US3580657A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Blazed surface hologram
Assignee: Xerox Corp
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Filing: 1968-05-14
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Granted: 1971-05-25
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Expires: 1988-05-14
Abstract
Abstract A blazed hologram is produced by exposing a photohardenable material to a stationary standing wave pattern preferably followed by preferential dissolution of the relatively exposed (or relatively unexposed depending on the type of photohardenable material) portions of the exposed photohardenable material in a developer liquid to create, in a preferred embodiment, a blazed, step or sawtoothlike surface profile relief pattern produced by preferential etching, the extent of the etching following sections of the intensity surfaces because the areas of lower exposure are eroded where they come to the surface of the photoresist material and hence are subject to the developer liquid. The optical information presented in exposure is carried in the form of a surface relief on the developed photohardenable member. This surface relief may be used to reconstruct the optical image and may be used in other advantageous ways as described herein.
Inventors
- 👤 Nicholas K Sheridon
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 01:50
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03F; G03F7/00; G03F7/0005; G03F7/001; G03H; G03H1/00; G03H1/04; G03H1/18; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S359/00; Y10S359/90
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
141 words
An imaging method comprising directing an object modulated beam of coherent radiation at one face of a photosensitive layer of finite volume, directing a reference beam of coherent radiation in phase with the radiation of the object beam at the other face of said layer creating a standing wave interference pattern including a plurality of standing wave surfaces in the volume of said layer anD intersecting said faces that change the resistance to removal of the layer in areas corresponding to the standing wave surfaces, and forming a blazed surface on at least one of said faces by removing portions of the layer having less resistance to removal with said blazed surface including segments of said plurality of standing wave surfaces that together form a standing wave surface capable of modulating radiation for reconstruction of an image of the modulating object.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
141 words
An imaging method comprising directing an object modulated beam of coherent radiation at one face of a photosensitive layer of finite volume, directing a reference beam of coherent radiation in phase with the radiation of the object beam at the other face of said layer creating a standing wave interference pattern including a plurality of standing wave surfaces in the volume of said layer anD intersecting said faces that change the resistance to removal of the layer in areas corresponding to the standing wave surfaces, and forming a blazed surface on at least one of said faces by removing portions of the layer having less resistance to removal with said blazed surface including segments of said plurality of standing wave surfaces that together form a standing wave surface capable of modulating radiation for reconstruction of an image of the modulating object.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said photosensitive layer includes a photohardenable material.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said forming step includes subjecting said photohardenable layer to a solvent for dissolving away the layer near the face in the changed areas corresponding to said standing wave surfaces.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the resistance to removal of the photohardenable material is increased in the areas corresponding to said plurality of standing wave surfaces.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the resistance to removal of the photohardenable material is reduced in the areas corresponding to said plurality of standing wave surfaces.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 1 further including directing a reconstruction beam of coherent radiation onto said blazed surface to form an image of the modulating object.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 6 wherein said reconstruction beam is directed toward said blazed surface at substantially the same direction as said reference beam.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 6 wherein said reconstruction beam includes radiation of substantially the same wavelength as the radiation of said reference beam.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 6 wherein said reconstruction beam is directed to a blazed surface through the photosensitive material.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 6 wherein said reconstruction beam is directed onto said layer from the same side as the blazed surface.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1 further including providing a support for said photosensitive radiation that is transparent to said radiation.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
44 words
An imaging method according to claim 1 wherein the vector direction of the reference beam is other than perpendicular to said layer and forms an angle between about 90* and about 180* with substantially all of the directional vectors of the object modulated beam.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
The imaging method according to claim 1 wherein the object modulated beam and the reference beam are collimated beams.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
An imaging method according to claim 13 wherein the reference beam is off axis.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
27 words
An imaging method according to claim 1 including the additional step of depositing a thin layer of reflective material over and in conformance with said blazed surface.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
26 words
An imaging method according to claim 15 wherein said reflective surface comprises a reflective metal which is deposited on said blazed layer surface by vacuum evaporation.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 15 further including directing a reconstruction beam of coherent radiation onto said coated blazed surface to form an image of the modulating object.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 17 wherein said reconstruction beam is directed onto said coated blazed surface through said photosensitive layer.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 17 wherein said reconstruction beam is directed onto said coated blazed surface from the coated side.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
27 words
An imaging method according to claim 1 including the additional step of splitting the photosensitive layer between the two faces thereof to give two separate exposed layers.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
145 words
The process of forming at least one replica of the blazed surface product of the method of claim 1 which comprises the steps of: a. forming a first generation negative master of said blazed surface by forming against the blazed surface of said image at a temperature below about 200* F. a layer of a hardenable material which is inert to said surface, hardening said layer and stripping the thus formed negative master from said surface; and b. forming a second generation positIve replica by depositing a solution of film forming material dissolved in a solvent on said first generation negative master sufficient to form a thin dried layer having a smooth deformation free outer surface, pressing the smooth surface of a support member against said deformation free outer surface and removing said first generation negative master from the thus formed second generation positive replica.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process according to claim 21 including repeating step (b) of claim 21 with fresh solutions of film forming material.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process according to claim 21 wherein said hardenable material is a curable silicone rubber.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
143 words
A blazed hologram comprising a photosensitive layer of finite volume upon which has been directed an object modulated beam of coherent radiation at one face of said layer and a reference beam of coherent radiation in phase with the radiation of the object beam at the other face of the layer creating a standing wave interference pattern including a plurality of standing wave surfaces in the layer and intersecting said faces that changed the resistance to removal of the layer in areas corresponding to said standing wave surfaces, and a blazed surface on at least one face of said layer formed by removing portions of the layer having less resistance to removal, said blazed surface including segments of said plurality of standing waves that together form a standing wave surface capable of modulating radiation for reconstruction of an image of the modulating object.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
143 words
A blazed hologram comprising a photosensitive layer of finite volume upon which has been directed an object modulated beam of coherent radiation at one face of said layer and a reference beam of coherent radiation in phase with the radiation of the object beam at the other face of the layer creating a standing wave interference pattern including a plurality of standing wave surfaces in the layer and intersecting said faces that changed the resistance to removal of the layer in areas corresponding to said standing wave surfaces, and a blazed surface on at least one face of said layer formed by removing portions of the layer having less resistance to removal, said blazed surface including segments of said plurality of standing waves that together form a standing wave surface capable of modulating radiation for reconstruction of an image of the modulating object.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
41 words
The blazed hologram of claim 24 wherein said photosensitive layer includes a photohardenable material and said blazed surface is formed by dissolving away with a solvent the areas of the layer having less resistance to removal by dissolution in the solvent.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
44 words
The blazed hologram of claim 24 wherein each segment of said blazed surface is a step having a riser portion and a tread portion and the distance between the top of the riser and the tread is from about 0.05 to about 10 microns.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 31 wherein said object beam is modulated by an at least partially transparent complex object.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1974-05-24 | 1974-11-23 | 1975-05-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1978-05-24 | 1978-11-23 | 1979-05-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1982-05-24 | 1982-11-23 | 1983-05-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |