Perfectly balanced double-acting reciprocating machine

Claim 2

A balanced reciprocating machine comprising: a casing; means defining at least one enclosed cylinder secured to said casing; a piston slidably mounted in said cylinder and dividing said cylinder into two working spaces; means for alternately supplying and exhausting pressurized fluid into and out of each of said two working spaces to effect reciprocation of said piston; a connecting rod pivotally connected at one end thereof to said piston; crank means including a crank pin connected to the other end of said connecting rod at a crank radius l; collar means eccentrically and rotatably supported by said casing and having support means rotatably supporting said crank means at the same amount of eccentricity-l; means to rotate said collar means and said crank means at the same uniform angular velocity and in reverse directions with respect to each other to effect linear reciprocating motion of said connecting rod; a first balance weight having a total mass m1 secured to said crank means on the opposite side of said crank pin at a distance R1 from its axis; a second balance weight having a total mass m2 secured to said collar means on the opposite side of said support means at a distance R2 from its axis; and wherein both said balance weights are determined in accordance with the formulas ml m1R1 and (m+m1+m3)l m2 R2, wherein m is the total reciprocating mass and m3 is the total rotating mass exclusive of said balance weights; whereby unbalanced forces caused by said reciprocating mass are balanced.

Claim 3

A reciprocating machine as defined in claim 1 wherein said means for alternately supplying and exhausting pressurized fluid comprises at least one inlet means communicating with said working spaces to supply fluid into said working spaces and outlet means communicating with said working spaces to discharge fluid from said working spaces.

Claim 4

A reciprocating machine as defined in claim 2 wherein said cylinder further includes ignition means communicating with each of said working spaces and said outlet means includes exhaust port means alternately covered and uncovered by said piston during its reciprocal movement.

Claim 5

A perfectly balanced reciprocating machine comprising a casing, at least one pair of cylinder means having cylinder head means secured to the casing, each pair of said cylinder means being secured to both sides of said casing oppositely in line with each other, piston means slidably mounted in each of said cylinder means defining a space between one side of the piston means and said cylinder head means, rod means connected at one end therEof to said piston means whereby said piston means and said rod means in said one pair of cylinder means linearly reciprocating as one unit, crank means having at least one crank pin corresponding to the number of pairs of said cylinders at a crank radius l, means rotatably connecting each said crank pin to said rod means, at least one eccentric collar means rotatably supported by said casing and having support means rotatably supporting said crank means at the same amount of eccentricity-l, means to rotate said crank and collar means at the same uniform angular velocity and in reverse directions with respect to each other to effect linear reciprocating motion of said rod means, balance weight means having a total mass m1, secured to said crank means on the opposite side of said crank pin at a distance R1 from its axis, and wherein both said balance weight means are determined in accordance with the formulas ml m1 R1 and (m+m1+m3)l M2R2, wherein m is the total reciprocating mass and m3 is the total rotating mass except for said masses m1 and m2, whereby unbalanced forces caused by reciprocating mass are balanced.

Claim 6

A perfectly balanced reciprocating machine comprising a casing, at least one pair of cylinder means having cylinder head means secured to the casing, each pair of said cylinder means being secured to both sides of said casing oppositely in line with each other, piston means slidably mounted in each of said cylinder means defining a space between one side of the piston means and said cylinder head means, rod means connected at one end therEof to said piston means whereby said piston means and said rod means in said one pair of cylinder means linearly reciprocating as one unit, crank means having at least one crank pin corresponding to the number of pairs of said cylinders at a crank radius l, means rotatably connecting each said crank pin to said rod means, at least one eccentric collar means rotatably supported by said casing and having support means rotatably supporting said crank means at the same amount of eccentricity-l, means to rotate said crank and collar means at the same uniform angular velocity and in reverse directions with respect to each other to effect linear reciprocating motion of said rod means, balance weight means having a total mass m1, secured to said crank means on the opposite side of said crank pin at a distance R1 from its axis, and wherein both said balance weight means are determined in accordance with the formulas ml m1 R1 and (m+m1+m3)l M2R2, wherein m is the total reciprocating mass and m3 is the total rotating mass except for said masses m1 and m2, whereby unbalanced forces caused by reciprocating mass are balanced.

