Structurally integrated composite members

Claim 1

A COMPOSITE STRUCTURAL MEMBER COMPRISING IN COMBINATION A LOAD-SUSTAINING METAL ELEMENT AND A PRECAST CONCRETE ELEMENT APPLIED TO A SURFACE OF THE METAL ELEMENT, A PLURALITY OF SURFACE IRREGULARITIES DISTRIBUTED OVER THE ADJACENT SURFACE OF THE METAL ELEMENT, AND THE ADJACENT SURFACE OF THE CONCRETE ELEMENT BEING ALSO ROUGH, A MORTAR FILLING INTERPOSED BETWEEN SUCH SURFACES AND BONDING TOGETHER THE METAL AND THE CONCRETE ELEMENTS THROUGH SAID IRREGULARITIES AND ROUGHNESS, TO RESIST SHEAR LOADS, NUTS ANCHORED TO THE IRREGULAR SURFACE OF THE METAL ELEMENT, THE CONCRETE ELEMENT HAVING APERTURES WHICH WHEN THE CONCRETE ELEMENT IS IN PLACE ARE POSITIONED TO REGISTER WITH SAID NUTS, AND HEADED RODS OUTSTANDING IN THE SEVERAL APERTURES AND THREADEDLY RECEIVED IN THE CORRESPONDING NUTS, SAID RODS BEING INADEQUATE TO RESIST THE SHEAR LOADS, THE MORTAR FILLING EMBEDDING SAID RODS AND NUTS AND FILLING THE SEVERAL APERTURES, WHEREBY THE RODS ACT IN TENSION TO HOLD THE CONCRETE ELEMENT AGAINST SEPARATION FROM THE METAL ELEMENT, AND THE ROUGHENED SURFACES SO HELD TOGETHER RESIST SHEAR LOADS.