Dynamic biaxial testing machine

Claim 1

DYNAMIC BIAXIAL TESTING APPARATUS COMPRISING A CYLINDER, MEANS CLOSING EACH END OF SAID CYLINDER, A PISTON IN SAID CYLINDER, SAID PISTON BEING SUBSTANTIALLY FREE TO RECIPROCATE AND SUBSTANTIALLY FREE TO ROTATE, MEANS CONNECTING A SPECIMEN TO BE TESTED TO A MEANS FOR CLOSING AN END OF SAID CYLINDER, MEANS CONNECTING THE SPECIMEN TO SAID PISTON, MEANS TO ADMIT PRESSURIZED FLUID TO OPPOSITE FACES OF SAID PISTON, MEANS TO ABRUPTLY DISCHARGE THE PRESSURIZED FLUID FROM ONE FACE OF SAID PISTON WHEREBY UNBALANCED PRESSURIZED FLUID-FORCE ON THE OPPOSITE FACE MOVES SAID PISTON RAPIDLY TOWARD SAID ONE FACE, AND TORQUE MEANS TO APPLY A TURNING FORCE TO SAID PISTON TO THEREBY APPLY A TORQUE TENDING TO RUPTURE SAID SPECIMEN, SAID TORQUE MEANS COMPRISING A RADIAL OUTWARD PROJECTION ON SAID PISTON, A COOPERATING INWARD RADIAL PROJECTION IN SAID CYLINDER, SAID PROJECTIONS AND CYLINDER AND PISTON FORMING A CHAMBER, MEANS TO SUPPLY AND EXHAUST FLUID FROM SAID CHAMBER THEREBY APPLYING A FORCE TO SAID PROJECTION TO APPLY A TORQUE TO SAID SPECIMEN.