US3582803A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Electrical networks having the properties of circulators
Assignee: POSTMASTER GENERAL UK
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Filing: 1969-03-10
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Granted: 1971-06-01
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Expires: 1989-03-10
Abstract
Abstract This specification describes an electrical network having the properties of a circulator with n ports in sequence in a closed ring in which each port has associated with it a respective pair of signal transmission paths of equal but opposite gains connected from a common input point for the pair of paths to a common output point for the pair of paths, the port being coupled for signal transfer to and from only one of the paths of the pair, and the common output point for the pair of paths associated with each port being associated with the next port in the sequence so as to form a closed ring of pairs of paths. The transmission paths may consist of differential amplifiers respective to the pairs of paths together with associated resistors.
Inventors
- 👤 Philip Ernest Greenaway
- 👤 John Mortimer Rollet
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 11:35
CPC Classifications
H; H03; H03H; H03H11/00; H03H11/02; H03H11/38
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 8
Claim 1
Independent Claim
149 words
An electrical network including a plurality of similar stages, each stage having an input terminal and an output terminal, two signal transmission paths connected in parallel from the input terminal of one stage to its output terminal, the paths including amplifying means of equal gains, but one of which produces at the output terminal the inverse of the signal from the other path at the output terminal, so that a signal applied to the input terminal of the stage is self-cancelling at its output terminal, and a connection from a port respective to the stage to a particular one of the paths to feed signals to the path or derive signals from it independently of the signals in the other path, the stages being connected in series, output terminal to input terminal, in a closed ring, whereby the network has the properties to a circulator connected to the ports.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
149 words
An electrical network including a plurality of similar stages, each stage having an input terminal and an output terminal, two signal transmission paths connected in parallel from the input terminal of one stage to its output terminal, the paths including amplifying means of equal gains, but one of which produces at the output terminal the inverse of the signal from the other path at the output terminal, so that a signal applied to the input terminal of the stage is self-cancelling at its output terminal, and a connection from a port respective to the stage to a particular one of the paths to feed signals to the path or derive signals from it independently of the signals in the other path, the stages being connected in series, output terminal to input terminal, in a closed ring, whereby the network has the properties to a circulator connected to the ports.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
28 words
A network as claimed in claim 1, in which the two signal transmission paths connected in parallel in each stage comprise a differential amplifier and associated passive elements.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
45 words
A network as claimed in claim 2, in which the differential amplifier is a differential, operational amplifier having a high gain, a high input impedance and a low output impedance and negative feedback is provided over the amplifier so that a desired gain is obtained.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
A network as claimed in claim 2, in which the differential amplifier includes a long-tailed transistor pair.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
A network as claimed in claim 4 in which the long-tailed pair is fed from a constant current source.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
31 words
A network as claimed in claim 4, in which the long-tailed pair has its output connected with or without phase reversal to the next port by a common collector transistor stage.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
31 words
A network as claimed in claim 4 in which the long-tailed pair has its output connected with or without phase reversal to the next port by a common collector transistor stage.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1974-05-31 | 1974-11-30 | 1975-06-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1978-05-31 | 1978-11-30 | 1979-06-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1982-05-31 | 1982-11-30 | 1983-06-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |