US3597754A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Apparatus for detecting object movement
Assignee: Individual
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Filing: 1968-04-10
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Granted: 1971-08-03
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Expires: 1988-04-10
Abstract
Abstract An apparatus for detecting a moving object in a monitored area includes an amplifier, preferably tuned to an ultrasonic frequency and having electromechanical transducers of either resonant or nonresonant type connected to its input and an output and mechanically coupled through the monitored area to form a feedback loop which causes the amplifier to oscillate at its tuned frequency. The amplifier signal level depends upon the state of the monitored area, and any movement therein varies the amplifier signal level as a cosine squared function pulse train. The amplifier output after demodulation is AC coupled to a pulse amplifier, shaper and limited, and then AC coupled to an RC integrating network to produce a DC signal whose level is proportional to the duration of the motionally caused pulse train, and is applied to control a solid state alarm switch. A plurality of pairs of transducers may be connected to each amplifier, and the demodulator and alarm network may be remote from the amplifier and transducers and coupled thereto by radio signals, the electric power line, acoustic coupling through transducers, or by direct wire connection. A plurality of amplifiers of different frequencies may be employed, and corresponding filters may be provided in the demodulating and control networks. Also, a plurality of amplifiers, each modulating an oscillator, may be employed, and coupled to a common demodulator and control network.
Inventors
- 👤 Julius O Lerner
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 17:52
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01S; G01S15/00; G01S15/02; G01S15/50; G01S15/52; G01S15/523; G08; G08B; G08B13/00; G08B13/16; G08B13/1609; G08B13/1618; G08B13/1627
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
100 words
An apparatus for detecting motion in an ambient environment comprising an amplifier tuned to a predetermined frequency and having an input and an output; a first transducer connected to said amplifier input; a second transducer connected to said amplifier output and coupled through said ambient environment to said first transducer to provide positive feedback at said predetermined frequency from said amplifier output to said amplifier input in accordance with the state of said ambient environment whereby to control the signal level of said amplifier; and a first means responsive to a plurality of amplitude variations in said amplifier signal level.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
100 words
An apparatus for detecting motion in an ambient environment comprising an amplifier tuned to a predetermined frequency and having an input and an output; a first transducer connected to said amplifier input; a second transducer connected to said amplifier output and coupled through said ambient environment to said first transducer to provide positive feedback at said predetermined frequency from said amplifier output to said amplifier input in accordance with the state of said ambient environment whereby to control the signal level of said amplifier; and a first means responsive to a plurality of amplitude variations in said amplifier signal level.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said transducers are electromechanical and are acoustically coupled through said ambient environment.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
The apparatus of claim 1, including a tuned filter connected to said amplifier output to attenuate the amplifier signal output at frequencies substantially different from said predetermined frequency.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said electromechanical transducers comprise piezoelectric elements.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus of claim 1, including a plurality of said first transducers located at spaced positions.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus of claim 1, including a plurality of said second transducers located at spaced positions.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
43 words
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said signal variation responsive means includes a demodulating network connected to said amplifier and producing a control signal of a character corresponding to said variations of said amplifier signal level and means responsive to said control signal.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
46 words
The apparatus of claim 7, wherein said control signal responsive means comprises a pulse-shaping network having an input connected to the output of said demodulating network, and an output, to a time delay integrating network having an input connected to the output of said pulse-shaping network.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
53 words
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said amplifier comprises a preamplifier stage having its input connected to said first transducer and a second amplifier stage including a tuned network limiting the pass of said amplifier to a predetermined frequency, said second amplifier stage being connected between said preamplifier stage and said second transducer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The apparatus of claim 9, wherein said first means includes a demodulating network coupled to the output of said preamplifier stage.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
65 words
The apparatus of claim 9, wherein said first means includes a demodulating network coupled to the output of said preamplifier stage; a pulse shaping and limiting network coupled to the output of said demodulating network; an integrating network coupled to the output of said pulse-shaping network; a solid-state switch controlled by the output of said integrating network and a signalling device controlled by said switch.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
48 words
The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said integrating network comprises a resistor connected from the ungrounded side of said pulse-shaping network output, in series with a capacitor to the grounded side of said pulse-shaping network output, and the input of said switching network is connected across said capacitor.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
44 words
The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said first means comprises a third electromechanical transducer mechanically coupled to said second elecTromechanical transducer through said ambient environment, and means responsive to the variations in the level of the electrical signal output of said third electromechanical transducer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said first means is remotely positioned from said amplifier and transducers.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
61 words
The a apparatus of claim 1, wherein said amplifier is tuned to a predetermined frequency, and including an electric power line; first coupling means for connecting an output signal from said amplifier to said power line, said first means being located remotely from said amplifier, and second coupling means for connecting the input of said first means to said power line.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus of claim 15, wherein said first coupling means comprises a filter passing said amplifier frequency and blocking said power line frequency.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus of claim 15, wherein said second coupling means comprises a filter passing said amplifier frequency and blocking said power line frequency.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
40 words
The apparatus of claim 15, including an energizing source for said amplifier comprising a transformer having a primary and a secondary winding, a rectifier connected to said secondary winding and means for connecting said primary winding to said power line.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
41 words
The apparatus of claim 15, including an energizIng source for said first means comprising a transformer including a primary and a secondary winding; a rectifier connected to said secondary winding and means for connecting said primary winding to said power line.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
71 words
The apparatus of claim 1 including a plurality of said amplifiers tuned to different frequencies, and each having a transducer connected to the input thereof, and each having a second transducer connected to the output thereof and each pair of transducers coupled through its respective ambient environment, and a plurality of said first means responsive to the variations in the signal levels of said amplifiers only at the tuned frequencies thereof.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
22 words
The apparatus of claim 20, wherein each of said first means includes a filter tuned to the frequency of a respective amplifier.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
34 words
The apparatus of claim 1, including an oscillator, and means for modulating said oscillator in accordance with said amplifier signal level, and means for coupling the output of said oscillator to said first means.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
15 words
The apparatus of claim 22, wherein said oscillator frequency is in the radio frequency range.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
19 words
The apparatus of claim 22, wherein said coupling means comprises an antenna connected to the output of said oscillator.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
15 words
The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said amplifier is tuned to an l ultrasonic frequency.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
15 words
The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said electromechanical transducers are resonant at a predetermined frequency.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
29 words
The apparatus of claim 22 wherein said coupling means comprises an electric power line coupled to the output of said oscillator and to the input of said first means.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
15 words
The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said electromechanical transducers are resonant at an ultrasonic frequency.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1974-08-02 | 1975-02-01 | 1975-08-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1978-08-02 | 1979-02-01 | 1979-08-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1982-08-02 | 1983-02-01 | 1983-08-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |