US3601613A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Photoelectric apparatus for determining the displacement of an object
Assignee: Ernst Leitz Wetzlar GmbH
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Filing: 1970-03-05
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Granted: 1971-08-24
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Expires: 1990-03-05
Abstract
Abstract In a photoelectric apparatus for determining the displacement of an object the image of a slit is projected onto a reflector attached to the object. A beam splitter is arranged for dividing the reflected image into two equal portions and for directing the portions into two different reception channels. Photoelectric receivers are associated with each reception channel which receivers are responsive to the intensity of the light impinging thereon. A summing amplifier and a differential amplifier are connected to the photoelectric receivers and are interconnected with one another for producing an output signal when the object is displaced; the amplitude of the signal corresponding to the displacement of the object.
Inventors
- 👤 Fromund Hock
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 23:13
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01D; G01D5/00; G01D5/26; G01D5/28; G01D5/30
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
211 words
A photoelectric apparatus for determining the lateral or angular displacement of an object, comprising a. means for projecting an image of a slit onto the object of which the displacement is to be determined; b. a reflector attached to the object on which reflector the slit image is projected; c. a beam splitting device for directing the reflected slit image into two reception channels according to the position of incidence of the reflected image on the beam splitting device; d. photoelectric means associated with each reception channel responsive to the light intensity entering each channel; e. a summing amplifier and f. a differential amplifier, both amplifiers connected to the photoelectric means and interconnected with one another in a connection wherein the summing amplifier controls the differential amplifier in a manner such that light of the reflected image arriving entirely in one of the two reception channels, causes the differential amplifier to produce an output signal of predetermined amplitude, and wherein, when the object is displaced, the differential amplifier supplies an output signal discriminator curve having an amplitude which corresponds to the displacement of the object in a manner such that throughout the measuring range the steepness of the discriminator curve at the output terminal of the differential amplifier is always constant.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
211 words
A photoelectric apparatus for determining the lateral or angular displacement of an object, comprising a. means for projecting an image of a slit onto the object of which the displacement is to be determined; b. a reflector attached to the object on which reflector the slit image is projected; c. a beam splitting device for directing the reflected slit image into two reception channels according to the position of incidence of the reflected image on the beam splitting device; d. photoelectric means associated with each reception channel responsive to the light intensity entering each channel; e. a summing amplifier and f. a differential amplifier, both amplifiers connected to the photoelectric means and interconnected with one another in a connection wherein the summing amplifier controls the differential amplifier in a manner such that light of the reflected image arriving entirely in one of the two reception channels, causes the differential amplifier to produce an output signal of predetermined amplitude, and wherein, when the object is displaced, the differential amplifier supplies an output signal discriminator curve having an amplitude which corresponds to the displacement of the object in a manner such that throughout the measuring range the steepness of the discriminator curve at the output terminal of the differential amplifier is always constant.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
A photoelectric apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the photoelectric means comprises a photoelectric cell allocated to each reception channel.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
A photoelectric apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the photoelectric means comprises a single photoelectric cell alternately allocated to each reception channel.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
37 words
A photoelectric apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the summing amplifier controls an illumination source of the projecting means in a manner such that the amplitude of the output signal of the summing amplifier remains constant.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
44 words
A photoelectric apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the projecting means comprises an illumination source, a condenser lens and an objective lens arranged for projecting the slit image onto the reflector, the slit being arranged between the condenser lens and the objective lens.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
A photoelectric apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the objective lens provided in the projecting means and the reflector are arranged for autocollimation.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
32 words
A photoelectric apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein a beam divider is arranged between the slit and the objective lens for directing the reflected slit image onto the beam splitting device.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
44 words
A photoelectric apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein the beam divider is a polarizing divider, and an optical polarizing component which rotates the polarization of the slit image through 90* is arranged in the image path between the beam divider and the reflector.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
36 words
A photoelectric apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the optical polarizing component comprises a lambda /4 plate. 10 A photoelectric apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the optical polarizing component comprises a Faraday cell.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
A photoelectric apparatus as claimed in claim 14, wherein the beam divider comprises a geometrical beam divider.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
A photoelectric apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the objective lens is a telescope objective and the reflector attached to the object is a plane mirror.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
26 words
A photoelectric apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the objective lens comprises a microobjective and the reflector attached to he object comprises a part-spherical mirror.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
30 words
A photoelectric apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the reflector comprises a concave mirror which serves at the same time as an objective forming the image of the slit.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
30 words
A photoelectric apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the reflector comprises a mirror lens which serves at the same time as an objective forming the image of the slit.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2948890A
Cited
US3432671A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1974-08-23 | 1975-02-22 | 1975-08-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1978-08-23 | 1979-02-22 | 1979-08-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1982-08-23 | 1983-02-22 | 1983-08-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |