Shell-and-tube type heat exchangers

Claim 1

A HEAT EXCHANGER COMPRISING A SHELL, CIRCULAR IN SECTION, HAVING AN OPEN END, AND HAVING WATER INLET AND OUTLET TUBES; A METAL INNER MANIFOLD, CIRCULAR IN SECTION, EXTENDING ACROSS SAID OPEN END CONCENTRIC THEREWITH; A METAL OUTLET MANIFOLD, CIRCULAR IN SECTION, AND HAVING SUBSTANTIALLY THE SAME DIAMETER AS SAID INNER MANIFOLD, SPACED OUTWARDLY FROM SAID INNER MANIFOLD CONCENTRIC THEREWITH; SAID MANIFOLD HAVING SIMILAR, ALIGNED DIAMETRAL RIBS HVING SIMILAR ANNULAR RIMS, AND EACH HAVING A PLURALITY OF SPACED-APART RIBS EXTENDING PERPENDICULAR TO ITS RESPECTIVE DIAMETRAL RIB AND EXTENDING TO ITS RESPECTIVE RIM, CORRESPONDING ONES OF SAID SPACED-APART RIBS BEING ALIGNED, EACH OF SAID MANIFOLDS HAVING AN EQUAL NUMBER OF HOLLOW PORTIONS BETWEEN ITS RESPECTIVE RIBS AND RIM WITH ONE HALF OF IT HOLLOW PORTIONS BEING ON ONE SIDE OF ITS RESPECTIVE DIAMETRAL RIB AND THE OTHER HALF OF ITS HOLLOW PORTIONS BEING ON THE OTHER SIDE OF ITS RESPECTIVE DIAMETRAL RIB; A COPPER TUBE SHEET, CIRCULAR IN SECTION, AND HAVING SUBSTANTIALLY THE SAME DIAMETER AS SAID MANIFOLDS EXTENDING BETWEEN SAID MANIFOLDS CONCENTRIC THEREWITH; A PLURALITY OF COPPER TUBES WITHIN SAID SHELL; SAID COPPER TUBES HAVING U-SHAPED BENDS AND EXTENDING IN STRAIGHT LENGTHS FORM SAID BENDS WITH ONE HALF OF THEIR ENDS EXTENDING THROUGH SAID HOLLOW PORTIONS OF SAID INNER MANIFOLD THAT ARE ON SAID ONE SIDE OF ITS RESPECTIVE DIAMETRAL RIB, THROUGH SAID TUBE SHEET, AND INTO SAID HOLLOW PORTIONS OF SAID OUTER MANIFOLD THAT ARE ONE SAID ONE SIDE OF ITS RESPECTIVE DIAMETRAL RIB, AND WITH THE OTHER HALF OF THEIR ENDS EXTENDING THROUGH SAID HOLLOW PORTIONS OF SAID INNER MANIFOLD THAT ARE ON SAID OTHER SIDE OF ITS RESPECTIVE DIAMETRAL RIB, THROUGH SAID TUBE SHEET, AND INTO SAID HOLLOW PORTIONS OF SAID OUTER MANIFOLD THAT ARE ON SAID OTHER SIDE OF ITS RESPECTIVE DIAMETRAL RIB, SAID ENDS OF SAID COPPER TUBES BEING BRAZED TO SID TUBE SHEET; A METAL HEAD, CIRCULAR IN SECTION, AT THE OTHER OUTER SIDE OF SAID OUTER MANIFOLD, CONCENTRIC THEREWITH; MEANS FOR ATTACHING SAID HEAD TO SAID SHELL; MEANS COMPRISING A PLURALITY OF BOLTS EXTENDING THROUGH SAID HEAD AND SAID RIBS OF SAID OUTER MANIFOLD, AND THREADED INTO SAID RIBS OF SAID INNER MANIFOLD, FOR CLAMPING SAID MANIFOLDS TO SAID HEAD WITH SAID TUBE SHEET CLAMPED BETWEEN SAID RIMS AND RIBS; REFRIGERANT INLET TUBES EXTENDING INTO SAID HEAD AND CONNECTING WITH SAID HOLLOW PORTIONS OF SAID OUTER MANIFOLD THAT ARE ON SAID ONE SIDE OF ITS RESPECTIVE DIAMETRAL RIB; AND REFRIGERANT OUTLET TUBES EXTENDING INTO SAID HEAD AND CONNECTING WITH SAID HOLLOW PORTIONS OF SAID OUTER MANIFOLD THAT ARE ON SAID OTHER SIDE OF ITS RESPECTIVE DIAMETRAL RIB.