon indicating lamp and a series dropping resistor connected directly across said rectifier adapted to indicate when the relay is not operating properly.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 113 words
A solid state relay for applying an AC current at a gradual rate to the filament of an incandescent lamp comprising: a silicon-controlled rectifier characterized by its ability to conduct in both directions upon the application of either polarity of a gate signal; a thermistor characterized to operate as a function of the applied AC voltage thereto; a capacitor coupled to said thermistor and being chargeable in response to operation of said thermistor to develop a breakover voltage; and a diode directly coupled bEtween said thermistor and said rectifier operable in response to the developed breakover voltage to apply the stored charge in said capacitor at said gate signal to activate said rectifier.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 113 words
A solid state relay for applying an AC current at a gradual rate to the filament of an incandescent lamp comprising: a silicon-controlled rectifier characterized by its ability to conduct in both directions upon the application of either polarity of a gate signal; a thermistor characterized to operate as a function of the applied AC voltage thereto; a capacitor coupled to said thermistor and being chargeable in response to operation of said thermistor to develop a breakover voltage; and a diode directly coupled bEtween said thermistor and said rectifier operable in response to the developed breakover voltage to apply the stored charge in said capacitor at said gate signal to activate said rectifier.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 120 words
In a solid state relay of the type utilizing first and second parallel-connected, reversely poled silicon-controlled rectifiers, the improvement comprising: means responsive to a voltage drop across said first silicon-controlled rectifier, for controlling the conduction cycle of said second silicon-controlled rectifier; a first capacitor charged by said voltage drop; means cooperating with said first capacitor to control a gate voltage of said second silicon-controlled rectifier in response to the charge on said first capacitor; a second capacitor; and means for charging said second capacitor to a reference voltage responsive to the charge in said first capacitor, and wherein said voltage is proportional to the algebraic sum of said reference voltage and the voltage at the anode of said silicon-controlled rectifier.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 120 words
In a solid state relay of the type utilizing first and second parallel-connected, reversely poled silicon-controlled rectifiers, the improvement comprising: means responsive to a voltage drop across said first silicon-controlled rectifier, for controlling the conduction cycle of said second silicon-controlled rectifier; a first capacitor charged by said voltage drop; means cooperating with said first capacitor to control a gate voltage of said second silicon-controlled rectifier in response to the charge on said first capacitor; a second capacitor; and means for charging said second capacitor to a reference voltage responsive to the charge in said first capacitor, and wherein said voltage is proportional to the algebraic sum of said reference voltage and the voltage at the anode of said silicon-controlled rectifier.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 131 words
In a solid state relay of the type utilizing a first and a second parallel-connected, reversely poled silicon-controlled rectifiers, the improvement which comprises: said second silicon-controlled rectifier electrically connected across said first silicon-controlled rectifier; circuit means responsive to the absence of a voltage drop across said first silicon-controlled rectifier and operable for controlling conduction of said second silicon-controlled rectifier; said conduction being defined as the initiation of operation of said second silicon-controlled rectifier at a delayed time; means for connecting said first silicon-controlled rectifier and said second silicon-controlled rectifier in series with a load and an AC power source; and wherein said delayed time is defined as meaning conduction of said first silicon-controlled rectifier within a first AC cycle while conduction of said second silicon-controlled rectifier occurs several AC cycles later.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim 131 words
In a solid state relay of the type utilizing a first and a second parallel-connected, reversely poled silicon-controlled rectifiers, the improvement which comprises: said second silicon-controlled rectifier electrically connected across said first silicon-controlled rectifier; circuit means responsive to the absence of a voltage drop across said first silicon-controlled rectifier and operable for controlling conduction of said second silicon-controlled rectifier; said conduction being defined as the initiation of operation of said second silicon-controlled rectifier at a delayed time; means for connecting said first silicon-controlled rectifier and said second silicon-controlled rectifier in series with a load and an AC power source; and wherein said delayed time is defined as meaning conduction of said first silicon-controlled rectifier within a first AC cycle while conduction of said second silicon-controlled rectifier occurs several AC cycles later.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim 47 words
A relay as defined in claim 9 wherein said means for controlling comprises: a first capacitor charged by said voltage drop; and means cooperating with said first capacitor to control a gate voltage of said second silicon-controlled rectifier in response to the charge on said first capacitor.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US3018383A Cited
US3129341A Cited
US3299344A Cited
US3404328A Cited
US3453063A Cited
US3458796A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1974-10-11 1975-04-12 1975-10-12 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1978-10-11 1979-04-12 1979-10-12 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1982-10-11 1983-04-12 1983-10-12 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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