US3607775A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process for encapsulating minute particles by use of autogenously polymerizable capsule wall material
Assignee: NCR Voyix Corp
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Filing: 1968-01-29
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Granted: 1971-09-21
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Expires: 1988-01-29
Abstract
Abstract A method is provided for producing, en masse, in a liquid manufacturing vehicle, minute capsules having walls which comprise a complex of at least two polymeric materials originally having opposite net electrical charges, at least one of which polymeric materials additionally is autogenously polymerizable to a solid polymeric material insoluble in the manufacturing vehicle. In the process, a liquid-liquid phase separation is effected by complex coacervation that is brought about by the opposite charges on the charged polymeric materials while in solution, and the complexly combined materials thereby emerge from solution in the manufacturing vehicle as a liquid phase relatively rich in the polymeric materials. The emergent liquid phase wets and enwraps particles of intended capsule core entities which have been dispersed in the manufacturing vehicle to form liquid-walled capsules and then conditions in the manufacturing vehicle are altered to cause the autogenously polymerizable material to react and produce solid, waterinsoluble, capsule walls.
Inventors
- 👤 Noble Hauime Yoshida
- 👤 Robert Erwin Miller
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 19:49
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J13/00; B01J13/02; B01J13/06; B01J13/10; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2984; Y10T428/2985; Y10T428/2987; Y10T428/2989
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 8
Claim 1
Independent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the polymeric film-forming material has a negative net electric charge and the autogenously polymerizable polymeric material has a positive net electric charge.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim l wherein the polymeric film-forming material has a positive net electric charge and the autogenously polymerizable polymeric material has a negative net electric charge.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
158 words
In a process for producing minute capsules, en masse, comprising the steps of: a. dispersing together an aqueous solution of a first electrically charged, hydrophilic, polymeric material, minute, substantially water-insoluble, particles of intended capsule core material and a second hydrophilic, polymeric, film-forming material having a net electrical charge opposite in polarity to that of the first polymeric material and b. causing a liquid phase to emerge from solution by complex coacervation of the polymeric materials whereby the separated liquid phase wets and enwraps the dispersed capsule core material the improvement which comprises utilizing an autogenously polymerizable polymeric material selected from the group consisting of: sulfomethylated urea-formaldehyde: amine-modified urea-formaldehyde: melamine-formaldehyde salts; polyamide-epichlorohydrin; polyamine-epichlorohydrin; amino-polyacrylamide; polyacrylamide-polyacrylic acid; and ammoniated polyacrylamide-polyacrylic acid as the first of the hydrophilic polymeric materials and altering conditions in the aqueous solution to cause the autogenously polymerizable polymeric material of the separated liquid phase to further polymerize to produce capsules having hardened, solidified, water-insoluble capsule walls.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 4 wherein the polymeric film-forming material has a negative net electric charge and the autogenously polymerizable polymeric material has a positive net electric charge.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 4 wherein the polymeric film-forming material has a positive net electric charge and the autogenously polymerizable polymeric material has a negative net electric charge.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
182 words
In a process for producing minute capsules, en masse, comprising the steps of: a. establishing an agitated, aqueous, two-phase liquid system having a discontinuous liquid phase of globules rich in concentration of a complex of an electrically charged, hydrophilic, polymeric, film-forming material and a hydrophilic, polymeric, film-forming material and a hydrophilic, polymeric material having a net electrical charge opposite in polarity to that of the polymeric film-forming material and a continuous liquid phase of aqueous liquid dilute in concentration of the polymeric materials; b. dispersing, in the agitated system, minute, substantially water-insoluble, particles of intended capsule core material which is wet and enwrapped by the globules of step (a) to form liquid-walled capsules the improvement which comprises utilizing an autogenously polymerizable polymeric material selected from the group consisting of: sulfomethylated urea-formaldehyde; amine-modified urea-formaldehyde; melamine-formaldehyde salts; polyamide-epichlorohydrin; polyamine-epichlorohydrin; amino-polyacrylamide; polyacrylamide-polyacrylic acid; and ammoniated polyacrylamide-polyacrylic acid as at least one of the hydrophilic polymeric materials of the system and altering conditions in the liquid system to cause the autogenously polymerizable polymeric material to further polymerize to produce capsules having hardened, solidified, water-insoluble capsule walls.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 7 wherein the polymeric film-forming material has a negative net electric charge and the autogenously polymerizable polymeric material has a positive net electric charge.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 7 wherein the polymeric film-forming material has a positive net electric charge and the autogenously polymerizable polymeric material has a negative net electric charge.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1974-09-20 | 1975-03-22 | 1975-09-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1978-09-20 | 1979-03-22 | 1979-09-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1982-09-20 | 1983-03-22 | 1983-09-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |