Gas turbine jet propulsion engine units for aircraft and also jet propelled aircraft

Claim 1

AN AIRCRAFT COMBINATION COMPRISING A GAS TURBINE JET PROPULSION ENGINE HAVING A COMPRESSOR SYSTEM WHICH INCLUDES AN AXIAL FLOW FIRST COMPRESSOR AND A SECOND COMPRESSOR, A COMBUSTOR, AND A TURBINE SYSTEM ADAPTED TO DRIVE SAID COMPRESSORS, A FORWARDLY FACING AIR INTAKE AND DUCTING IN FLUID COMMUNICATION WITH SAID AIR INTAKE FOR DELIVERY OF AIR TO SAID COMPRESSOR SYSTEM, NOZZLE DUCT MEANS WITH AT LEAST ONE JET PROPULSION AIR NOZZLE LOCATED ADJACENT SAID COMPRESSOR SYSTEM, DUCTING FOR CONVEYING AIR COMPRESSED BY SAID FIRST COMPRESSOR TO SAID NOZZLE DUCT MEANS, MEANS LOCATING AND ROTATABLY SUPPORTING SAID NOZZLE DUCT MEANS ALONGSIDE SAID ENGINE, ENABLING SAID NOZZLE DUCT MEANS TO BE POSITIONABLE TO VARY THE DIRECTION OF DISCHARGE FROM SAID AIR NOZZLE AT LEAST BETWEEN A REARWARD DIRECTION AND A DOWNWARD DIRECTION, AND SO THAT SAID DUCT MEANS IS FORWARD OF THE AIRCRAFT CENTER OF GRAVITY, AND THE CENTRAL AXIS OF DISCHARGGE THROUGH SAID NOZZLE DUCT MEANS INTERSECTS THE AXIS OF ROTATION OF SAID DUCT MEANS AT A POINT WHICH LIES IN A COMMON HORIZONTAL PLANE WITH THE LINE OF THE RESULTANT INTAKE MOMENTUM DRAG, WHEREBY IN HORIZONTAL FLIGHT OF THE AIRCRAFT WITH THE NOZZLE DUCT MEANS ADJUSTED TO DISCHARGE REARWARDLY, THE RESULTANT OF THE INTAKE MOMENTUM DRAG AND THE RESULTANT OF THE REACTION THRUST FROM SAID NOZZLE ACT IN OPPOSITION IN A COMMON APPROXIMATELY HORIZONTAL PLANE, AND MEANS IN DRIVE CONNECTION WITH SAID ADJUSTABLE DUCT MEANS TO CHANGE AND MAINTAIN ITS DESIRED ADJUSTED POSITION.

Claim 3

A METHOD OF PERFORMING A VERTICAL TAKE-OFF FOLLOWED BY TRANSITION TO HORIZONTAL FORWARD FLIGHT OF AN AIRCRAFT OF THE FLAT-RISER KIND WHICH INCLUDES AT LEAST ONE TURBOFAN JET ENGINE, WHICH METHOD COMPRISES THE STEPS OF OPERATING THE ENGINE TO PRODUCE AT LEAST ONE OUTPUT FLOW OF FAN COMPRESSED AIR AND AT LEAST ONE OUTPUT FLOW OF TURBINE EXHAUST GAS, DISCHARGING SAID FLOWS DOWNWARDS AS PROPULSIVE JETS FROM LOCATIONS ON THE AIRCRAFT WHICH ARE FORWARD AND REARWARD RESPECTIVELY OF THE AIRCRAFT CENTER OF GRAVITY TO ACHIEVE VERTICAL TAKE-OFF AND THEREAFTER DEFLECTING SAID JETS REARWARDS UNTIL THEY ACT IN A SUBSTANTIALLY HORIZONTAL COMMON PLANE.

Claim 4

A METHOD OF PERFORMING A VERTICAL TAKE-OFF FOLLOWED BY TRANSITION TO HORIZONTAL FORWARD FLIGHT OF AN AIRCRAFT OF THE FLAT-RISER KIND WHICH INCLUDES AT LEAST ONE TURBOFAN JET ENGINE, WHICH METHOD COMPRISES THE STEPS OF OPERATING THE ENGINE TO PRODUCE AT LEAST ONE OUTPUT FLOW OF FAN COMPRESSED AIR AND AT LEAST ONE OUTPUT FLOW OF TURBINE EXHAUST GAS, DISCHARGING SAID FLOWS DOWNWARDS AS PROPULSIVE JETS FROM LOCATIONS ON THE AIRCRAFT WHICH ARE FORWARD AND REARWARD RESPECTIVELY OF THE AIRCRAFT CENTER OF GRAVITY TO ACHIEVE VERTICAL TAKE-OFF AND THEREAFTER DEFLECTING SAID JETS REARWARDS UNTIL THEY ACT IN A SUBSTANTIALLY HORIZONTAL COMMON PLANE.