Freeze-thaw mechanically stable latex of a terpolymer of styrene, alkyl acrylate and an alpha-beta vinylidene carboxylic acid

Claim 1

THE METHOD OF MAKING FREEZE-THAW MECHANICALLY STABLE LATEX BY COMPOLYMERIZING AT LEAST THREE MONOETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED POLYMERIZABLE MONOMERS IN AN EMULSION SYSTEM COMPRISING MIXING (1) A SINGLE MONOMER MIXTURE CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF FROM ABOUT 4 TO ABOUT 40% OF THE MEMBER SELECTED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING OF STYRENE, ALKYL-SUBSTITUTED STYRENE WHEREIN SAID ALKYL GROUPS CONTAIN FROM 1 TO 4 CARBON ATOMS AND HALOSUBSTITUTED STYRENE, SAID SUBSTITUTED STYRENES BEING RING SUBSTITUTED, FROM ABOUT 55 TO 95% OF AN ALKYL ACRYLATE HAVING FROM 4 TO 7 CARBON ATOMS, AND FROM ABOUT 0.5-5% BY WEIGHT OF AN ALPHA-BETA VINYLIDENE CARBOXYLIC ACID (2) AN QUEOUS EMULSION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF (A) AN ALKALI METAL SALT OF AN ALKYL ARYL POLYETHYOXYETHANOL SULFATE, (B) A SULFOSUCCINIC ACID SALT AND (C) A CONDENSATION PRODUCT OF ETHYLENE OXIDE AND ALCOHOLS CONTAINING ALKYL GROUPS HAVING FROM 6-15 CARBON ATOMS, AND (3) AN OXIDIZING AGENT, AND ADDING REDUCING AGENT IN AN AMOUNT SUFFICIENT TO CAUSE POLYMERIZATION WHILE SIMULTANEOUSLY KEEPING THE TEMPERATURE OF THE REACTION MIXTURE BETWEEN ABOUT 15 AND 85*C., SAID (A) AND (B) BEING EACH EMPLOYED IN THE RANGE OF FROM 0.3 TO 3% BY WEIGHT BASED ON TOTAL MONOMER AND SAID (C) BEING EMPLOYED IN THE RANGE FROM 0.5 TO 10% BY WEIGHT BASED ON TOTAL MONOMER.

Claim 2

THE METHOD OF MAKING FREEZE-THAW MECHANICALLY STABLE LATEX BY COMPOLYMERIZING AT LEAST THREE MONOETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED POLYMERIZABLE MONOMERS IN AN EMULSION SYSTEM COMPRISING MIXING (1) A SINGLE MONOMER MIXTURE CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF FROM ABOUT 4 TO ABOUT 40% OF THE MEMBER SELECTED FROM THE CLASS CONSISTING OF STYRENE, ALKYL-SUBSTITUTED STYRENE WHEREIN SAID ALKYL GROUPS CONTAIN FROM 1 TO 4 CARBON ATOMS AND HALOSUBSTITUTED STYRENE, SAID SUBSTITUTED STYRENES BEING RING SUBSTITUTED, FROM ABOUT 55 TO 95% OF AN ALKYL ACRYLATE HAVING FROM 4 TO 7 CARBON ATOMS, AND FROM ABOUT 0.5-5% BY WEIGHT OF AN ALPHA-BETA VINYLIDENE CARBOXYLIC ACID (2) AN QUEOUS EMULSION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF (A) AN ALKALI METAL SALT OF AN ALKYL ARYL POLYETHYOXYETHANOL SULFATE, (B) A SULFOSUCCINIC ACID SALT AND (C) A CONDENSATION PRODUCT OF ETHYLENE OXIDE AND ALCOHOLS CONTAINING ALKYL GROUPS HAVING FROM 6-15 CARBON ATOMS, AND (3) AN OXIDIZING AGENT, AND ADDING REDUCING AGENT IN AN AMOUNT SUFFICIENT TO CAUSE POLYMERIZATION WHILE SIMULTANEOUSLY KEEPING THE TEMPERATURE OF THE REACTION MIXTURE BETWEEN ABOUT 15 AND 85*C., SAID (A) AND (B) BEING EACH EMPLOYED IN THE RANGE OF FROM 0.3 TO 3% BY WEIGHT BASED ON TOTAL MONOMER AND SAID (C) BEING EMPLOYED IN THE RANGE FROM 0.5 TO 10% BY WEIGHT BASED ON TOTAL MONOMER.