US3604807A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method and apparatus for holographic real time velocity measurement
Assignee: GCOPTRONICS Inc
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Filing: 1970-01-15
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Granted: 1971-09-14
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Expires: 1990-01-15
Abstract
Abstract Method and apparatus are disclosed for measuring the velocity of a material using the techniques of holography in conjunction with measurement of a doppler shift frequency enabling the velocity at multiple points to be determined without the need for reestablishing an interferometric system. A hologram is made of a material in a static condition in a test zone. Motion of a test material in the zone is then initiated and the hologram is reilluminated in the same manner as in real time interferometry. A lens system images a point in the test zone onto a photocell and the light scattered from the focal volume is imaged in the photocell and additionally the wave front produced by the hologram is imaged in the photocell. Thus, two fields are superposed on the photocell and a mixing action takes place between one of the fields which is doppler shifted in frequency by the velocity and the other which retains the frequency of the reference beam. Thus the photocell produces an output signal equal to the doppler shift frequency which is proportional to a component of velocity in a known direction.
Inventors
- 👤 Edwin B Champagne
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 10:49
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01B; G01B9/00; G01B9/02; G01B9/021; G01P; G01P5/00; G01P5/26; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S359/00; Y10S359/90
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
121 words
The method of measuring the velocity of a selected part of a material in a test zone comprising the steps of; making a hologram of a material in said zone with the material being effectively stationary, initiating the motion of a material through said zone, illuminating said hologram and said zone with an illumination beam in such relative positions that the image produced by the hologram is superposed upon the test zone thereby producing an observation beam scattered by the material in said test zone, mixing the wavefront of the observation beam scattered from the selected Part of said material with the wavefront reconstructed by the hologram, and measuring the frequency of variation of the interference pattern produced by said wavefronts.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
121 words
The method of measuring the velocity of a selected part of a material in a test zone comprising the steps of; making a hologram of a material in said zone with the material being effectively stationary, initiating the motion of a material through said zone, illuminating said hologram and said zone with an illumination beam in such relative positions that the image produced by the hologram is superposed upon the test zone thereby producing an observation beam scattered by the material in said test zone, mixing the wavefront of the observation beam scattered from the selected Part of said material with the wavefront reconstructed by the hologram, and measuring the frequency of variation of the interference pattern produced by said wavefronts.
Claim 3
Independent Claim
145 words
The method of measuring a selected velocity component of different parts of a material in a test zone comprising the steps of making a hologram of a material in said zone with the material being effectively stationary, initiating the motion of a material through said zone, illuminating said hologram and said test zone in such relative positions that the image produced by the hologram is superposed upon the test zone thereby producing a doppler-shifted observation beam scattered by the material in said test zone, producing on a photocell, for successively selected different parts of said material superposed fields representing the selected part and the image reconstructed by said hologram thereby producing a photocell output having a frequency corresponding to the doppler-shift of said observation beam, and measuring the output frequency for the successively selected different parts of said material to determine the component velocity thereof.
Claim 4
Independent Claim
145 words
The method of measuring a selected velocity component of different parts of a material in a test zone comprising the steps of making a hologram of a material in said zone with the material being effectively stationary, initiating the motion of a material through said zone, illuminating said hologram and said test zone in such relative positions that the image produced by the hologram is superposed upon the test zone thereby producing a doppler-shifted observation beam scattered by the material in said test zone, producing on a photocell, for successively selected different parts of said material superposed fields representing the selected part and the image reconstructed by said hologram thereby producing a photocell output having a frequency corresponding to the doppler-shift of said observation beam, and measuring the output frequency for the successively selected different parts of said material to determine the component velocity thereof.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
237 words
The method of measuring the flow rates in a given direction of different parts of a fluid in a test zone comprising the steps of making a hologram of a material in said test zone with the material being effectively stationary, initiating the flow of said fluid through said zone, illuminating said hologram and said test zone in such relative positions that the virtual image produced by the hologram is superposed upon the test zone thereby producing a doppler-shifted observation beam scattered by the fluid in said zone, disposing a lens and photocell in a position behind said hologram with the image of a first selected part of the fluid and the image reconstructed by the hologram being produced by the lens on said photocell thereby producing a photocell output signal having a frequency corresponding to the doppler-shift of said observation beam, measuring the output frequency of the photocell to determine the flow rate of first one selected part of the fluid, and disposing said lens and photocell in another position behind said hologram with the image of a second selected part of the fluid and the image reconstructed by the hologram being produced by the lens on said photocell thereby producing a photocell output having a frequency corresponding to the doppler-shift of said observation beam, and measuring the output frequency of the photocell to determine the flow rate of said second selected part of the fluid.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
237 words
The method of measuring the flow rates in a given direction of different parts of a fluid in a test zone comprising the steps of making a hologram of a material in said test zone with the material being effectively stationary, initiating the flow of said fluid through said zone, illuminating said hologram and said test zone in such relative positions that the virtual image produced by the hologram is superposed upon the test zone thereby producing a doppler-shifted observation beam scattered by the fluid in said zone, disposing a lens and photocell in a position behind said hologram with the image of a first selected part of the fluid and the image reconstructed by the hologram being produced by the lens on said photocell thereby producing a photocell output signal having a frequency corresponding to the doppler-shift of said observation beam, measuring the output frequency of the photocell to determine the flow rate of first one selected part of the fluid, and disposing said lens and photocell in another position behind said hologram with the image of a second selected part of the fluid and the image reconstructed by the hologram being produced by the lens on said photocell thereby producing a photocell output having a frequency corresponding to the doppler-shift of said observation beam, and measuring the output frequency of the photocell to determine the flow rate of said second selected part of the fluid.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
134 words
Apparatus for measuring the velocity of a selected part of a material in a test zone comprising a hologram of an effectively stationary material in said zone, a source of a coherent illumination beam for illuminating the material in said flow zone, said beam being adapted upon illumination of said hologram to reconstruct an image of the stationary material in said zone, the hologram, and test zone being disposed in such relative positions that the image produced by the hologram is superposed on said test zone, the illumination beam impinging upon the material in the test zone and being reflected thereby as a doppler-shifted observation beam, detector means movably disposed behind the hologram adapted to receive the illumination beam through the hologram and the observation beam, the frequency measuring means connected with the photocell.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
134 words
Apparatus for measuring the velocity of a selected part of a material in a test zone comprising a hologram of an effectively stationary material in said zone, a source of a coherent illumination beam for illuminating the material in said flow zone, said beam being adapted upon illumination of said hologram to reconstruct an image of the stationary material in said zone, the hologram, and test zone being disposed in such relative positions that the image produced by the hologram is superposed on said test zone, the illumination beam impinging upon the material in the test zone and being reflected thereby as a doppler-shifted observation beam, detector means movably disposed behind the hologram adapted to receive the illumination beam through the hologram and the observation beam, the frequency measuring means connected with the photocell.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
28 words
The invention defined in claim 4 wherein said hologram is a photographic plate, said detector means includes a photocell and a lens, and said source is a laser.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
The invention defined in claim 5 wherein the effectively stationary material is a milky liquid in a nonflowing condition in said test zone.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
35 words
The invention defined in claim 5 wherein said test zone is three-dimensional, said fluid is at least partially transparent to said illumination beam and said illumination beam passes through the fluid in said test zone.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
The invention defined in claim 5 wherein said lens and photocell are supported for Translational and angular adjustment upon an adjustable mount.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
76 words
The method of measuring the velocity of a material comprising the steps of; making a hologram of effectively stationary material in a test zone, illuminating the hologram to reconstruct the wavefront to form an image of the effectively stationary material, initiating the motion of material through said zone, superposing said image on said material in the test zone whereby the wavefront therefrom and the reconstructed wavefront interfere, and measuring the frequency difference of the respective wavefronts.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
76 words
The method of measuring the velocity of a material comprising the steps of; making a hologram of effectively stationary material in a test zone, illuminating the hologram to reconstruct the wavefront to form an image of the effectively stationary material, initiating the motion of material through said zone, superposing said image on said material in the test zone whereby the wavefront therefrom and the reconstructed wavefront interfere, and measuring the frequency difference of the respective wavefronts.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
No citation records indexed.
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1974-09-13 | 1975-03-15 | 1975-09-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1978-09-13 | 1979-03-15 | 1979-09-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1982-09-13 | 1983-03-15 | 1983-09-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |