Latching-type digital phase shifter employing toroids of gyromagnetic material

Claim 1

IN AN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE EMPLOYING A MEMBER OF GYROMAGNETIC MATERIAL AND OPERATING TO HAVE THE MEGNETIZATION STATE OF SAID MEMBER SWITCHED BETWEEN TWO DIFFERENT MAGNETIZATION STATES TO EFFECT DIFFERENTIAL INTERACTION WITH LINEARLY POLARIZED ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES WHEN IN THE TWO DIFFERENT MAGNETIZATION STATES, THE COMBINATION COMPRISING, MEANS FOR PROPAGATING ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES ALONG A GIVEN DIRECTION IN A PROPAGATING MODE IN WHICH THE MAGNETIC FIELD COMPONENTS OF THE WAVES ARE LINEARLY POLARIZED IN A GIVEN REGION, A MEMBER OF GYROMAGNETIC MATERIAL HAVING AN APERTURE, SAID MEMBER BEING DISPOSED ENTIRELY WITHIN SAID REGION AND ORIENTED SO THAT AN AXIS OF SYMMETRY THROUGH THE APERTURE IS TRANSVERSE TO SAID GIVEN DIRECTION AND SAID APERTURE BEING AN ELONGATED SLOT EXTENDING IN THE DIRECTION OF WAVE PROPAGATION SO THAT THE LINES OF FLUX ESTABLISHED AROUND SAID AXIS OF SYMMETRY ARE SUBSTANTIALLY EVERYWHERE ORTHOGONAL TO SAID LINEARLY POLARIZED MAGNETIC FIELD CONTAINED WITHIN SAID GYROMAGNETIC MEMBER, MEANS FOR DRIVING SAID MEMBER TO A FIRST MAGNETIZATION STATE BY ESTABLISHING LINES OF FLUX AROUND SAID AXIS OF SYMMETRY, WHEREBY SAID MEMBER PRESENTS A FIRST VALUE OF PERMEABILITY TO SAID WAVES, AND MEANS FOR CHANGING THE MAGNETIZATION OF SAID MEMBER TO A SECOND MAGNETIZATION STATE, SO THAT SAID MEMBER PRESENTS A DIFFERENT VALUE OF PERMEABILITY TO SAID WAVES, SAID MEMBER BEING ALTERNATELY SWITCHED BETWEEN SAID FIRST AND SECOND MAGNETIZATION STATES.