Claim 7

A reciprocating machine as defined in claim 4 wherein said means to rotate said crank means and said eccentric collar means comprises a first toothed gear secured to said crank means, a first and a second shaft rotatably supported by said casing and extending parallel to the axis of said crank means, an eccentric gear having the same number of teeth as said first gear and having said amount of eccentricity-l secured to first shaft, second gear means secured to said first shaft third gear means secured to said second shaft and meshing with said second gear means, and fourth gear means secured to at least one said eccentric collar means and having the same number of teeth as in said second gear means and meshing with said third gear means.

Claim 8

A reciprocating machine as defined in claim 4 wherein said means to rotate said crank means and the eccentric collar means comprises planet gear means having a pitch circle diameter 2l secured to said crank means, and internal gear means secured to said casing concentric to said eccentric collar means and having a pitch circle diameter 4l and meshing with said planet gear means.

Claim 9

A reciprocating machine as defined in claim 4 wherein said machine further comprises wall means secured to each of said cylinder means defining a further space between said casing and the other side of said piston means and slidably accommodating said rod means.

Claim 10

A reciprocating machine as defined in claim 7 wherein said cylinder means further comprises inlet means communicating with said further space, outlet means communicating with said first-mentioned space, scavenge means communicating between said both spaces, and ignition means communicating said first-mentioned space, whereby said reciprocating machine operates as a two-cycle precompression chamber scavenging internal combustion engine in which each said pair of cylinders operate at 180* phase difference.

Claim 11

A reciprocating engine comprising: a cylinder; a piston mounted for reciprocal movement in said cylinder in response to fluid pressure differentials applied thereacross; means for applying fluid pressure differentials across said piston to effect reciprocal movement of said piston; a rotatably crank mechanism having a rotatably mounted crankshaft and a crank pin connected thereto at a distance l from the crankshaft axis; a connecting rod interconnecting said piston and said crank pin; rotatably support means having an axis of rotation parallel to and a distance l from said crankshaft axis supporting said crank mechanism for rotation; means for effecting rotation of said crank mechanism and said support means at the same angular velocity but in opposite directions in response to reciprocal movement of saId piston; a first balance weight having a total mess m1 connected to said crank mechanism at a distance R1 from said crank pin effective to balance said engine during rotation of said crankshaft; a second balance weight having a total mass m2 connected to said support means at a distance R2 from said crank shaft axis; and wherein both said balance weights are determined in accordance with the formulas ml m1R1 and (m+m1+m3)lm2R2, wherein m is the total reciprocating mass and m3 is the total rotating mass exclusive of said balance weights; whereby unbalanced forces caused by said reciprocating mass are balanced.

Claim 12

A reciprocating engine comprising: a cylinder; a piston mounted for reciprocal movement in said cylinder in response to fluid pressure differentials applied thereacross; means for applying fluid pressure differentials across said piston to effect reciprocal movement of said piston; a rotatably crank mechanism having a rotatably mounted crankshaft and a crank pin connected thereto at a distance l from the crankshaft axis; a connecting rod interconnecting said piston and said crank pin; rotatably support means having an axis of rotation parallel to and a distance l from said crankshaft axis supporting said crank mechanism for rotation; means for effecting rotation of said crank mechanism and said support means at the same angular velocity but in opposite directions in response to reciprocal movement of saId piston; a first balance weight having a total mess m1 connected to said crank mechanism at a distance R1 from said crank pin effective to balance said engine during rotation of said crankshaft; a second balance weight having a total mass m2 connected to said support means at a distance R2 from said crank shaft axis; and wherein both said balance weights are determined in accordance with the formulas ml m1R1 and (m+m1+m3)lm2R2, wherein m is the total reciprocating mass and m3 is the total rotating mass exclusive of said balance weights; whereby unbalanced forces caused by said reciprocating mass are balanced.