Saturated linear polymers having pendant polyethylenic unsaturation

Claim 2

The copolymer of claim 1 wherein the pluRality of pendant ethylenically unsaturated groups are attached to the backbone through linkage selected from the group consisting of ester, ether, amine and amide.

Claim 3

from about 40 to about 90 weight percent, basic the weight of the polymer backbone, of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of a. Alpha , Beta -ethylenically mono unsaturated substituted and unsubstituted hydrocarbons b. ethylenically mono unsaturated esters of organic and inorganic acids c. halides of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically mono unsaturated alcohols; d. Alpha , Beta -ethylenically mono unsaturated nitriles

Claim 4

from about 60 to about 10 weight percent, basis the weight the polymer backbone of a monomer selected from the group consisting of a. an Alpha , Beta -mono ethylenically unsaturated hydroxyl substituted compound b. an Alpha , Beta -mono ethylenically unsaturated oxirane c. an Alpha , Beta -mono ethylenically unsaturated ether d. an Alpha , Beta -mono ethylenically unsaturated mono-isocyanate e. an Alpha , Beta -mono ethylenically unsaturated primary or secondary amine f. an Alpha , Beta -mono ethylenically unsaturated amide g. an Alpha , Beta ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid wherein the ethylenically unsaturated monomer has identical chemical functionality with the functional groups of the liquid organic diluent;

Claim 5

The polymer of claim 2 wherein the plurality of ethylenically unsaturated groups are residues of ethylenically unsaturated monomers having conjugated ethylenic polyunsaturation.

Claim 6

halides of mono ethylenically unsaturated organic alcohols, and

Claim 7

The polymer of claim 1 wherein the plurality of ethylenically unsaturated groups are composed of unsaturated residues of at least two monomers having mono-ethylenic unsaturation.

Claim 8

a free radical catalyst; a. heating said mixture with agitaTion in an inert atmosphere for a time sufficient to form a linear saturated ester-free additional polymer containing polar mono functionality pendant from said backbone, said mono functionality being selected from the class consisting of hydroxyl, carboxyl, ether oxirane, isocyanate, amine, and amide functionality, said saturated organic diluent having identical substituent mono functionality to the external functionality pendant from said backbone b. adding to the dispersion so formed an amount, sufficient to react with substantially all of the substituent functionality pendant from the backbone and with the identical functional substituents of the saturated organic diluent, i. when said backbone contains hydroxyl functionality, a difunctional monomer selected from the class of Alpha , Beta -mono ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydrides and Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated oxirane compounds and a poly ethylenically unsaturated mono carboxylic acid ii. when said backbone contains oxirane functionality, a monomer selected from the group consisting of Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof, an Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated dihydroxy compound iii. when said backbone contains ethereal functionality, an Alpha , Beta -mono ethylenically unsaturated monomer selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl substituted monoisocyanate and a dihydroxy-substituted ethylenically unsaturated monomer iv. when said backbone contains amine functionality, an Alpha , Beta -mono ethylenically unsaturated monomer selected from the class of hydroxyl-substituted monoisocyanates, oxiranes, and dihydroxyl-substituted compounds v. when said backbone contains amide functionality, an Alpha , Beta -mono ethylenically unsaturated oxirane vi. when said backbone contains isocyanate functionality, a dihydroxy-substituted Alpha , Beta -mono ethylenically unsaturated compound thereby forming a mixture comprising said saturated organic diluent and an unsaturated difunctional monomer c. heating the resultant mixture at a temperature and for a time sufficient to form a linear copolymer having a substantially inert backbone and having pendant therefrom a plurality of mono ethylenically unsaturated groups, containing reactive mono functional groups selected from the class consisting of hydroxyl, carboxyl, ether, isocyanate, amine, and amide functionality, the linear polymer being dispersed in a copolymerizable Alpha , Beta -mono ethylenically unsaturated liquid monomer having the same functional linkage as that of the linkage of the plurality of ethylenically unsaturated groups pendant from the linear polymer backbone, said pendant unsaturated groups having unreacted chemical functionality selected from the group consisting of ester, ether, isocyanate, carboxyl, amine, and amide, thereby forming a mixture comprising said polymer and said unsaturated liquid organic diluent, d. adding to said last-mentioned mixture an amount sufficient to react with the functional groups of said plurality of pendant ethylenically unsaturated groups and with the functional groups of said copolymerizable monomer an Alpha , Beta ethylenically unsaturated monomer reactable with the functional groups of said backbone and said copolymerizable monomer and selected from the class consisting of chemically mono- and difunctional ester, ether, isocyanate, carboxyl, amine, and amide monomers, thereby forming a composition consisting essentially of said polymer, said unsaturated liquid organic diluent, and said last-mentioned monomers. e. heating the resultant mixture at a temperature and for a time sufficient to form a copolymer consisting of a saturated linear ester-free backbone having pendant therefrom a plurality of diethylenically unsaturated groups thereby forming a composition comprising said last-mentioned copolymer dispersed in a copolymerizable di-unsaturated monomer, f. adding to said composition containing said plurality oF ethylenically di-unsaturated groups and containing said chemical functionality an additional Alpha , Beta -ethylenically unsaturated monomer of the class described in 3(d) herein, thereby forming a mixture of said copolymer and said copolymerizable monomer and said Alpha , Beta -ethylenically mono unsaturated monomer g. heating the resultant mixture at a temperature and for a time sufficient to form a copolymer consisting of a saturated linear ester-free backbone having pendant therefrom a plurality of ethylenically polyunsaturated groups suspended in a copolymerizable monomer containing polyunsaturation.

