Vortex throttle and cryostat

Claim 1

A CLOSED CYCLE JOULE-THOMSON CRYOSTAT COMPRISING: A COMPRESSOR HAVING AN INLET AND AN OUTLET, SAID COMPRESSOR, CONTINUOUSLY DRAWING, COMPRESSING, AND EXHAUSTING A SUPPLY OF GAS; A HEAT EXCHANGER CONNECTED TO RECEIVE COMPRESSED GAS FROM THE OUTLET OF SAID COMPRSSOR AND TO SUPPLY EXPANDED GAS TO THE INLET OF SAID COMPRESSOR; A HEAD LOAD CONNECTED IN THERMAL COMMUNICATION WITH SAID HEAT EXCHANGER AT AN END OPPOSITE THE COMPRESSOR CONNECTION; AND A THROTTLE VALVE MOUNTED ADJACENT THE HEAT LOAD, SAID THROTTLE VALVE INCLUDING A VOLUTE CHAMBER HAVING A GAS INLET PASSAGEWAY FORMED THROUGH THE SIDE WALL THEREOF AND A GAS OUTLET PORT FORMED IN ONE END WALL THEREOF, SAID VOLUTE CHAMBER BEING CONNECTED TO RECEIVE THE COMPRESSED GAS FROM SAID HEAT EXCHANGER AT THE INLET PASSAGEWAY AND TO EXHAUST THE GAS THROUGH THE OUTLET PORT WHEREBY THE GAS WITHIN SAID VOLUTE CHAMBER IS ACCELERATED INTO A VORTEX TO REDUCE THE GAS PRESSURE AND GAS TEMPERATURE WHEREUPON THE LOW-PRESSURE, LOW-TEMPERATURES GAS IS DIRECTED OUTWARD FROM SAID VOLUTE CHAMBER THROUGH THE OUTLET PORT AND AGAINST SAID HEAT LOAD WHEREAFTER SAID HEAT LOAD IS COOLED BY THE LOW-PRESSURE, LOW-TEMPERATURE GAS, SAID GAS THEREAFTER BEING DRAW BACK THROUGH SAID HEAT EXCHANGER TO THE COMPRESSOR INPUT.