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Claim 1

IN A FLUID SYSTEM HAVING A FLUID RESERVOIR A FILTER DEVICE COMPRISING, (A) A TUBULAR MEMBER CARRIED BY SAID RESERVOIR IN A POSITION HAVING ONE END DISPOSED BELOW THE LEVEL OF THE FLUID IN SAID RESERVOIR, (B) A HOUSING SECURED TO SAID TUBULAR MEMBER AND EXTENDING EXTERIORLY OF SAID RESERVOIR AND HAVING A CHAMBER COMMUNICATING WITH SAID RESERVOIR THROUGH SAID TUBULAR MEMBER, (C) SAID HOUSING BEING PROVIDED WITH AN OUTLET COMMUNICATING WITH SAID CHAMBER, (D) A FILTER ELEMENT REMOVABLY CARRIED IN SAID CHAMBER AND HAVING AN INLET SIDE OPEN TO SAID TUBULAR MEMBER AND AN OUTLET SIDE NORMALLY OPEN TO SAID OUTLET, A PORTING MEMBER AXIALLY SLIDABLY CARRIED IN SAID CHAMBER, SAID PORTING MEMBER BEING PROVIDED WITH A RADIALLY EXTENDING FLANGE PORTION NORMALLY POSITIONED TO BLOCK FLUID FLOW FROM THE INLET SIDE OF SAID FILTER ELEMENT TO SAID OUTLET AND HAVING ONE SIDE EXPOSED TO THE PRESSURE ON THE INLET SIDE OF SAID FILTER ELEMENT AND AN OPPOSITE SIDE EXPOSED TO THE PRESSURE ON THE OUTLET SIDE OF SAID FILTER ELEMENT WHEREBY SAID PORTING MEMBER AXIALLY MOVES IN RESPONSE TO CHANGES IN THE PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL ACROSS SAID FILTER ELEMENT, SAID PORTING MEMBER BEING MOVABLE UPON A PREDETERMINED INCREASE IN THE PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL ACROSS SAID FILTER ELEMENT TO A POSITION IN WHICH SAID FLANGE PORTION MOVES PAST THE OUTLET TO OPEN A FLUID PATH FROM THE INLET SIDE OF SAID FILTER ELEMENT TO SAID OUTLET WHEREBY TO BYPASS SAID FILTER ELEMENT, AND (E) VALVE MEANS ASSOCIATED WITH SAID PORTING MEMBER AND SAID HOUSING AND BEING AUTOMATICALLY OPERABLE UPON REMOVAL OF SAID FILTER ELEMENT TO OPEN A FLUID PATH DIRECTLY FROM SAID RESERVOIR TO SAID OUTLET.