Claim 9

mono ethylenically unsaturated nitriles, and B. from about 10 to about 20 weight percent of an Alpha , Beta -mono ethylenically unsaturated mono functional monomer selected from the class consisting of oxiranes, ethers, hydroxyl compounds, amides, and primary and secondary amines; and where said ethylenically unsaturated groups are pendant from said backbone by virtue of the reaction of substantially stoichiometric amount of an Alpha , Beta -mono ethylenically unsaturated di-functional monomer reactable with the functional groups pendant from the backbone.

Claim 10

The polymer of claim 4 wherein the plurality of ethylenically unsaturated groups are attached to the backbone through ester linkage.

Claim 11

The polymer of claim 4 wherein the plurality of ethylenically unsaturated groups are attached to the polymer backbone through ether linkage.

Claim 12

The polymer of claim 4 wherein the plurality of ethylenically unsaturated groups are attached to the backbone through amine linkage.

Claim 13

The polymer of claim 4 wherein the plurality of ethylenically unsaturated groups are attached to the backbone through amide linkage.

Claim 14

The polymer of claim 5 wherein the plurality of ethylenically unsaturated groups are composed of residues of at least two ethylenically unsaturated esters.

Claim 15

The polymer of claim 6 wherein the plurality of ethylenically unsaturated groups are composed of residues of at least two ethylenically unsaturated ethers.

Claim 16

The polymer of claim 7 wherein the ethylenically unsaturated groups are composed of residues of an ethylenically unsaturated amine and at least one ethylenically unsaturated epoxide.

Claim 17

The copolymer of claim 8 wherein the plurality of ethylenically unsaturated groups are composed of residues of an ethylenically unsaturated amide and at least one ethylenically unsaturated epoxide.

Claim 18

The copolymer of claim 1 dispersed in a liquid ethylenically unsaturated compound.

Claim 19

A process for preparing a copolymer comprising a linear saturated ester-free backbone having pendant therefrom a plurality of ethylenically polyunsaturated groups wherein substantially all of said groups have ethylenically unsaturated functionality N, N being an integer of from 2 to 6, said polymer being copolymerizable through at least one of the ethylenically unsaturated sites with vinyl monomer for thermosetting purposes which comprises the steps of 1 forming a reaction mixture consisting essentially of from about 15 to about 60 weight percent, basis the weight of the composition, of a liquid organic diluent selected from the class consisting of saturated alcohols oxiranes, ethers, carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid anhydrides isocyanates, amines, and amides: