US3607776A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Manufacture of ingestible capsules
Assignee: Pennwalt Corp
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Filing: 1968-06-11
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Granted: 1971-09-21
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Expires: 1988-06-11
Abstract
Abstract In encapsulation by interfacial polycondensation between intermediates respectively incorporated in minute droplets of one liquid and in a surrounding, continuous phase of another, immiscible liquid, safely ingestible microcapsules, as for containing substances to be used in or with foods, pharmaceuticals and the like, are prepared by such reaction between an intermediate comprising an amino acid, i.e. an amino carboxylic acid having at least two amine groups capable of the condensation reaction, and a suitable complementary intermediate such as a diacid chloride, e.g. adipoyl chloride, yielding a capsule wall of basically polyamide structure, which may also include anhydride linkages.
Inventors
- 👤 John E Santo
- 👤 Philip G Abend
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 21:52
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J13/00; B01J13/02; B01J13/06; B01J13/14; B01J13/16
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
15 words
A process as defined in claim 1, in which the amino carboxylic acid is lysine.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as defined in claim 2, in which the acid chloride is adipoyl chloride.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
54 words
A process as defined in claim 1, in which the liquid constituting the droplets is an organic liquid, said intermediate comprising acid chloride being incorporated in said organic liquid, said continuous-phase liquid being aqueous, and said intermediate comprising an amino carboxylic acid being incorporated in said aqueous liquid after establishment of said droplets therein.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process as defined in claim 1, in which carboxylic groups of said amino carboxylic acid react with said -COCl groups to produce supplemental anhydride linkage in said polyamide skin.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
118 words
In a process of encapsulation by interfacial condensation of a pair of polyamide-forming intermediates respectively incorporated in two substantially immiscible liquids, the procedure in which one of the intermediates comprises diacid chloride and the other intermediate comprises diamino carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of lysine, cystine, ornithine and 2,6-diamino-pimelic acid, said process comprising establishing droplets of one liquid containing one of the intermediates, in a continuous phase of the other liquid, and thereafter bringing together the second of the intermediates and said continuous liquid phase, for polyamide-forming reaction between the diacid chloride and the diamino carboxylic acid at the interfaces of the droplets and the continuous liquid phase, to encapsulate the droplets in a polyamide skin.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
58 words
A process as defined in claim 6, in which said droplets are established by adding the first liquid to the other liquid and agitating the resulting mixture to produce a dispersion of said droplets, said second intermediate being thereafter added to said other liquid, said process including agitating said dispersion after said addition to promote said polyamide-forming reaction.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
51 words
A process as defined in claim 6, in which said first liquid, forming the droplets, is an organic liquid containing the intermediate comprising diacid chloride, said other, continuous-phase liquid being aqueous and said other intermediate which comprises diamino carboxylic acid being added to said aqueous liquid after establishment of said droplets.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as defined in claim 8, in which said diamino carboxylic acid is lysine.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as defined in claim 9, in which said diacid chloride is adipoyl chloride.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process as defined in claim 8, in which said aqueous continuous phase liquid is established to be alkaline not substantially later than the addition of said diamino carboxylic acid thereto.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as defined in claim 11, in which said establishment of alkalinity in said continuous phase liquid is effected by adding said diamino carboxylic acid thereto in solution with an alkaline compound of an alkali metal.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process as defined in claim 8, in which carboxylic groups of diamino carboxylic acid with said diacid chloride to produce supplemental anhydride linkage in said polyamide skin.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1974-09-20 | 1975-03-22 | 1975-09-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1978-09-20 | 1979-03-22 | 1979-09-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1982-09-20 | 1983-03-22 | 1983-09-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |