US3593818A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method and apparatus for energy density measurements in standing ultrasonic wave fields
Assignee: Individual
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Filing: 1969-08-20
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Granted: 1971-07-20
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Expires: 1989-08-20
Abstract
Abstract A method and apparatus for measuring the energy density in confined fluids which are excited ultrasonically. A spherical probe is immersed into the fluid with ultrasonic sensors uniformly distributed over a spherical surface, so that the sensors are located at the vertices of regular polyhedrons. The sensors convert the measured parameters into corresponding electrical signals which are processed by squaring and averaging to provide an indication of the energy density. The sensors are imbedded within a substance having a substantially high capacity for sonic absorption.
Inventors
- 👤 Reimar Pohlmann
- 👤 Joachim Herbertz
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 09:24
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N29/00; G01N29/22; G01N29/24; G01N29/2437; G01H; G01H3/00; G01H3/10; G01N29/02; G01N29/032; G01N2291/00; G01N2291/02; G01N2291/022; G01N2291/024; G01N2291/02433; G01N2291/028; G01N2291/02818; G01N2291/10; G01N2291/106
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
63 words
A method for determining the energy density in ultrasonically excited fluids, comprising the steps of distributing a plurality of ultrasonic sensors uniformly over a spherical surface having a diameter equal to an integral multiple of the half sonic wavelength; and adding the measured values derived from the individual ultrasonic sensors, whereby the sum of said measured values is indicative of said energy density.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
63 words
A method for determining the energy density in ultrasonically excited fluids, comprising the steps of distributing a plurality of ultrasonic sensors uniformly over a spherical surface having a diameter equal to an integral multiple of the half sonic wavelength; and adding the measured values derived from the individual ultrasonic sensors, whereby the sum of said measured values is indicative of said energy density.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein said ultrasonic sensors are piezoelectric sensors.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method as defined in claim 2 including the steps of squaring the measured values derived from the individual piezoelectric sensors; and averaging the squared values to obtain an averaged quantity representative of said energy density.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method as defined in claim 2 including the step of sampling the measured values of the individual piezoelectric sensors in periodic sequence.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method as described in claim 4 including the step of squaring the measured values derived from the individual piezoelectric sensors; and averaging the squared values to provide an averaged quantity representative of said energy density.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
70 words
An arrangement for determining the energy density of ultrasonically excited fluids comprising, in combination, a spherical surface member; a plurality of ultrasonic sensors distributed uniformly over said spherical surface member, said sensors transmitting signals indicative of the parameter values sensed; and adding means for adding the measured values derived from said sensors, whereby the sum of said measured values obtained from said adding means is representative of said energy density.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
70 words
An arrangement for determining the energy density of ultrasonically excited fluids comprising, in combination, a spherical surface member; a plurality of ultrasonic sensors distributed uniformly over said spherical surface member, said sensors transmitting signals indicative of the parameter values sensed; and adding means for adding the measured values derived from said sensors, whereby the sum of said measured values obtained from said adding means is representative of said energy density.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
The arrangement as defined in claim 6 wherein the diameter of said spherical surface member is an integral multiple of the half sonic wavelength.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
The arrangement as defined in claim 6 wherein said ultrasonic sensors are spaced from said spherically surface member and are located at the vertices of regular polyhedrons.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The arrangement as defined in claim 8 wherein said ultrasonic sensors are arranged at the vertices of combined icosahedrons and dodecahedrons.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
21 words
The arrangement as defined in claim 8 wherein said ultrasonic sensors are arranged at the vertices of combined hexahedrons and octahedrons.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
The arrangement as defined in claim 6 wherein said ultrasonic sensors comprise ultrasonic absorption members converting the temperature rise in a sonic field into a corresponding electrical signal.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
The arrangement as defined in claim 11 wherein said sensors comprise thermoelectric elements imbedded in a substance of substantially high sonic absorption capability.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
The arrangement as defined in claim 12 including gas bubbles within said substance for increasing the sonic absorption capability.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
35 words
The arrangement as defined in claim 11 wherein the terminals of said thermoelectric elements have a cross section so that the heat conduction from said absorption member in both terminals is of the same magnitude.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
24 words
The arrangement as defined in claim 6 including temperature compensation means operatively connected to said thermoelectric elements and mounted within said spherically surface member.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
29 words
The arrangement as defined in claim 15 wherein said temperature compensation means comprises temperature dependent electrical resistor means for compensating the sensitivity of said absorption member against temperature dependency.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
26 words
The arrangement as defined in claim 6 wherein said ultrasonic sensors comprIse temperature dependent resistors imbedded in a substance having a substantially high sonic absorption capacity.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
25 words
The arrangement as defined in claim 6 wherein said ultrasonic sensors comprise temperature dependent semiconductors imbedded in a substance of substantially high sonic absorption capacity.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
15 words
The arrangement as defined in claim 6 wherein said ultrasonic sensors consist of piezoelectric elements.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1974-07-19 | 1975-01-18 | 1975-07-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1978-07-19 | 1979-01-18 | 1979-07-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1982-07-19 | 1983-01-18 | 1983-07-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |