Nondrying alkyd resins and process of making same

Claim 1

A PROCESS FOR PREPARING AN IMPROVED NONDRYING ALKYD RESIN WHICH COMPRISES: (1) HEATING, AT A TEMPERATURE BETWEEN ABOUT 190*C. AND ABOUT 250*C., A POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL COMPONENT IN AN AMOUNT CORRESPONDING TO FROM ABOUT 120 TO ABOUT 150% OF THE HYDROXYL EQUIVLAENTS THEORETICALLY REQUIRED IN THE REACTION OF SAID COMPONENT WITH BOTH THE MONO- AND DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS USED IN PREPARATION OF THE ALKYD RESIN, SAID POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL COMPONENT BEING SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF PENTAERYTHRITOL AND MIXTURES OF PENTAERYTHRITOL WITH AT LEAST ONE COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF GLYCEROL AND ETHYLENE GLYCOL, THE PENTAERYTHRITOL IN SAID MIXTURES CONTRIBUTING AT LEAST 50% OF THE TOTAL HYDROXYL EQUIVALENTS FURNISHED TO THE REACTON, WITH AT LEAST ONE FATTY ACID COMPONENT SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SATURATED FATTY ACIDS HAVING 8 TO 18 CARBON ATOMS AND TRIGLYCERIDES OF FATTY ACIDS WHEREIN AT LEAST 80% OF THE FATTY ACIDS ARE SATURATED FATTY ACIDS HAVING 8 TO 18 CARBON ATOMS, THE AMOUNT OF SAID FATTY ACID COMPONENT BEING SUFFICIENT TO PROVIDE FROM ABOUT 20 TO ABOUT 50% OF THE TOTAL CARBOXYL EQUIVALENTS NEEDED FOR REACTION WITH THE 100% LEVEL OF THE HYDROXYL EQUIVALENTS FURNISHED BY THE POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL COMPONENT; (2) SUBSEQUENTLY COOLING THE REACTION MIXTURE FROM (1) TO A TEMPERATURE LESS THAN ABOUT 170*C. AND THEN EFFECTING REACTION OF SAID MIXTURE AT A TEMPERATURE IN THE RANGE FROM ABOUT 140* TO ABOUT 170*C. WITH THE COMBINATION OF AT LEAST ONE CARBOCYCLIC DICARBOXYLIC ACID ANHYDRIDE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE,TETRAHYDROPHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE, HEXAHYDROPHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE, TETRACHLOROPHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE AND THE DIELS-ALDER ADDUCT OF HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE AND MALEIC ANHYDRIDE, AND AT LEAST ONE ACRYCLIC DICARBOXYLIC ACID ANYDRIDE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF MALEIC ANHYDRIDE, CITRACONIC ANHYDRIDE AND ITACONIC ANHYDRIDE, THE MOLE RATIO OF SAID CARBOCYCLIC ANHYDRIDE TO SAID ACYCLIC ANHYDRIDE BEING IN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 6:1 TO ABOUT 2:1, AND THE AMOUNT OF SAID COMBINATION OF ANHYDRIDES BEING SUFFICIENT TO PROVIDE FROM ABOUT 50% TO ABOUT 80% OF THE TOTAL CARBOXYL EQUIVALENTS NEEDED FOR REACTION WITH THE 100% LEVEL OF THE HYDROXYL EQUIVALENTS FURNISHED BY THE POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL COMPONENT; (3) ADDING TO THE REACTION MIXTURE FROM (2), AT A TEMPERATURE BETWEEN ABOUT 125* AND ABOUT 160*C., A SOLUTION OF AN ORGANIC PEROXIDE IN AT LEAST ONE VINYL MONOMER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALKYL ACRYLATES AND ALKYL METHACRYLATES WHEREIN THE ALKYL GROUP CONTAINS 1 TO 4 CARBON ATOMS, THE PEROXIDE BEING CHARACTERIZED BY A HALF-LIFE OF BETWEEN ABOUT 7.0 HOURS AND ABOUT 0.06 HOUR AT A TEMPERATURES IN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 125* TO ABOUT 160* C. AND BY BEING NONVOLATILE AT TEMPERATURES IN SAID RANGE, THE AMOUNT OF VINYL MONOMER BEING FROM ABOUT 10 TO ABOUT 50% BY WEIGHT BASED ON THE SOLIDS CONTENT OF REACTION MIXTURE (2), AND THE AMOUNT OF PEROXIDE BEING FROM ABOUT 1 TO ABOUT 10% BY WEIGHT BASED ON THE AMOUNT OF VINLY MONOMER, SAID SOLUTION OF ORGANIC PEROXIDE IN THE VINYL MONOMER BEING ADDED IN TWO PARTS, THE FIRST PART CONTAINING FROM ABOUT 45 TO 60% OF THE TOTAL MONOMER AND FROM ABOUT 20 TO ABOUT 30% OF THE TOTAL PEROXIDE, AND THE SECOND PART CONTAINING THE REMAINING AMOUNTS OF MONOMER AND PEROXIDE; AND (4) HEATING THE REACTION MIXTURE FROM (3) AT A TEMPERATURE BETWEEN ABOUT 200* AND ABOUT 300*C. UNTIL THE ACID NUMBER OF THEALKYD RESIN PRODUCT HAS BEEN REDUCED TO LESS THAN 15.