US3590374A — Current measuring apparatus utilizing combined ro…

Claim 1

Independent Claim 147 words

Apparatus for measuring the current flowing in an electric conductor comprising, a magnetic core encircling said conductor, coil means wound on said core, at least two magneto-optic Faraday elements, means for directing a beam of plane polarized electromagnetic energy through said Faraday elements, at least two energizing coils connected to the output of said coil means, each coil being magnetically coupled to an individual one of said Faraday elements to apply magnetic fields thereto each of which is proportional to the current in said conductor so as to produce rotation of the plane polarized energy passing through said Faraday elements as a function of the current in said conductor, and detection means responsive to the energy emerging from said Faraday elements for determining the total Faraday rotational effect produced by the algebraic addition of the rotational effects of each Faraday element on the electromagnetic energy passing therethrough.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 147 words

Apparatus for measuring the current flowing in an electric conductor comprising, a magnetic core encircling said conductor, coil means wound on said core, at least two magneto-optic Faraday elements, means for directing a beam of plane polarized electromagnetic energy through said Faraday elements, at least two energizing coils connected to the output of said coil means, each coil being magnetically coupled to an individual one of said Faraday elements to apply magnetic fields thereto each of which is proportional to the current in said conductor so as to produce rotation of the plane polarized energy passing through said Faraday elements as a function of the current in said conductor, and detection means responsive to the energy emerging from said Faraday elements for determining the total Faraday rotational effect produced by the algebraic addition of the rotational effects of each Faraday element on the electromagnetic energy passing therethrough.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 51 words

Apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein the combination of a first one of said energizing coils and its associated magnetically coupled Faraday element are arranged so that said associated Faraday element will saturate at a lower level of conductor current than the Faraday element associated with the second energizing coil.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 41 words

Apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein the number of turns of said two energizing coils are unequal so that the intensity of the magnetic fields applied to their respective Faraday elements are unequal for a given current in said conductor.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 25 words

Apparatus As described in claim 1 wherein said coil means comprises at least two separate windings individually connected to respective ones of said energizing coils.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 21 words

Apparatus as described in claim 4 wherein the number of turns of at least two of said separate windings are unequal.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 49 words

Apparatus as described in claim 1 further comprising at least two other magnetic cores on which said energizing coils are individually wound, said other magnetic cores being arranged in the vicinity of their respective Faraday elements so as to he magnetic fields applied thereto by the respective energizing coils.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 34 words

Apparatus as described in claim 6 wherein the number of turns of said two energizing coils are unequal thereby to magnetically saturate each of said Faraday elements at different levels of the conductor current.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 42 words

Apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said energizing coils are connected in series aiding relationship across the output of the coil means and said Faraday elements are arranged so that said polarized beam of electromagnetic energy passes serially through said elements.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 34 words

Apparatus as described in claim 8 wherein said Faraday elements consist of rods composed of yttrium iron garnet material and said polarized beam consists of electromagnetic energy in the infrared region of the spectrum.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 41 words

Apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said energizing coils are connected in series opposition across the output of the coil means and said Faraday elements are arranged so that said polarized beam of electromagnetic energy passes serially through said elements.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 59 words

Apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein the combination of a first one of said energizing coils and its associated magnetically coupled Faraday element and the combination of a second one of said energizing coils and its associated Faraday element are arranged to produce opposite rotational effects on the beam of polarized electromagnetic energy passing through said Faraday elements.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 44 words

Apparatus as described in claim 11 wherein said first and second energizing coils are connected in series opposition across the output of the coil means and said Faraday elements are arranged so that said polarized beam of electromagnetic energy passes serially through said elements.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 42 words

Apparatus as described in claim 11 wherein the number of turns of said first and second energizing coils are different so that one of said Faraday elements achieves magnetic saturation at a lower value of conductor current than the other Faraday element.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 24 words

Apparatus as described in claim 1 further comprising separate magnetic shielding enclosures for each combination of an energizing coil and its associated Faraday element.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 171 words

Apparatus for measuring the current in an electric conductor over a given current range comprising a magnetic core encircling said conductor, coil means wound on said core, at least two magneto-optic Faraday elements, means for directing a beam of plane polarized electromagnetic energy through said Faraday elements, at least two energizing coils connected to the output of said coil means in a manner such that each coil is subject to control by the same conductor current throughout the entire given current range, each coil being magnetically coupled with an individual one of said Faraday elements to apply magnetic fields thereto each of which is proportional to the conductor current thereby to produce rotation of the electromagnetic energy passing through said Faraday elements as a function of the current in said conductor, and detection means responsive to the energy emerging from said Faraday elements for determining the net resultant Faraday rotation of said energy beam produced by the algebraically combined rotational effects of each Faraday element on the electromagnetic energy passing therethrough.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 171 words

Apparatus for measuring the current in an electric conductor over a given current range comprising a magnetic core encircling said conductor, coil means wound on said core, at least two magneto-optic Faraday elements, means for directing a beam of plane polarized electromagnetic energy through said Faraday elements, at least two energizing coils connected to the output of said coil means in a manner such that each coil is subject to control by the same conductor current throughout the entire given current range, each coil being magnetically coupled with an individual one of said Faraday elements to apply magnetic fields thereto each of which is proportional to the conductor current thereby to produce rotation of the electromagnetic energy passing through said Faraday elements as a function of the current in said conductor, and detection means responsive to the energy emerging from said Faraday elements for determining the net resultant Faraday rotation of said energy beam produced by the algebraically combined rotational effects of each Faraday element on the electromagnetic energy passing therethrough.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 75 words

Apparatus as described in claim 15 wherein said two Faraday elements and their associated energizing coils are arranged to produce different rotAtional effects on the energy beam per unit of conductor current, one of said elements being arranged to be more sensitive than the other element and also being arranged to saturate at a lower current level than the other element whereby said other element provides a higher current measuring range facility of lower sensitivity.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 51 words

Apparatus as described in claim 15 wherein said two Faraday elements and their associated energizing coils are arranged to produce equal and opposite rotational effects on the energy beam per unit of conductor current up to a given current level at which one of said Faraday elements is arranged to saturate.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 64 words

Apparatus as described in claim 15 wherein said two Faraday elements are composed of materials having different temperature coefficients said coil means and said energizing coils being arranged to energize said two Faraday elements at different levels of magnetic energization for a given conductor current so that the resultant temperature coefficient of the combined Faraday elements is lower than that for either element alone.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 32 words

Apparatus as described in claim 15 further comprising means connecting said energizing coils in series in a manner such that the same current flows in each throughout the entire given current range.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1974-06-28	1974-12-28	1975-06-29	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1978-06-28	1978-12-28	1979-06-29	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1982-06-28	1982-12-28	1983-06-29	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Current measuring apparatus utilizing combined rotational effects of two or more faraday elements

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