Molecular beam tube

Claim 2

IN A MOLECULAR BEAM TUBE A MOLECULAR BEAM SOURCE AND COLLIMATOR WHICH COMPRISES IN COMBINATION: CONTAINER MEANS CAPABLE OF CONTAINING A RELATIVELY HIGH MELTING POINT MOLECULAR BEAM SOURCE MATERIAL, SAID CONTAINER MEANS COMPRISING MEANS FORMING AN ELONGATED APERTURE TO PERMIT THE EFFUSION OF THE SAID MATERIAL FROM THE CONTAINER MEANS; ALONG A PREDETERMINED AXIS COLLIMATOR MEANS COAXIALLY ALIGNED WITH THE APERTURE MEANS TO FORM THE EFFUSED MATERIAL INTO A MOLECULAR BEAM OF PREDETERMINED GEOMETRIC FORM; HEATING MEANS SURROUNDING AND DISPOSED IN A HEAT EXCHANGE RELATIONSHIP WITH THE CONTAINER MEANS AND THE COLLIMATOR MEANS, SAID HEATING MEANS PROVIDING SUFFICIENT HEAT TO MELT THE MOLECULAR BEAM SOURCE MATERIAL AND CREATE A THERMAL GRADIENT BETWEEN THE CONTAINER MEANS AND THE COLLIMATOR MEANS, THE HIGHER END OF THE GRADIENT BEING DISPOSED TOWARD THE COLLIMATOR MEANS.

Claim 3

A THALLIUM MOLECULAR BEAM APPARATUS WHICH EMPLOYS A CHANGE IN ENERGY STATE BETWEEN MOLECULES TO DERIVE A FREQUENCY STANDARD SIGNAL SAID APPARATUS COMPRISING IN COMBINATION: A SOURCE OF THALLIUM; DETECTOR MEANS TO DETECT AND PROPORTIONALLY CONVERT THE BEAM OF THALLIUM ATOMS INTO AN ELECTRICAL SIGNAL; AN ELONGATED EVACUATED MOLECULAR BEAM TUBE HAVING AXIALLY DISPOSED AT ONE END THEREOF THE THALLIUM SOURCE AND AT THE OTHER END THEREOF THE DETECTOR MEANS; HEATED COLLIMATOR MEANS ADAPTED TO FORM THALLIUM FROM THE SOURCE INTO A THALLIUM MOLECULAR BEAM OF PREDETERMINED GEOMETRIC FORM; A AND B ENERGY STATES SELECTING MEANS TO SELECT THE DESIRED ENERGY STATES OF THE THALLIUM AS IT PASSES THROUGH THE BEAM TUBE; MEANS TO CREATE A WEAK UNIFORM MAGNETIC FIELD BETWEEN THE A AND B ENERGY STATE SELECTOR MEANS AND IN WHICH FIELD IS LOCATED RESONANT CAVITY MEANS THROUGH WHICH THE THALLIUM BEAM PASSES AND IN WHICH THE THALLIUM BEAM MEANS IS SUBJECTED TO AN INTENSE OSCILLATING FIELD OF PREDETERMINED FREQUENCY AND INTENSITY TO EFFECT THE DESIRED ENERGY STATE TRANSITIONS.

Claim 4

A THALLIUM MOLECULAR BEAM APPARATUS WHICH EMPLOYS A CHANGE IN ENERGY STATE BETWEEN MOLECULES TO DERIVE A FREQUENCY STANDARD SIGNAL SAID APPARATUS COMPRISING IN COMBINATION: A SOURCE OF THALLIUM; DETECTOR MEANS TO DETECT AND PROPORTIONALLY CONVERT THE BEAM OF THALLIUM ATOMS INTO AN ELECTRICAL SIGNAL; AN ELONGATED EVACUATED MOLECULAR BEAM TUBE HAVING AXIALLY DISPOSED AT ONE END THEREOF THE THALLIUM SOURCE AND AT THE OTHER END THEREOF THE DETECTOR MEANS; HEATED COLLIMATOR MEANS ADAPTED TO FORM THALLIUM FROM THE SOURCE INTO A THALLIUM MOLECULAR BEAM OF PREDETERMINED GEOMETRIC FORM; A AND B ENERGY STATES SELECTING MEANS TO SELECT THE DESIRED ENERGY STATES OF THE THALLIUM AS IT PASSES THROUGH THE BEAM TUBE; MEANS TO CREATE A WEAK UNIFORM MAGNETIC FIELD BETWEEN THE A AND B ENERGY STATE SELECTOR MEANS AND IN WHICH FIELD IS LOCATED RESONANT CAVITY MEANS THROUGH WHICH THE THALLIUM BEAM PASSES AND IN WHICH THE THALLIUM BEAM MEANS IS SUBJECTED TO AN INTENSE OSCILLATING FIELD OF PREDETERMINED FREQUENCY AND INTENSITY TO EFFECT THE DESIRED ENERGY STATE TRANSITIONS.