US3553362A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Conditional replenishment video system with run length coding of position
Assignee: AT&T Inc
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Filing: 1969-04-30
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Granted: 1971-01-05
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Expires: 1989-04-30
Abstract
Abstract A redundancy reduction system is described for processing video signals by comparing each amplitude sample derived from the video signal with a stored sample corresponding to the amplitude at the same spatial point location in a previous video frame. If a significant difference exists between the new sample and the stored sample, the amplitude for the new sample is selected for transmission to a receiving location. An address word is generated with each sample to indicate the location of that sample in a video line. When samples in two or more adjacent spatial point locations are selected for transmission, only the address word corresponding to the first location is transmitted. A code word, whose value indicates the number of samples in addition to the first which are to be associated with this single address word, is transmitted prior to the amplitude values for these additional samples. A synchronization word is transmitted between the samples in adjacent video lines in order to maintain line synchronization with the receiver.
Inventors
- 👤 Frank W Mounts
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 04:54
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04B; H04B1/00; H04B1/66; H04N; H04N19/00; H04N19/10; H04N19/134; H04N19/146; H04N19/152; H04N19/50; H04N19/503
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
125 words
In a redundancy reduction system in which plural samples of the amplitude of a signal are taken during each successive time interval, means for generating an address for each sample which identifies the location of said each sample within its respective time interval, means for generating a signal which identifies selected samples, means responsive to the identifying signal for generating a code word for each selected sample which follows a sample not selected, the value of said code word being an indication as to the number of selected samples in address locations which follow said selected sample, and means for transmitting the address, amplitude and code word for said each selected sample followed by the amplitudes for all selected samples indicated by said code word.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
125 words
In a redundancy reduction system in which plural samples of the amplitude of a signal are taken during each successive time interval, means for generating an address for each sample which identifies the location of said each sample within its respective time interval, means for generating a signal which identifies selected samples, means responsive to the identifying signal for generating a code word for each selected sample which follows a sample not selected, the value of said code word being an indication as to the number of selected samples in address locations which follow said selected sample, and means for transmitting the address, amplitude and code word for said each selected sample followed by the amplitudes for all selected samples indicated by said code word.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
114 words
In a redundance reduction system of the type defined in claim 1 wherein said means for generating an address provides an energizing pulse with each generated address and said manes for generating a code word includes a means having a first, a second, and a third output, said last-mentioned means being responsive to both said signal which identifies selected samples and said energizing pulse for generating a start-of-run signal at said first output when a selected sample follows a sample not selected, a continuing-run signal at said second output when a selected sample follows a selected sample, and an end-of-run signal at said third output when a sample not selected follows a selected sample.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
88 words
In a redundancy reduction apparatus of the type defined in claim 2 wherein said means for generating a code word further includes means for counting continuing-run signals, means for detecting a count of predetermined value in said means for counting, means for resetting to zero the means for counting in response to either an end-of-run signal or an output from said means for detecting a count of predetermined value, and memory means for storing the count value in said means for counting immediately prior to its being reset.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
62 words
In a redundancy reduction system of the type defined in claim 3 wherein said means for transmitting includes a shift register means having a capacity for storing amplitude values of samples at least equal in number to the maximum value of said code word, and a means responsive to said start-of-run signal for entering a code word into said shift register means.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
194 words
In a redundancy reduction system as defined in claim 2 wherein said means for generating the start-of-run signal, the continuing-run signal and the end-of-run signal includes a first delay means for generating a first delayed pulse in response to said energizing pulse, a second delay means for generating a second delayed pulse in response to said first delayed pulse, a flip-flop having a set and a cleared state, means responsive to said identifying signal and said second delayed pulse for setting said flip-flop, means responsive to the absence of said identifying signal and said second delayed pulse for clearing said flip-flop, a first AND gating means for developing said start-of-run signal in response to the simultaneous presence of said identifying signal, the first delayed pulse and the cleared state of said flip-flop, a second AND gating means for developing said continuing-run signal in response to the simultaneOus presence of said identifying signal, said first delayed pulse and the set state of said flip-flop, and a third AND gating means for developing said end-of-run signal in response to the absence of said identifying signal, the set state of said flip-flop and said first delayed pulse.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
36 words
In a redundancy reduction system as defined in claim 5 wherein said flip-flop is also cleared in response to an output from said means for detecting a count of predetermined value in said means for counting.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
60 words
In a redundancy reduction system as defined in claim 4 wherein said means for generating a code word further includes a second means for detecting a count of predetermined value in said means for counting, and said means for entering a code word into said shift register means is also responsive to an output from said second means for detecting.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
156 words
Redundancy reduction transmitting apparatus comprising means for generating a plurality of amplitude samples during each predetermined interval of an input signal, means for generating an address word for each amplitude sample which word indicates the relative position of its respective sample in the predetermined interval of said input signal, means for selecting amplitude samples for transmission, each selected sample being identified by the presence of an energizing signal, means for generating a code word for each selected sample which follows a sample not selected, said code word providing an indication as to the number of selected samples which follow said each selected sample in subsequent address positions, means responsive to said energizing signal for assembling in sequence the amplitude, code word and address word of said each selected sample followed by the amplitudes for all samples indicated by said code word, and means for transmitting the information assembled by the last-mentioned means to a receiving location.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
156 words
Redundancy reduction transmitting apparatus comprising means for generating a plurality of amplitude samples during each predetermined interval of an input signal, means for generating an address word for each amplitude sample which word indicates the relative position of its respective sample in the predetermined interval of said input signal, means for selecting amplitude samples for transmission, each selected sample being identified by the presence of an energizing signal, means for generating a code word for each selected sample which follows a sample not selected, said code word providing an indication as to the number of selected samples which follow said each selected sample in subsequent address positions, means responsive to said energizing signal for assembling in sequence the amplitude, code word and address word of said each selected sample followed by the amplitudes for all samples indicated by said code word, and means for transmitting the information assembled by the last-mentioned means to a receiving location.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
93 words
Redundancy reduction transmitting apparatus as defined in claim 8 wherein the input signal is a video signal having time intervals called frames and time subintervals called lines and said means for selecting amplitude samples for transmission includes a memory means for storing an entire frame of video samples, a subtractor circuit for taking the difference between the amplitude of each new sample and its corresponding sample in said memory means having the same time position in the frame interval, and means for generating said energizing signal if the difference exceeds a predetermined threshold.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
69 words
Redundancy reduction transmitting apparatus as defined in claim 9 wherein said means for assembling in sequence includes a first gating means for generating a start-of-run signal when a selected sample follows a nonselected sample, a second gating means for generating a continuing-run signal when a selected sample follows a selected sample, and a third gating means for generating an end-of-run signal when a nonselected sample follows a selected sample.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
92 words
Redundancy reduction transmitting apparatus as defined in claim 10 wherein said means for generating a code word includes means for counting continuing-run signals, means for detecting a count of predetermined value at the output of said means for counting, means for resetting to zero the means for counting in response to either a end-of-run signal or an output from said means for detecting a count of predetermined value, and means for storing the last count value at the output of said means for counting before the latter means is reset to zero.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
83 words
Redundancy reduction transmitting apparatus as defined in claim 11 wherein said means for assembling includes a data register having a plurality of storage cells with the capacity to store a code word and amplitudes for samples equal at least in number to the maximum number of selected samples which can be indicated by said code word, a flag register for storing a start-of-run signal, and means for shifting both the data register and flag register in response to both start-of-run and continuing-Run signals.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
52 words
Redundancy reduction transmitting apparatus as defined in claim 11 wherein said means for assembling further includes a means responsive to said means for detecting a count of predetermined value for generating a start-of-run signal if the next sample following the one corresponding to the count of predetermined value is a selected sample.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
52 words
Redundancy reduction transmitting apparatus as defined in claim 12 wherein said means for generating a code word further includes a second means for detecting a count of predetermined value, and said means for assembling further includes a means responsive to said second detecting means for storing a signal in said flag register.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1974-01-04 | 1974-07-06 | 1975-01-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1978-01-04 | 1978-07-06 | 1979-01-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1982-01-04 | 1982-07-06 | 1983-01-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |